Oxygen (O)

elfen gemegol gyda'r symbol O a'i rhifau atomig yn 8

Atomic Number	8
Atomic Weight	15.999
Rhif màs	16

Group	16
Period	2
Block	p

Proton	8 p⁺
Niwtron	8 n⁰
Electron	8 e^-

Nodwedd Ffisegol

Atomic Radius	60 pm 171 pm
molar volume	14 cm³/mol
covalent radius	63 pm 57 pm 53 pm 65 pm 66 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius	135 pm 136 pm 138 pm 140 pm 142 pm
Crystal Radius	121 pm 122 pm 124 pm 126 pm 128 pm
Van der Waals radius	155 pm 152 pm 340.46 pm 152 pm 182 pm 158 pm 350 pm
density	0.001308 g/cm³

Nodwedd Gemegol

{ERROR}

egni

proton affinity	485.2 kJ/mol
electron affinity	1.4611135 eV/particle
ionization energy	13.618054 eV/particle 35.12111 eV/particle 54.93554 eV/particle 77.4135 eV/particle 113.8989 eV/particle 138.1189 eV/particle 739.32679 eV/particle 871.40985 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion
standard enthalpy of formation	249.229 kJ/mol
Electron

plisgyn yr electron	2, 6

valence electron	6 ⓘ

trefn yr electronnau	[He] 2s² 2p⁴ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

Cyflwr ocsidiad	-2, -1, 0, 1, 2
Electronegatifedd	21.36 eV/particle 0.304575 3.44
Electrophilicity Index	2.337978174823841 eV/particle
cyflwr sylfaenol mater

cyflwr mater
gaseous state of matter	Diatomic
Boiling Point	90.188 K
Melting Point	54.36 K
critical pressure	5.043 MPa
critical temperature	154.581 K
triple point	54.3584 K 0.1463 kPa
appearance
lliw	Black #f00000 #ff0d0d #f32e42
appearance
Mynegrif plygiant	1.000271
nodwedd ffisegol gwrthrych
Thermal Conductivity	0.027 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity	29.378 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.918 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio	7/5
electrical properties
type
dargludedd trydanol
Gwrthedd
superconductivity
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.000001335 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.0000000427184 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.00000190772
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
strwythur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	6.83 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, 2.313085, π/2
nodwedd mecanyddol deunyddiau
hardness
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound	317.5 m/s
classification
Category	Actinides, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VIB
IUPAC Group	VIA
Glawe Number	97
Mendeleev Number	99
Pettifor Number	101
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	459.6 kJ/mol
polarizability	5.3 ± 0.2 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	15.6 a₀ 16.7 a₀
allotrope	Dioxygen, Ozone, Tetraoxygen
Neutron cross section	0.00028
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.000001
quantum number	3P2
space group	12 (C12/m1)

Isotopes of Oxygen

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	15
Natural Isotopes	3

¹¹O

Rhif màs	11
neutron number	3
Relative Atomic Mass	11.051249828 ± 0.000064453 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	198 ± 12 ys
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod	2019
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

¹²O

Rhif màs	12
neutron number	4
Relative Atomic Mass	12.034367726 ± 0.000012882 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	8.9 ± 3.3 zs
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1978
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

¹³O

Rhif màs	13
neutron number	5
Relative Atomic Mass	13.024815435 ± 0.000010226 Da
g-factor	0.92613333333333 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	8.58 ± 0.05 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0111 ± 0.0008
dyddiad darganfod	1963
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	10.9%

¹⁴O

Rhif màs	14
neutron number	6
Relative Atomic Mass	14.008596706 ± 0.000000027 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	70.621 ± 0.011 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁵O

Rhif màs	15
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	15.003065636 ± 0.000000526 Da
g-factor	1.43816 ± 0.00024
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	122.266 ± 0.043 s
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1934
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁶O

Rhif màs	16
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	15.99491461926 ± 0.00000000032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	99.757 ± 0.011
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	stable isotope
Hanner oes	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1919
parity	+

¹⁷O

Rhif màs	17
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	16.99913175595 ± 0.00000000069 Da
g-factor	-0.7574172 ± 0.000004
natural abundance	0.03835 ± 0.00096
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	stable isotope
Hanner oes	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod	1925
parity	+

¹⁸O

Rhif màs	18
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	17.99915961214 ± 0.00000000069 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.2045 ± 0.0102
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	stable isotope
Hanner oes	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1929
parity	+

¹⁹O

Rhif màs	19
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	19.003577969 ± 0.00000283 Da
g-factor	0.612952 ± 0.000028
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	26.47 ± 0.006 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.00362 ± 0.00013
dyddiad darganfod	1936
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰O

Rhif màs	20
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	20.004075357 ± 0.00000095 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	13.51 ± 0.05 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1959
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²¹O

Rhif màs	21
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	21.008654948 ± 0.000012882 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	3.42 ± 0.1 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod	1968
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²²O

Rhif màs	22
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	22.009965744 ± 0.000061107 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	2.25 ± 0.09 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1969
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	22%

²³O

Rhif màs	23
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	23.015696686 ± 0.000130663 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	97 ± 8 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1970
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	7%

²⁴O

Rhif màs	24
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	24.019861 ± 0.000177 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	77.4 ± 4.5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	1970
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	43%

²⁵O

Rhif màs	25
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	25.029338919 ± 0.000177225 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	5.18 ± 0.35 zs
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod	2008
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)	100%

²⁶O

Rhif màs	26
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	26.037210155 ± 0.000177081 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes	4.2 ± 3.3 ps
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod	2012
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2n (2-neutron emission)	100%

²⁷O

Rhif màs	27
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	27.047955 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

²⁸O

Rhif màs	28
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	28.05591 ± 0.00075 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol	☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dyddiad darganfod
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2n (2-neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	0%

hanes

darganfyddwr neu ddyfeisiwr	Joseph Priestly, Carl Wilhelm Scheele
man darganfod	England/Sweden
dyddiad darganfod	1774
geirdarddiad	Greek: oxys and genes, (acid former).
ynganiad	OK-si-jen (Saesneg)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	461,000 mg/kg
natural abundance (cefnfor)	857,000 mg/L
natural abundance (corff dynol)	61 %
natural abundance (Awyrfaen)	40 %
natural abundance (Haul)	0.9 %
Abundance in Universe	1 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3421
2	p	3.5468
2	s	3.5084

Oxygen on ChemicalAid

Oxygen (O)

Nodwedd Ffisegol

Nodwedd Gemegol

other

Isotopes of Oxygen

11O

12O

13O

14O

15O

16O

17O

18O

19O

20O

21O

22O

23O

24O

25O

26O

27O

28O

hanes

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹¹O

¹²O

¹³O

¹⁴O

¹⁵O

¹⁶O

¹⁷O

¹⁸O

¹⁹O

²⁰O

²¹O

²²O

²³O

²⁴O

²⁵O

²⁶O

²⁷O

²⁸O