મૅગ્નેશિયમનો (Mg)

chemical element, symbol Mg and atomic number 12

Atomic Number	12
Atomic Weight	24.305
mass number	24

Group	2
Period	3
Block	s

પ્રોટોન	12 p⁺
neutron	12 n⁰
ઈલેક્ટ્રોન	12 e^-

Animated બૉહરનો સિદ્ધાંત of Mg (મૅગ્નેશિયમનો)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	150 pm 240 pm
molar volume	14 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	139 pm 132 pm 127 pm 142 pm 141 pm
Metallic Radius	136 pm 160 pm
ionic radius	57 pm 66 pm 72 pm 89 pm
Crystal Radius	71 pm 80 pm 86 pm 103 pm
Van der Waals radius	220 pm 173 pm 173 pm 243 pm 302.1 pm
density	1.74 g/cm³ 1,584 kg/m³

રાસાયણિક ગુણધર્મ

{ERROR}

ઉર્જા

proton affinity	819.6 kJ/mol
electron affinity
ionization energy	7.646235 eV/particle 15.035267 eV/particle 80.1436 eV/particle 109.2654 eV/particle 141.335 eV/particle 186.76 eV/particle 225.015 eV/particle 265.924 eV/particle 327.985 eV/particle 367.5 eV/particle 1,761.80481 eV/particle 1,962.664 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	131.8 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	9.2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	147.1 kJ/mol
ઈલેક્ટ્રોન

electron shell	2, 8, 2

valence electron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ne] 3s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

oxidation number	0, 1, 2
વિદ્યુતઋણતા	7.646 eV/particle 0.121644 1.31
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	1,363.15 K
Melting Point	923.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
color	Black #228b22 #8aff00 #8aff00
appearance	shiny grey solid
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	156 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0.0000248 1/K
molar heat capacity	24.869 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1.023 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	23 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0.00000004399999999999 Ω*m
superconductivity
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000069 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000000168 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.000012
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.21 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness	260 MPa 2.5 MPa
bulk modulus	45 GPa
shear modulus	17 GPa
Young's modulus	45 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0.29
અવાજની ઝડપ	4,602 m/s
classification
Category	Actinides, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	73
Mendeleev Number	76
Pettifor Number	73
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	797.3 kJ/mol
polarizability	71.2 ± 0.4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	626 a₀ 629 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0.063
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0001
quantum number	1S0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Magnesium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	3

¹⁹Mg

mass number	19
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	19.03417992 ± 0.000064413 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5 ± 3 ps
પ્રચક્રણ	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	2007
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

²⁰Mg

mass number	20
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	20.018763075 ± 0.000002 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	90.4 ± 0.5 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1974
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	30.3%

²¹Mg

mass number	21
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	21.011705764 ± 0.00000081 Da
g-factor	-0.3932 ± 0.0028
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	120 ± 0.4 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
શોધની તારીખ	1963
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.1%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.116%
B+pA	0.016%

²²Mg

mass number	22
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	21.999570597 ± 0.00000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.8745 ± 0.0007 s
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1961
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²³Mg

mass number	23
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	22.994123768 ± 0.000000034 Da
g-factor	-0.35753333333333 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11.3039 ± 0.0032 s
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.114 ± 0.003
શોધની તારીખ	1939
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁴Mg

mass number	24
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	23.985041689 ± 0.000000013 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	78.965 ± 0.049
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1920
પૅરિટી	+

²⁵Mg

mass number	25
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	24.985836966 ± 0.00000005 Da
g-factor	-0.342132 ± 0.000012
natural abundance	10.011 ± 0.013
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
પ્રચક્રણ	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.199 ± 0.002
શોધની તારીખ	1920
પૅરિટી	+

²⁶Mg

mass number	26
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	25.982592972 ± 0.000000031 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	11.025 ± 0.038
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1920
પૅરિટી	+

²⁷Mg

mass number	27
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	26.984340647 ± 0.00000005 Da
g-factor	-0.8212 ± 0.003
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	9.435 ± 0.027 m
પ્રચક્રણ	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1934
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁸Mg

mass number	28
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	27.983875426 ± 0.00000028 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	20.915 ± 0.009 h
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1953
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁹Mg

mass number	29
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	28.988607163 ± 0.000000369 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.3 ± 0.12 s
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.16 ± 0.04
શોધની તારીખ	1971
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁰Mg

mass number	30
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	29.990465454 ± 0.00000139 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	317 ± 4 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1971
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.06%

³¹Mg

mass number	31
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	30.996648232 ± 0.0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	270 ± 2 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1977
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.2%

³²Mg

mass number	32
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	31.999110138 ± 0.0000035 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	80.4 ± 0.4 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1977
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5.5%

³³Mg

mass number	33
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	33.005327862 ± 0.000002859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	92 ± 1.2 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.13 ± 0.09
શોધની તારીખ	1979
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	14%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁴Mg

mass number	34
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	34.008935455 ± 0.0000074 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	44.9 ± 0.4 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1979
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	21%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.1%

³⁵Mg

mass number	35
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	35.01679 ± 0.0002895 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11.3 ± 0.6 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
શોધની તારીખ	1989
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	52%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁶Mg

mass number	36
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	36.021879 ± 0.000741 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.9 ± 1.3 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1989
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	48%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁷Mg

mass number	37
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	37.030286265 ± 0.00075035 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8 ± 4 ms
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
શોધની તારીખ	1996
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Mg

mass number	38
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	38.03658 ± 0.00054 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	1997
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁹Mg

mass number	39
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	39.045921 ± 0.000551 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
પ્રચક્રણ	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
શોધની તારીખ
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

⁴⁰Mg

mass number	40
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	40.053194 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
પ્રચક્રણ	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
શોધની તારીખ	2007
પૅરિટી	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Mg

mass number	41
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	41.062373 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
પ્રચક્રણ	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
શોધની તારીખ
પૅરિટી	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

ઈતિહાસ

શોધક અથવા સંશોધક	Sir Humphrey Davy
શોધનું સ્થળ	England
શોધની તારીખ	1808
etymology	From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
ઉચ્ચાર	mag-NEE-zih-em (અંગ્રેજી)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	23,300 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	1,290 mg/L
natural abundance (માનવ શરીર)	0.027 %
natural abundance (ઉલ્કા)	12 %
natural abundance (સૂર્ય)	0.07 %
Abundance in Universe	0.06 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3911
2	p	4.1742
2	s	4.608
3	s	8.6925

મૅગ્નેશિયમનો on ChemicalAid

મૅગ્નેશિયમનો (Mg)

Physical Property

રાસાયણિક ગુણધર્મ

other

Isotopes of Magnesium

19Mg

20Mg

21Mg

22Mg

23Mg

24Mg

25Mg

26Mg

27Mg

28Mg

29Mg

30Mg

31Mg

32Mg

33Mg

34Mg

35Mg

36Mg

37Mg

38Mg

39Mg

40Mg

41Mg

ઈતિહાસ

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹⁹Mg

²⁰Mg

²¹Mg

²²Mg

²³Mg

²⁴Mg

²⁵Mg

²⁶Mg

²⁷Mg

²⁸Mg

²⁹Mg

³⁰Mg

³¹Mg

³²Mg

³³Mg

³⁴Mg

³⁵Mg

³⁶Mg

³⁷Mg

³⁸Mg

³⁹Mg

⁴⁰Mg

⁴¹Mg