Nikkel

Nikkel (Ni)

chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28
Atomic Number28
Atomic Weight58.6934
massiarv58
Group10
Period4
Blockd
prooton28 p+
neutron30 n0
elektron28 e-
Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Ni (Nikkel)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius
molaarruumala
Covalent Radius
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
density
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Nikkel0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200pmAatomiraadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Keemilised Omadused

energia
proton affinity
Elektronafiinsus
ionization energy
ionization energy of Ni (Nikkel)
aurustumissoojus
sulamissoojus
standard enthalpy of formation
elektron
elektronkiht2, 8, 16, 2
Bohri aatomiteooria: Ni (Nikkel)
valentselektron2
Lewis structure: Ni (Nikkel)
elektronkonfiguratsioon[Ar] 3d8 4s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d8 4s2
Enhanced Bohri aatomiteooria of Ni (Nikkel)
Orbital Diagram of Ni (Nikkel)
oksüdatsiooniaste-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
elektronegatiivsus
1.91
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus
Gray
Välimuslustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
soojuspaisumine
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Elektrijuhtivus
Eritakistus
Ülijuhtivus
Magnetism
typeferromagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
kõvadus
Ruumpaisumismoodul
Nihkeelastsusmoodul
Normaalelastsusmoodul
Poissoni tegur
0,31
heli kiirus
Klassifitseerimine
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number69
Mendeleev Number67
Pettifor Number67
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile

teine

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
4,5
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0026
Kvantarv3F4
space group225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Nickel

Stable Isotopes4
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes5
Isotopic Composition5868.08%5868.08%6026.22%6026.22%623.63%623.63%611.14%611.14%640.93%640.93%

48Ni

massiarv48
neutron number20
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
2,8 ± 0,8 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2000
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)70%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)30%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

49Ni

massiarv49
neutron number21
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
7,5 ± 1 ms
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1996
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)83.4%

50Ni

massiarv50
neutron number22
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
18,5 ± 1,2 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1994
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)73%
2p (2-proton emission)14%

51Ni

massiarv51
neutron number23
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
23,8 ± 0,2 ms
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1987
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)87.2%
2p (2-proton emission)0.5%

52Ni

massiarv52
neutron number24
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
41,8 ± 1 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)31.1%

53Ni

massiarv53
neutron number25
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
55,2 ± 0,7 ms
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1976
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)22.7%

54Ni

massiarv54
neutron number26
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
114,1 ± 0,3 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1977
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

55Ni

massiarv55
neutron number27
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,28 ± 0,0085714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
203,9 ± 1,3 ms
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1972
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

56Ni

massiarv56
neutron number28
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
6,075 ± 0,01 d
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1952
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

57Ni

massiarv57
neutron number29
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
−0,53166666666667 ± 0,00093333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
35,6 ± 0,06 h
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1938
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

58Ni

massiarv58
neutron number30
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
68,0769 ± 0,019
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1921
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
+ (double β+ decay)

59Ni

massiarv59
neutron number31
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
81 ± 5 ky
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1951
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

60Ni

massiarv60
neutron number32
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
26,2231 ± 0,015
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1921
parity+

61Ni

massiarv61
neutron number33
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
1,1399 ± 0,0013
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,162 ± 0,015
avastamise aeg1934
parity-

62Ni

massiarv62
neutron number34
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
3,6345 ± 0,004
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1934
parity+

63Ni

massiarv63
neutron number35
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,992 ± 0,01
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
101,2 ± 1,5 y
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1951
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

64Ni

massiarv64
neutron number36
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,9256 ± 0,0019
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1935
parity+

65Ni

massiarv65
neutron number37
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,276 ± 0,024
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
2,5175 ± 0,0005 h
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1946
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

66Ni

massiarv66
neutron number38
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
54,6 ± 0,3 h
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1948
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

67Ni

massiarv67
neutron number39
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,202 ± 0,01
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
21 ± 1 s
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1978
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

68Ni

massiarv68
neutron number40
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
29 ± 2 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1977
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

69Ni

massiarv69
neutron number41
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
11,4 ± 0,3 s
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1984
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

70Ni

massiarv70
neutron number42
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
6 ± 0,3 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

71Ni

massiarv71
neutron number43
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
2,56 ± 0,03 s
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

72Ni

massiarv72
neutron number44
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
1,57 ± 0,05 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

73Ni

massiarv73
neutron number45
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
840 ± 30 ms
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

74Ni

massiarv74
neutron number46
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
507,7 ± 4,6 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1987
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

75Ni

massiarv75
neutron number47
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
331,6 ± 3,2 ms
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1992
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)10%

76Ni

massiarv76
neutron number48
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
234,6 ± 2,7 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1995
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)14%

77Ni

massiarv77
neutron number49
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
158,9 ± 4,2 ms
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1995
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)26%
2n (2-neutron emission)

78Ni

massiarv78
neutron number50
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
122,2 ± 5,1 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1995
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

79Ni

massiarv79
neutron number51
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
44 ± 8 ms
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg2010
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

80Ni

massiarv80
neutron number52
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
30 ± 22 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2014
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

81Ni

massiarv81
neutron number53
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg2017
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)

82Ni

massiarv82
neutron number54
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2017
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)
Electrolytic nickel

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastajaAxel Cronstedt
location of discoverySweden
avastamise aeg1751
etümoloogiaGerman: kupfernickel (false copper).
pronunciationNIK-l (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (ookean)
natural abundance (Inimkeha)
0,00001 %
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)
1,3 %
natural abundance (Päike)
0,008 %
Abundance in Universe
0,006 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6474
2p3.9048
2s7.7874
3d15.4705
3p13.915
3s13.039
4s22.2892