Molybdenum (Mo)

chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42

Atomic Number	42
Atomic Weight	95.95
mass number	98

Group	6
Period	5
Block	d

proton	42 p⁺
neutron	56 n⁰
electron	42 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	145 pm 244 pm
molar volume	9.4 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	138 pm 121 pm 113 pm 154 pm
Metallic Radius	130 pm 139 pm
ionic radius	69 pm 65 pm 46 pm 61 pm 41 pm 50 pm 59 pm 73 pm
Crystal Radius	83 pm 79 pm 60 pm 75 pm 55 pm 64 pm 73 pm 87 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm 217 pm 239 pm 305.2 pm
density	10.2 g/cm³ 9330 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity
electron affinity	0.748 eV/particle
ionization energy	7.09243 eV/particle 16.16 eV/particle 27.13 eV/particle 40.33 eV/particle 54.485 eV/particle 68.82704 eV/particle 125.638 eV/particle 143.6 eV/particle 164.12 eV/particle 186.3 eV/particle 209.3 eV/particle 230.28 eV/particle 279.1 eV/particle 302.6 eV/particle 544 eV/particle 591 eV/particle 646 eV/particle 702 eV/particle 758 eV/particle 829 eV/particle 890 eV/particle 953 eV/particle 1019 eV/particle 1082 eV/particle 1263 eV/particle 1319.6 eV/particle 1385.1 eV/particle 1462 eV/particle 1537 eV/particle 1587 eV/particle 1730.1 eV/particle 1790.932 eV/particle 4259 eV/particle 4430 eV/particle 4618 eV/particle 4800 eV/particle 5084 eV/particle 5287 eV/particle 5548 eV/particle 5713.194 eV/particle 23810.653 eV/particle 24572.15 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	590 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	28 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	658.98 kJ/mol
electron

Tegimen electronicum	2, 8, 18, 13, 1

valence electron	1 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d⁵ 5s¹

oxidation number	-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
electronegativity	8.71 eV/particle 0.1312672 2.16
Electrophilicity Index	1.2111478608972754 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	4912.15 K
Melting Point	2895.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Punctum triplex
appearance
Color	Black #ff1493 #54b5b5 #54b5b5
appearance	gray metallic
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion	0.0000048 1/K
molar heat capacity	24.06 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.251 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	20 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0.00000004999999999997 Ω*m
Superconductrum	0.915 K
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000117 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000001122 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.0001203
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.15 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	1500 MPa 5.5 MPa 1530 MPa
bulk modulus	230 GPa
shear modulus	120 GPa
Young's modulus	329 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0.31
celeritas soni	6190 m/s
classificare
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIA
IUPAC Group	VIB
Glawe Number	56
Mendeleev Number	52
Pettifor Number	55
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	87 ± 6 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	1030 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	2.6
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0009
quantum number	7S3
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Molybdenum

Stable Isotopes	4
Unstable Isotopes	35
Natural Isotopes	7

⁸¹Mo

mass number	81
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	80.966226 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2013
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸²Mo

mass number	82
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	81.956661 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	2013
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸³Mo

mass number	83
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	82.950252 ± 0.00043 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	23 ± 19 ms
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1999
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁴Mo

mass number	84
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	83.941846 ± 0.00032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.3 ± 0.3 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1991
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁵Mo

mass number	85
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	84.938260736 ± 0.000017 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.2 ± 0.2 s
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.14%

⁸⁶Mo

mass number	86
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	85.931174092 ± 0.000003147 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	19.1 ± 0.3 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1991
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁷Mo

mass number	87
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	86.928196198 ± 0.000003067 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	14.1 ± 0.3 s
Volubilitas	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1977
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	15%

⁸⁸Mo

mass number	88
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	87.921967779 ± 0.0000041 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8 ± 0.2 m
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁹Mo

mass number	89
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	88.919468149 ± 0.0000042 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.11 ± 0.1 m
Volubilitas	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1980
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁰Mo

mass number	90
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	89.91393127 ± 0.000003717 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5.56 ± 0.09 h
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1953
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹¹Mo

mass number	91
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	90.91174519 ± 0.000006696 Da
g-factor	-0.20688888888889 ± 0.00066666666666667
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	15.49 ± 0.01 m
Volubilitas	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1948
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹²Mo

mass number	92
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	91.906807153 ± 0.000000168 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	14.649 ± 0.106
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁹³Mo

mass number	93
neutron number	51
Relative Atomic Mass	92.906808772 ± 0.000000193 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4 ± 0.8 ky
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1946
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁹⁴Mo

mass number	94
neutron number	52
Relative Atomic Mass	93.905083586 ± 0.000000151 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	9.187 ± 0.033
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1930
parity	+

⁹⁵Mo

mass number	95
neutron number	53
Relative Atomic Mass	94.905837436 ± 0.000000132 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	15.873 ± 0.03
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.022 ± 0.001
repertus	1930
parity	+

⁹⁶Mo

mass number	96
neutron number	54
Relative Atomic Mass	95.90467477 ± 0.000000128 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	16.673 ± 0.008
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1930
parity	+

⁹⁷Mo

mass number	97
neutron number	55
Relative Atomic Mass	96.906016903 ± 0.000000176 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	9.582 ± 0.015
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.255 ± 0.013
repertus	1930
parity	+

⁹⁸Mo

mass number	98
neutron number	56
Relative Atomic Mass	97.905403609 ± 0.000000186 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	24.292 ± 0.08
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

