Magnesium (Mg)

grundstof med atomnummer 12

Atomnummer	12
Atommasse	24.305
mass number	24

Gruppe	2
Periode	3
Blok	s

proton	12 p⁺
neutron	12 n⁰
elektron	12 e^-

Animated Bohrs atommodel of Mg (Magnesium)

Fysisk Egenskab

Atomradius	150 pm 240 pm
molar volume	14 cm³/mol
Kovalent Radius	139 pm 132 pm 127 pm 142 pm 141 pm
Metallic Radius	136 pm 160 pm
Ionisk radius	57 pm 66 pm 72 pm 89 pm
Crystal Radius	71 pm 80 pm 86 pm 103 pm
Van der Waals-radius	220 pm 173 pm 173 pm 243 pm 302,1 pm
massefylde	1,74 g/cm³ 1.584 kg/m³

Kemisk Egenskab

{ERROR}

energi

proton affinity	819,6 kJ/mol
electron affinity
ioniseringsenergi	7,646235 eV/particle 15,035267 eV/particle 80,1436 eV/particle 109,2654 eV/particle 141,335 eV/particle 186,76 eV/particle 225,015 eV/particle 265,924 eV/particle 327,985 eV/particle 367,5 eV/particle 1.761,80481 eV/particle 1.962,664 eV/particle

Fordampningsvarme	131,8 kJ/mol
smeltevarme	9,2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	147,1 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronskal	2, 8, 2

Valenselektron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ne] 3s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Oxidationstrin	0, 1, 2
Elektronegativitet	7,646 eV/particle 0.121644 1.31
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter

stoffase
gaseous state of matter
Kogepunkt	1.363,15 K
Smeltepunkt	923,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
appearance
farve	Sort #228b22 #8aff00 #8aff00
appearance	shiny grey solid
Brydningsindeks
materialeegenskab
Varmeledningsevne	156 W/(m K)
Termisk ekspansion	0,0000248 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,869 J/(mol K)
Varmefylde	1,023 J/(g⋅K)
Adiabateksponenten
electrical properties
type	Conductor
specifik ledningsevne	23 MS/m
Elektrisk resistivitet	0,00000004399999999999 Ω*m
superledning
Magnetisme
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000069 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000168 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,000012
magnetic ordering
Curietemperaturen
Néel temperature
struktur
Krystalstruktur	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3,21 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hårdhed	260 MPa 2,5 MPa
Kompressibilitetsmodul	45 GPa
Forskydningsmodul	17 GPa
E-modul	45 GPa
Poissons forhold	0,29
speed of sound	4.602 m/s
klassificering
Kategori	Actinider, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	73
Mendeleev Number	76
Pettifor Number	73
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

øvrige

Gas Basicity	797,3 kJ/mol
polarizability	71,2 ± 0,4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	626 a₀ 629 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,063
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0001
quantum number	1S0
rumgruppe	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Magnesium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	3

¹⁹Mg

mass number	19
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	19,03417992 ± 0,000064413 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	5 ± 3 ps
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	2007
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

²⁰Mg

mass number	20
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	20,018763075 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	90,4 ± 0,5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1974
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	30.3%

²¹Mg

mass number	21
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	21,011705764 ± 0,00000081 Da
g-factor	-0,3932 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	120 ± 0,4 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1963
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.1%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.116%
B+pA	0.016%

²²Mg

mass number	22
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	21,999570597 ± 0,00000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	3,8745 ± 0,0007 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1961
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²³Mg

mass number	23
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	22,994123768 ± 0,000000034 Da
g-factor	-0,35753333333333 ± 0,0002
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	11,3039 ± 0,0032 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,114 ± 0,003
opdagelsesdato	1939
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁴Mg

mass number	24
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	23,985041689 ± 0,000000013 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	78,965 ± 0,049
radioaktivitet	stable isotope
halveringstid	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1920
Paritet	+

²⁵Mg

mass number	25
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	24,985836966 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	-0,342132 ± 0,000012
natural abundance	10,011 ± 0,013
radioaktivitet	stable isotope
halveringstid	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,199 ± 0,002
opdagelsesdato	1920
Paritet	+

²⁶Mg

mass number	26
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	25,982592972 ± 0,000000031 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	11,025 ± 0,038
radioaktivitet	stable isotope
halveringstid	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1920
Paritet	+

²⁷Mg

mass number	27
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	26,984340647 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	-0,8212 ± 0,003
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	9,435 ± 0,027 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1934
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁸Mg

mass number	28
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	27,983875426 ± 0,00000028 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	20,915 ± 0,009 h
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1953
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁹Mg

mass number	29
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	28,988607163 ± 0,000000369 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	1,3 ± 0,12 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,16 ± 0,04
opdagelsesdato	1971
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁰Mg

mass number	30
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	29,990465454 ± 0,00000139 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	317 ± 4 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1971
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.06%

³¹Mg

mass number	31
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	30,996648232 ± 0,0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	270 ± 2 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1977
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.2%

³²Mg

mass number	32
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	31,999110138 ± 0,0000035 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	80,4 ± 0,4 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1977
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5.5%

³³Mg

mass number	33
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	33,005327862 ± 0,000002859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	92 ± 1,2 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,13 ± 0,09
opdagelsesdato	1979
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	14%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁴Mg

mass number	34
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	34,008935455 ± 0,0000074 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	44,9 ± 0,4 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1979
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	21%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.1%

³⁵Mg

mass number	35
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	35,01679 ± 0,0002895 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	11,3 ± 0,6 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1989
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	52%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁶Mg

mass number	36
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	36,021879 ± 0,000741 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	3,9 ± 1,3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1989
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	48%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁷Mg

mass number	37
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	37,030286265 ± 0,00075035 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	8 ± 4 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1996
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Mg

mass number	38
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	38,03658 ± 0,00054 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1997
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁹Mg

mass number	39
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	39,045921 ± 0,000551 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
n (neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

⁴⁰Mg

mass number	40
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	40,053194 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	2007
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Mg

mass number	41
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	41,062373 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

historie

opdager eller opfinder	Sir Humphrey Davy
fundsted	England
opdagelsesdato	1808
etymologi	From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
udtale	mag-NEE-zih-em (engelsk)

source

Forekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust	23.300 mg/kg
natural abundance (verdenshave)	1.290 mg/L
natural abundance (menneskelige krop)	0,027 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	12 %
natural abundance (Solen)	0,07 %
Abundance in Universe	0,06 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3911
2	p	4.1742
2	s	4.608
3	s	8.6925

Magnesium on ChemicalAid

Magnesium (Mg)

Fysisk Egenskab

Kemisk Egenskab

øvrige

Isotopes of Magnesium

19Mg

20Mg

21Mg

22Mg

23Mg

24Mg

25Mg

26Mg

27Mg

28Mg

29Mg

30Mg

31Mg

32Mg

33Mg

34Mg

35Mg

36Mg

37Mg

38Mg

39Mg

40Mg

41Mg

historie

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹⁹Mg

²⁰Mg

²¹Mg

²²Mg

²³Mg

²⁴Mg

²⁵Mg

²⁶Mg

²⁷Mg

²⁸Mg

²⁹Mg

³⁰Mg

³¹Mg

³²Mg

³³Mg

³⁴Mg

³⁵Mg

³⁶Mg

³⁷Mg

³⁸Mg

³⁹Mg

⁴⁰Mg

⁴¹Mg