Magnesium

Magnesium (Mg)

grundämne
Atomnummer12
Atommassa24.305
masstal24
Grupp2
Period3
Blocks
Protoner12 p+
Neutroner12 n0
Electrons12 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Mg (Magnesium)

Egenskaper

fysisk egenskap
atomradie
150 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
139 pm
Metallic Radius
136 pm
ionic radius
57 pm
Crystal Radius
71 pm
Van der Waalsradie
173 pm
densitet
1,74 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
819,6 kJ/mol
Elektronaffinitet
joniseringsenergi
7,646235 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Mg (Magnesium)
ångbildningsvärme
131,8 kJ/mol
smältvärme
9,2 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
147,1 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 2
Bohrs atommodell: Mg (Magnesium)
valenselektron2
Elektronformel: Mg (Magnesium)
elektronkonfiguration[Ne] 3s2
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Mg (Magnesium)
Orbital Diagram of Mg (Magnesium)
oxidationstal0, 1, 2
elektronegativitet
1.31
Electrophilicity
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
1 363,15 K
Smältpunkt
923,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Silver
appearanceshiny grey solid
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
termisk expansion
0,0000248 1/K
molar heat capacity
24,869 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
1,023 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
23 MS/m
resistivitet
0,00000004399999999999 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typeparamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
0,0000000069 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
0,000000000168 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
0,000012
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturEnkelt hexagonalt (HEX)
Gitterkonstant
3,21 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
2,5 MPa
Kompressibilitet
45 GPa
skjuvmodul
17 GPa
Young's modulus
45 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,29
ljudhastighet
4 602 m/s
klassificering
KategoriAlkaliska jordmetaller, Alkaline earth metals
CAS GroupIIA
IUPAC GroupIIA
Glawe Number73
Mendeleev Number76
Pettifor Number73
Geochemical Classmajor
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
797,3 kJ/mol
Dipole Polarizability
71,2 ± 0,4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
626 a₀
Allotropes
Träffyta
0,063
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0001
kvanttal1S0
rymdgrupp194 (P63/mmc)

Magnesiumisotoper

Stabila isotoper3
Instabila isotoper20
Radioactive Isotopes18

19Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
19,03417992 ± 0,000064413 Da
masstal19
g-factor
Halveringstid
5 ± 3 ps
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2007
Paritet-

19Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
2p (2-proton emission)100%

20Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
20,018763075 ± 0,000002 Da
masstal20
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
90,4 ± 0,5 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1974
Paritet+

20Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)30.3%

21Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
21,011705764 ± 0,00000081 Da
masstal21
g-factor
−0,3932 ± 0,0028
Halveringstid
120 ± 0,4 ms
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet+

21Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)20.1%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)0.116%
B+pA0.016%

22Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
21,999570597 ± 0,00000017 Da
masstal22
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
3,8745 ± 0,0007 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1961
Paritet+

22Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

23Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
22,994123768 ± 0,000000034 Da
masstal23
g-factor
−0,35753333333333 ± 0,0002
Halveringstid
11,3039 ± 0,0032 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,114 ± 0,003
upptäcktsdatum1939
Paritet+

23Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

24Mg

natural abundance
78,965 ± 0,049
relative atomic mass
23,985041689 ± 0,000000013 Da
masstal24
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1920
Paritet+

25Mg

natural abundance
10,011 ± 0,013
relative atomic mass
24,985836966 ± 0,00000005 Da
masstal25
g-factor
−0,342132 ± 0,000012
Halveringstid
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,199 ± 0,002
upptäcktsdatum1920
Paritet+

26Mg

natural abundance
11,025 ± 0,038
relative atomic mass
25,982592972 ± 0,000000031 Da
masstal26
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1920
Paritet+

27Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
26,984340647 ± 0,00000005 Da
masstal27
g-factor
−0,8212 ± 0,003
Halveringstid
9,435 ± 0,027 m
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1934
Paritet+

27Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

28Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
27,983875426 ± 0,00000028 Da
masstal28
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
20,915 ± 0,009 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1953
Paritet+

28Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

29Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
28,988607163 ± 0,000000369 Da
masstal29
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,3 ± 0,12 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,16 ± 0,04
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+

29Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

30Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
29,990465454 ± 0,00000139 Da
masstal30
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
317 ± 4 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+

30Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.06%

31Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
30,996648232 ± 0,0000033 Da
masstal31
g-factor
Halveringstid
270 ± 2 ms
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1977
Paritet+

31Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6.2%

32Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
31,999110138 ± 0,0000035 Da
masstal32
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
80,4 ± 0,4 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1977
Paritet+

32Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)5.5%

33Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
33,005327862 ± 0,000002859 Da
masstal33
g-factor
Halveringstid
92 ± 1,2 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,13 ± 0,09
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet-

33Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)14%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

34Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
34,008935455 ± 0,0000074 Da
masstal34
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
44,9 ± 0,4 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet+

34Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)21%
2n (2-neutron emission)0.1%

35Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
35,01679 ± 0,0002895 Da
masstal35
g-factor
Halveringstid
11,3 ± 0,6 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet-

35Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)52%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

36Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
36,021879 ± 0,000741 Da
masstal36
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
3,9 ± 1,3 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet+

36Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)48%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

37Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
37,030286265 ± 0,00075035 Da
masstal37
g-factor
Halveringstid
8 ± 4 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1996
Paritet-

37Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

38Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
38,03658 ± 0,00054 Da
masstal38
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

38Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

39Mg

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
39,045921 ± 0,000551 Da
masstal39
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet-

39Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
n (neutron emission)%
β (β decay)%

40Mg

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
40,053194 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal40
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2007
Paritet+

40Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

41Mg

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
41,062373 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal41
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet-

41Mg Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
Magnesium crystals

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareSir Humphrey Davy
fyndplatsEngland
upptäcktsdatum1808
etymologiFrom Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
uttalmag-NEE-zih-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
23 300 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
1 290 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
0,027 %
Abundance in Meteor
12 %
Abundance in Sun
0,07 %
Abundance in Universe
0,06 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.3911
2p4.1742
2s4.608
3s8.6925