Magnijs (Mg)

ķīmiskais elements ar simbolu Mg un atomskaitli 12

Atomic Number	12
Atomic Weight	24.305
Masas skaitlis	24

Group	2
Period	3
Block	s

protons	12 p⁺
neitrons	12 n⁰
elektrons	12 e^-

Animated Bora atoma struktūras modelis of Mg (Magnijs)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Atoma Rādiuss	150 pm 240 pm
molar volume	14 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	139 pm 132 pm 127 pm 142 pm 141 pm
Metallic Radius	136 pm 160 pm
ionic radius	57 pm 66 pm 72 pm 89 pm
Crystal Radius	71 pm 80 pm 86 pm 103 pm
Van der Waals radius	220 pm 173 pm 173 pm 243 pm 302,1 pm
blīvums	1,74 g/cm³ 1 584 kg/m³

Chemical Property

enerģija

proton affinity	819,6 kJ/mol
Elektrontieksme
jonizācijas potenciāls	7,646235 eV/particle 15,035267 eV/particle 80,1436 eV/particle 109,2654 eV/particle 141,335 eV/particle 186,76 eV/particle 225,015 eV/particle 265,924 eV/particle 327,985 eV/particle 367,5 eV/particle 1 761,80481 eV/particle 1 962,664 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	131,8 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	9,2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	147,1 kJ/mol
elektrons

electron shell	2, 8, 2

vērtības elektrons	2 ⓘ

elektronu konfigurācija	[Ne] 3s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Oksidēšanas pakāpe	0, 1, 2
elektronegativitāte	7,646 eV/particle 0.121644 1.31
Electrophilicity Index
fundamentālais agregātstāvoklis

agregātstāvoklis	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	1 363,15 K
Melting Point	923,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trīskāršais punkts
appearance
krāsa	Silver #228b22 #8aff00 #8aff00
appearance	shiny grey solid
Laušanas koeficients
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	156 W/(m K)
Termiskā izplešanās	0,0000248 1/K
Molārā siltumietilpība	24,869 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1,023 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	23 MS/m
īpatnējā pretestība	0,00000004399999999999 Ω*m
Supravadītspēja
Magnētisms
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000069 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000168 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,000012
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
struktūra
Crystal Structure	Simple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant	3,21 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Cietība	260 MPa 2,5 MPa
tilpuma elastības modulis	45 GPa
shear modulus	17 GPa
Junga modulis	45 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0,29
skaņas ātrums	4 602 m/s
klasifikācija
Category	Alkaline earth metals, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	73
Mendeleev Number	76
Pettifor Number	73
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	797,3 kJ/mol
polarizability	71,2 ± 0,4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	626 a₀ 629 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,063
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0001
quantum number	1S0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Magnesium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	3

¹⁹Mg

Masas skaitlis	19
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	19,03417992 ± 0,000064413 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	5 ± 3 ps
spins	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	2007
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

²⁰Mg

Masas skaitlis	20
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	20,018763075 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	90,4 ± 0,5 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1974
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	30.3%

²¹Mg

Masas skaitlis	21
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	21,011705764 ± 0,00000081 Da
g-factor	-0,3932 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	120 ± 0,4 ms
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1963
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.1%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.116%
B+pA	0.016%

²²Mg

Masas skaitlis	22
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	21,999570597 ± 0,00000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	3,8745 ± 0,0007 s
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1961
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²³Mg

Masas skaitlis	23
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	22,994123768 ± 0,000000034 Da
g-factor	-0,35753333333333 ± 0,0002
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	11,3039 ± 0,0032 s
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,114 ± 0,003
atklāšanas datums	1939
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁴Mg

Masas skaitlis	24
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	23,985041689 ± 0,000000013 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	78,965 ± 0,049
radioaktivitāte	stable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periods	Not Radioactive ☢️
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1920
parity	+

²⁵Mg

Masas skaitlis	25
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	24,985836966 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	-0,342132 ± 0,000012
natural abundance	10,011 ± 0,013
radioaktivitāte	stable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periods	Not Radioactive ☢️
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,199 ± 0,002
atklāšanas datums	1920
parity	+

²⁶Mg

Masas skaitlis	26
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	25,982592972 ± 0,000000031 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	11,025 ± 0,038
radioaktivitāte	stable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periods	Not Radioactive ☢️
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1920
parity	+

²⁷Mg

Masas skaitlis	27
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	26,984340647 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	-0,8212 ± 0,003
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	9,435 ± 0,027 m
spins	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1934
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁸Mg

Masas skaitlis	28
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	27,983875426 ± 0,00000028 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	20,915 ± 0,009 h
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1953
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁹Mg

Masas skaitlis	29
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	28,988607163 ± 0,000000369 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	1,3 ± 0,12 s
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,16 ± 0,04
atklāšanas datums	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁰Mg

Masas skaitlis	30
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	29,990465454 ± 0,00000139 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	317 ± 4 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.06%

³¹Mg

Masas skaitlis	31
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	30,996648232 ± 0,0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	270 ± 2 ms
spins	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1977
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.2%

