Atomnummer | 28 |
---|---|
Atommassa | 58.6934 |
masstal | 58 |
Grupp | 10 |
---|---|
Period | 4 |
Block | d |
Protoner | 28 p+ |
---|---|
Neutroner | 30 n0 |
Electrons | 28 e- |
atomradie | 135 pm
|
---|---|
molvolym | 6,6 cm³/mol
|
kovalent radie | 110 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 115 pm
|
ionic radius | 55 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 69 pm
|
Van der Waalsradie | 197 pm
|
densitet | 8,9 g/cm³
|
energi | |
proton affinity | 737 kJ/mol
|
Elektronaffinitet | 1,156 eV/particle
|
joniseringsenergi | 7,639877 eV/particle
|
ångbildningsvärme | 378,6 kJ/mol
|
smältvärme | 17,61 kJ/mol
|
Bildningsentalpi | 430,1 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
electron shell | 2, 8, 16, 2 |
valenselektron | 2 |
elektronkonfiguration | [Ar] 3d8 4s2 |
oxidationstal | -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 |
elektronegativitet | 1.91
|
Electrophilicity | 1,4915353151966217 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
aggregationstillstånd | Fast |
Gas Phase | |
Kokpunkt | 3 186,15 K
|
Smältpunkt | 1 728,15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
trippelpunkt | |
Visual | |
färg | Grå
|
appearance | lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge |
Brytningsindex | |
materialegenskap | |
Värmeledningsförmåga | 90,9 W/(m K)
|
termisk expansion | 0,0000134 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 26,07 J/(mol K)
|
Specifik värmekapacitet | 0,444 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
elektrisk konduktivitet | 14 MS/m
|
resistivitet | 0,00000007000000000002 m Ω
|
supraledare | |
magnetism | |
type | ferromagnetic |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass) | |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar) | |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume) | |
magnetic ordering | |
Curiepunkten | 631 K
|
Néel temperature | |
Structure | |
Kristallstruktur | Ytcentrerat kubiskt (FCC) |
Gitterkonstant | 3,52 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
mekanisk materialegenskap | |
hårdhet | 4 MPa
|
Kompressibilitet | 180 GPa
|
skjuvmodul | 76 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 200 GPa
|
Poissons konstant | 0,31
|
ljudhastighet | 4 970 m/s
|
klassificering | |
Kategori | Övergångsmetaller, Transition metals |
CAS Group | VIIIA |
IUPAC Group | VIII |
Glawe Number | 69 |
Mendeleev Number | 67 |
Pettifor Number | 67 |
Geochemical Class | first series transition metal |
Goldschmidt classification | siderophile |
övrigt | |
Gas Basicity | 714,1 kJ/mol
|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | 373 a₀
|
Allotropes | |
Träffyta | 4,5
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0,0026
|
kvanttal | 3F4 |
rymdgrupp | 225 (Fm_3m) |
Stabila isotoper | 5 |
---|---|
Instabila isotoper | 30 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 30 |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 48 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 2,8 ± 0,8 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2000 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
2p (2-proton emission) | 70% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 30% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 49 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 7,5 ± 1 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1996 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 83.4% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 50 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 18,5 ± 1,2 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1994 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 73% |
2p (2-proton emission) | 14% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 51 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 23,8 ± 0,2 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 87.2% |
2p (2-proton emission) | 0.5% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 52 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 41,8 ± 1 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 31.1% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 53 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 55,2 ± 0,7 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1976 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 22.7% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 54 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 114,1 ± 0,3 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1977 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 55 |
g-factor | 0,28 ± 0,0085714285714286
|
Halveringstid | 203,9 ± 1,3 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1972 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 56 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 6,075 ± 0,01 d
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1952 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 57 |
g-factor | −0,53166666666667 ± 0,00093333333333333
|
Halveringstid | 35,6 ± 0,06 h
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1938 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | 68,0769 ± 0,019
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 58 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1921 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
2β+ (double β+ decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 59 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 81 ± 5 ky
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1951 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | 26,2231 ± 0,015
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 60 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1921 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | 1,1399 ± 0,0013
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 61 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,162 ± 0,015
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | - |
natural abundance | 3,6345 ± 0,004
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 62 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 63 |
g-factor | 0,992 ± 0,01
|
Halveringstid | 101,2 ± 1,5 y
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1951 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | 0,9256 ± 0,0019
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 64 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1935 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 65 |
g-factor | 0,276 ± 0,024
|
Halveringstid | 2,5175 ± 0,0005 h
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1946 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 66 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 54,6 ± 0,3 h
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1948 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 67 |
g-factor | 1,202 ± 0,01
|
Halveringstid | 21 ± 1 s
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1978 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 68 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 29 ± 2 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1977 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 69 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 11,4 ± 0,3 s
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1984 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 70 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 6 ± 0,3 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 71 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 2,56 ± 0,03 s
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 72 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 1,57 ± 0,05 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 73 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 840 ± 30 ms
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 74 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 507,7 ± 4,6 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 75 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 331,6 ± 3,2 ms
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1992 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 10% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 76 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 234,6 ± 2,7 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 14% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 77 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 158,9 ± 4,2 ms
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 26% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 78 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 122,2 ± 5,1 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 79 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 44 ± 8 ms
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2010 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 80 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 30 ± 22 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2014 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 81 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2017 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
upptäckare eller uppfinnare | Axel Cronstedt |
---|---|
fyndplats | Sweden |
upptäcktsdatum | 1751 |
etymologi | German: kupfernickel (false copper). |
uttal | NIK-l (engelska) |
1 | s | 0.6474 |
2 | p | 3.9048 |
2 | s | 7.7874 |
3 | d | 15.4705 |
3 | p | 13.915 |
3 | s | 13.039 |
4 | s | 22.2892 |