Atomic Number | 10 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 20.1797 |
Mass Number | 20 |
Group | 18 |
---|---|
Period | 2 |
Block | p |
Protons | 10 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 10 n0 |
Electrons | 10 e- |
Atomic Radius | 160 pm
|
---|---|
Molar Volume | 16.8 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 67 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | |
Crystal Radius | |
Van der Waals Radius |
154 pm
|
Density | 0.000825 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | 198.8 kJ/mol
|
Electron Affinity | |
Ionization Energy | 21.56454 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 1.74 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | |
Heat of Formation | |
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8 |
Valence Electrons | 8 |
Electron Configuration | [He] 2s2 2p6 |
Oxidation States | |
Electronegativity | |
Electrophilicity | |
Phases | |
Phase | Gas |
Gas Phase | Monoatomic |
Boiling Point | 27.104 K
|
Melting Point | 24.56 K
|
Critical Pressure | 2.6786 MPa
|
Critical Temperature | 44.492 K
|
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Color | Colorless
|
Appearance | colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in a high voltage electric field |
Refractive Index | 1.000067
|
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | |
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | 20.786 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 1.03 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | 5/3 |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | diamagnetic |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | -0.0000000041 m³/Kg
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | -0.0000000000827 m³/mol
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | -0.00000000369
|
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
Lattice Constant | 4.43 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | 936 m/s
|
Classification | |
Category | Noble gases, Noble gases |
CAS Group | VIII |
IUPAC Group | VIIIA |
Glawe Number | 2 |
Mendeleev Number | 113 |
Pettifor Number | 2 |
Geochemical Class | volatile |
Goldschmidt Class | atmophile |
Other | |
Gas Basicity | 174.4 kJ/mol
|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | 6.2 a₀
|
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 0.04
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.00059
|
Quantum Numbers | 1S0 |
Space Group | 225 (Fm_3m) |
Stable Isotopes | 3 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 17 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 16 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 15 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 770 ± 300 ys
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2014 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2p (2-proton emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 16 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1977 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2p (2-proton emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 17 |
G-Factor | 1.5746 ± 0.0028
|
Half Life | 109.2 ± 0.6 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1963 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 94.4% |
β+α (β+-delayed α emission) | 3.51% |
B+pA | 0.014% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 18 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 1,664.2 ± 0.47 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1954 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 19 |
G-Factor | -3.7703 ± 0.00014
|
Half Life | 17.2569 ± 0.0019 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | 90.48 ± 0.03
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 20 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1913 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 0.27 ± 0.01
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 21 |
G-Factor | -0.44113333333333 ± 0.00002
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1928 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 9.25 ± 0.03
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 22 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1913 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 23 |
G-Factor | -0.43176 ± 0.0004
|
Half Life | 37.15 ± 0.03 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.145 ± 0.013
|
Discovery Year | 1936 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 24 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 3.38 ± 0.02 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1956 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 25 |
G-Factor | -2.012 ± 0.001
|
Half Life | 602 ± 8 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 26 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 197 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.13% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 27 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 30.9 ± 1.1 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1977 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 2% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 28 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 18.8 ± 0.2 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1979 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 12% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | 3.7% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 29 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 14.7 ± 0.4 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1985 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 28% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | 4% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 30 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 7.22 ± 0.18 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1985 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 13% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | 8.9% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 31 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 3.4 ± 0.8 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1996 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 32 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 3.5 ± 0.9 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1990 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 33 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
n (neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 34 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2002 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
Neon was discovered in 1898 by the British chemists Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers in London. It was discovered when Ramsay chilled a sample of air until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off. After 1902, Georges Claude's company, Air Liquide, was producing industrial quantities of neon as a byproduct of his air liquefaction business. From the Greek word neos, new
Discoverers | Sir William Ramsey, M.W. Travers |
---|---|
Discovery Location | England |
Discovery Year | 1898 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Greek: neos (new). |
Pronunciation | NEE-on (English) |
1 | s | 0.3579 |
2 | p | 4.2416 |
2 | s | 4.2416 |