³²Mg

Masas skaitlis	32
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	31,999110138 ± 0,0000035 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	80,4 ± 0,4 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1977
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5.5%

³³Mg

Masas skaitlis	33
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	33,005327862 ± 0,000002859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	92 ± 1,2 ms
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,13 ± 0,09
atklāšanas datums	1979
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	14%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁴Mg

Masas skaitlis	34
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	34,008935455 ± 0,0000074 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	44,9 ± 0,4 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1979
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	21%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.1%

³⁵Mg

Masas skaitlis	35
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	35,01679 ± 0,0002895 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	11,3 ± 0,6 ms
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1989
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	52%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁶Mg

Masas skaitlis	36
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	36,021879 ± 0,000741 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	3,9 ± 1,3 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1989
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	48%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁷Mg

Masas skaitlis	37
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	37,030286265 ± 0,00075035 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	8 ± 4 ms
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1996
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Mg

Masas skaitlis	38
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	38,03658 ± 0,00054 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁹Mg

Masas skaitlis	39
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	39,045921 ± 0,000551 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

⁴⁰Mg

Masas skaitlis	40
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	40,053194 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	2007
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Mg

Masas skaitlis	41
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	41,062373 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

vēsture

atklājējs vai izgudrotājs	Sir Humphrey Davy
atraduma atrašanās vieta	England
atklāšanas datums	1808
Etimoloģija	From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
izruna	mag-NEE-zih-em (angļu)

avots

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	23 300 mg/kg
natural abundance (okeāns)	1 290 mg/L
natural abundance (cilvēka ķermenis)	0,027 %
natural abundance (meteoroīds)	12 %
natural abundance (Saule)	0,07 %
Abundance in Universe	0,06 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3911
2	p	4.1742
2	s	4.608
3	s	8.6925

Magnijs on ChemicalAid

AAT ID	300011024
Austrālijas Izglītības vārdnīcas identifikators	scot/3540
BNCF	34769
BNE identifikators	XX530348
BNF kods	119771902
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	magnesium
CAS reģistrācijas numurs	7439-95-4
ChEBI ID	25107
ChemSpider ID	4575328
CosIng number	87337
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID70876310
DSSTox identifikators	DTXSID0049658
Den Store Danske ID	magnesium
Drugbank ID	14513
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.276
Enciklopēdijas "Krugosvet" raksts	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/MAGNI.html
Encyclopedia of China ID (Second Edition)	220792
Encyclopædia Britannica tiešsaistes ID	science/magnesium
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	magnesium
English Vikidia ID	Magnesium
EuroVoc ID	1736
Freebase identifikators	/m/025s0s0
French Vikidia ID	Magnésium
GND identifikators	4128915-8
Golden ID	Magnesium-6GEP
HCIS ID	2785
HSDB ID	654
ICSC ID	0701
ICSC ID	0289
InChI	InChI=1S/Mg
InChIKey	FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Italian Vikidia ID	Magnesio
KBpedia ID	Magnesium
Katalāņu Lielās enciklopēdijas kods	0233796
Krievijas Lielās enciklopēdijas tiešsaistes kods	2152449
LCCN identifikators	sh85079651
Latvijas Nacionālās enciklopēdijas tiešsaistes ID	94910
MeSH ID	D008274
Mindat mineral ID	52650
NALT ID	6422
NDF-RT ID	N0000146038
NDL identifikators	00567385
NE.se ID	magnesium
NKC identifikators	ph120851
Namuwiki ID	마그네슘
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007543565105171
OmegaWiki definētā nozīme	158358
OpenAlex ID	C543218039
Open Food Facts ingredient ID	magnesium
PACTOLS thesaurus ID	pcrtQe4n9vGjl0
PSH ID	5751
PatientsLikeMe treatment ID	magnesium
PubChem ID (CID)	5462224
Quora temata ID	Magnesium
RxNorm ID	6574
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	14300-4
Spanish Vikidia ID	Magnesio
Store norske leksikon ID	magnesium
Treccani ID	magnesio
U.S. National Archives Identifier	10646571
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	11483
UMLS CUI	C0024467
UNII	I38ZP9992A
USGS Thesaurus ID	1498
WikiSkripta ID	1272
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14668427-n
YSO ID	3518
ZVG number	500042
ZVG number	8090
ZVG number	7120

Magnijs (Mg)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Magnesium

19Mg

20Mg

21Mg

22Mg

23Mg

24Mg

25Mg

26Mg

27Mg

28Mg

29Mg

30Mg

31Mg

32Mg

33Mg

34Mg

35Mg

36Mg

37Mg

38Mg

39Mg

40Mg

41Mg

vēsture

avots

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹⁹Mg

²⁰Mg

²¹Mg

²²Mg

²³Mg

²⁴Mg

²⁵Mg

²⁶Mg

²⁷Mg

²⁸Mg

²⁹Mg

³⁰Mg

³¹Mg

³²Mg

³³Mg

³⁴Mg

³⁵Mg

³⁶Mg

³⁷Mg

³⁸Mg

³⁹Mg

⁴⁰Mg

⁴¹Mg