⁹⁹Mo

mass number	99
neutron number	57
Relative Atomic Mass	98.907707299 ± 0.000000245 Da
g-factor	0.75 ± 0.006
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	65.932 ± 0.005 h
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1948
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁰Mo

mass number	100
neutron number	58
Relative Atomic Mass	99.907467982 ± 0.000000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	9.744 ± 0.065
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	7.07 ± 0.14 Ey
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰¹Mo

mass number	101
neutron number	59
Relative Atomic Mass	100.910337648 ± 0.000000331 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	14.61 ± 0.03 m
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1941
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰²Mo

mass number	102
neutron number	60
Relative Atomic Mass	101.910293725 ± 0.000008916 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11.3 ± 0.2 m
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1954
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰³Mo

mass number	103
neutron number	61
Relative Atomic Mass	102.913091954 ± 0.0000099 Da
g-factor	-0.18 ± 0.013333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	67.5 ± 1.5 s
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1963
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁴Mo

mass number	104
neutron number	62
Relative Atomic Mass	103.913747443 ± 0.000009566 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	60 ± 2 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1962
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁵Mo

mass number	105
neutron number	63
Relative Atomic Mass	104.916981989 ± 0.000009721 Da
g-factor	-0.22 ± 0.008
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	36.3 ± 0.8 s
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1962
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁶Mo

mass number	106
neutron number	64
Relative Atomic Mass	105.918273231 ± 0.000009801 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8.73 ± 0.12 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1969
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁷Mo

mass number	107
neutron number	65
Relative Atomic Mass	106.92211977 ± 0.000009901 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.5 ± 0.5 s
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1972
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁸Mo

mass number	108
neutron number	66
Relative Atomic Mass	107.924047508 ± 0.000009901 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.105 ± 0.01 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1972
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.5%

¹⁰⁹Mo

mass number	109
neutron number	67
Relative Atomic Mass	108.928438318 ± 0.000012 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	700 ± 14 ms
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1.3%

¹¹⁰Mo

mass number	110
neutron number	68
Relative Atomic Mass	109.930717956 ± 0.000026 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	292 ± 7 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2%

¹¹¹Mo

mass number	111
neutron number	69
Relative Atomic Mass	110.935651966 ± 0.000013503 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	193.6 ± 4.4 ms
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	12%

¹¹²Mo

mass number	112
neutron number	70
Relative Atomic Mass	111.938293 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	125 ± 5 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹³Mo

mass number	113
neutron number	71
Relative Atomic Mass	112.943478 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	80 ± 2 ms
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁴Mo

mass number	114
neutron number	72
Relative Atomic Mass	113.946666 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	58 ± 2 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁵Mo

mass number	115
neutron number	73
Relative Atomic Mass	114.952174 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	45.5 ± 2 ms
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁶Mo

mass number	116
neutron number	74
Relative Atomic Mass	115.955759 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	32 ± 4 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁷Mo

mass number	117
neutron number	75
Relative Atomic Mass	116.961686 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	22 ± 5 ms
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁸Mo

mass number	118
neutron number	76
Relative Atomic Mass	117.965249 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	21 ± 6 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	2015
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁹Mo

mass number	119
neutron number	77
Relative Atomic Mass	118.971465 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2018
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historia

inventor	Carl Wilhelm Scheele
location of discovery	Sweden
repertus	1778
Etymologia	Greek: molybdos (lead).
pronunciation	meh-LIB-deh-nem (English)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	1.2 mg/kg
natural abundance (Oceanus)	0.01 mg/L
natural abundance (Corpus humanum)	0.00001 %
natural abundance (Meteoroides)	0.00012 %
natural abundance (Sol)	0.0000009 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.8744
2	p	4.0282
2	s	11.1232
3	d	14.7717
3	p	16.5264
3	s	16.0185
4	d	30.6076
4	p	27.0232
4	s	25.9036
5	s	35.894

Molybdenum on ChemicalAid

Molybdenum (Mo)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Molybdenum

81Mo

82Mo

83Mo

84Mo

85Mo

86Mo

87Mo

88Mo

89Mo

90Mo

91Mo

92Mo

93Mo

94Mo

95Mo

96Mo

97Mo

98Mo

99Mo

100Mo

101Mo

102Mo

103Mo

104Mo

105Mo

106Mo

107Mo

108Mo

109Mo

110Mo

111Mo

112Mo

113Mo

114Mo

115Mo

116Mo

117Mo

118Mo

119Mo

historia

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁸¹Mo

⁸²Mo

⁸³Mo

⁸⁴Mo

⁸⁵Mo

⁸⁶Mo

⁸⁷Mo

⁸⁸Mo

⁸⁹Mo

⁹⁰Mo

⁹¹Mo

⁹²Mo

⁹³Mo

⁹⁴Mo

⁹⁵Mo

⁹⁶Mo

⁹⁷Mo

⁹⁸Mo

⁹⁹Mo

¹⁰⁰Mo

¹⁰¹Mo

¹⁰²Mo

¹⁰³Mo

¹⁰⁴Mo

¹⁰⁵Mo

¹⁰⁶Mo

¹⁰⁷Mo

¹⁰⁸Mo

¹⁰⁹Mo

¹¹⁰Mo

¹¹¹Mo

¹¹²Mo

¹¹³Mo

¹¹⁴Mo

¹¹⁵Mo

¹¹⁶Mo

¹¹⁷Mo

¹¹⁸Mo

¹¹⁹Mo