Nikel

Nikel (Ni)

chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28
Atomic Number28
Atomic Weight58.6934
Nombor jisim58
Group10
Period4
Blockd
proton28 p+
neutron30 n0
Elektron28 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Ni (Nikel)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Jejari van der Waals
ketumpatan
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Nikel0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
ionization energy of Ni (Nikel)
Entalpi pengewapan
entalpi pelakuran
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 16, 2
Model Bohr: Ni (Nikel)
Elektron valens2
Teori ion Lewis: Ni (Nikel)
tatarajah elektron[Ar] 3d8 4s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d8 4s2
Enhanced Model Bohr of Ni (Nikel)
Orbital Diagram of Ni (Nikel)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Keelektronegatifan
1.91
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna
Gray
rupalustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typeferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
0.31
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number69
Mendeleev Number67
Pettifor Number67
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
4.5
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0026
Nombor kuantum3F4
space group225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Nickel

Stable Isotopes4
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes5
Isotopic Composition5868.08%5868.08%6026.22%6026.22%623.63%623.63%611.14%611.14%640.93%640.93%

48Ni

Nombor jisim48
nombor neutron20
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.8 ± 0.8 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2000
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
2p (2-proton emission)70%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)30%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

49Ni

Nombor jisim49
nombor neutron21
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.5 ± 1 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1996
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)83.4%

50Ni

Nombor jisim50
nombor neutron22
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
18.5 ± 1.2 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)73%
2p (2-proton emission)14%

51Ni

Nombor jisim51
nombor neutron23
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
23.8 ± 0.2 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)87.2%
2p (2-proton emission)0.5%

52Ni

Nombor jisim52
nombor neutron24
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
41.8 ± 1 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)31.1%

53Ni

Nombor jisim53
nombor neutron25
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
55.2 ± 0.7 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1976
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)22.7%

54Ni

Nombor jisim54
nombor neutron26
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
114.1 ± 0.3 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1977
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

55Ni

Nombor jisim55
nombor neutron27
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.28 ± 0.0085714285714286
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
203.9 ± 1.3 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1972
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

56Ni

Nombor jisim56
nombor neutron28
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.075 ± 0.01 d
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1952
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

57Ni

Nombor jisim57
nombor neutron29
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
-0.53166666666667 ± 0.00093333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
35.6 ± 0.06 h
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1938
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

58Ni

Nombor jisim58
nombor neutron30
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
68.0769 ± 0.019
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1921
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
+ (double β+ decay)

59Ni

Nombor jisim59
nombor neutron31
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
81 ± 5 ky
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1951
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

60Ni

Nombor jisim60
nombor neutron32
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
26.2231 ± 0.015
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1921
parity+

61Ni

Nombor jisim61
nombor neutron33
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
1.1399 ± 0.0013
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.162 ± 0.015
tarikh penemuan1934
parity-

62Ni

Nombor jisim62
nombor neutron34
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
3.6345 ± 0.004
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1934
parity+

63Ni

Nombor jisim63
nombor neutron35
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.992 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
101.2 ± 1.5 y
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

64Ni

Nombor jisim64
nombor neutron36
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0.9256 ± 0.0019
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1935
parity+

65Ni

Nombor jisim65
nombor neutron37
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.276 ± 0.024
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.5175 ± 0.0005 h
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1946
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

66Ni

Nombor jisim66
nombor neutron38
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
54.6 ± 0.3 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1948
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

67Ni

Nombor jisim67
nombor neutron39
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
1.202 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
21 ± 1 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1978
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

68Ni

Nombor jisim68
nombor neutron40
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
29 ± 2 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1977
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

69Ni

Nombor jisim69
nombor neutron41
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
11.4 ± 0.3 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1984
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

70Ni

Nombor jisim70
nombor neutron42
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6 ± 0.3 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

71Ni

Nombor jisim71
nombor neutron43
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.56 ± 0.03 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

72Ni

Nombor jisim72
nombor neutron44
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.57 ± 0.05 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

73Ni

Nombor jisim73
nombor neutron45
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
840 ± 30 ms
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

74Ni

Nombor jisim74
nombor neutron46
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
507.7 ± 4.6 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

75Ni

Nombor jisim75
nombor neutron47
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
331.6 ± 3.2 ms
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1992
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)10%

76Ni

Nombor jisim76
nombor neutron48
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
234.6 ± 2.7 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1995
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)14%

77Ni

Nombor jisim77
nombor neutron49
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
158.9 ± 4.2 ms
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1995
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)26%
2n (2-neutron emission)

78Ni

Nombor jisim78
nombor neutron50
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
122.2 ± 5.1 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1995
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

79Ni

Nombor jisim79
nombor neutron51
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
44 ± 8 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

80Ni

Nombor jisim80
nombor neutron52
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
30 ± 22 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2014
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

81Ni

Nombor jisim81
nombor neutron53
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2017
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)

82Ni

Nombor jisim82
nombor neutron54
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2017
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
Electrolytic nickel

sejarah

penemu atau perekaAxel Cronstedt
tempat penemuanSweden
tarikh penemuan1751
EtimologiGerman: kupfernickel (false copper).
sebutanNIK-l (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (lautan)
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
0.00001 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
1.3 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.008 %
Abundance in Universe
0.006 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6474
2p3.9048
2s7.7874
3d15.4705
3p13.915
3s13.039
4s22.2892