Hapnik (O)

chemical element, symbol O and atomic number 8

Atomic Number	8
Atomic Weight	15.999
massiarv	16

Group	16
Period	2
Block	p

prooton	8 p⁺
neutron	8 n⁰
elektron	8 e^-

Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of O (Hapnik)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius	60 pm 171 pm
molaarruumala	14 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	63 pm 57 pm 53 pm 65 pm 66 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius	135 pm 136 pm 138 pm 140 pm 142 pm
Crystal Radius	121 pm 122 pm 124 pm 126 pm 128 pm
Van der Waals radius	155 pm 152 pm 340,46 pm 152 pm 182 pm 158 pm 350 pm
density	0,001308 g/cm³

Keemilised Omadused

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity	485,2 kJ/mol
Elektronafiinsus	1,4611135 eV/particle
ionization energy	13,618054 eV/particle 35,12111 eV/particle 54,93554 eV/particle 77,4135 eV/particle 113,8989 eV/particle 138,1189 eV/particle 739,32679 eV/particle 871,40985 eV/particle

aurustumissoojus
sulamissoojus
standard enthalpy of formation	249,229 kJ/mol
elektron

elektronkiht	2, 6

valentselektron	6 ⓘ

elektronkonfiguratsioon	[He] 2s² 2p⁴ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

oksüdatsiooniaste	-2, -1, 0, 1, 2
elektronegatiivsus	21,36 eV/particle 0.304575 3.44
Electrophilicity Index	2,337978174823841 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter	Diatomic
Boiling Point	90,188 K
Melting Point	54,36 K
critical pressure	5,043 MPa
critical temperature	154,581 K
kolmikpunkt	54,3584 K 0,1463 kPa
Välimus
värvus	Black #f00000 #ff0d0d #f32e42
Välimus
Murdumisnäitaja	1,000271
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	0,027 W/(m K)
soojuspaisumine
molar heat capacity	29,378 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,918 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio	7/5
electrical properties
type
Elektrijuhtivus
Eritakistus
Ülijuhtivus
Magnetism
type	paramagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)	0,000001335 m³/Kg
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)	0,0000000427184 m³/mol
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)	0,00000190772
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	6,83 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, 2.313085, π/2
mechanical property
kõvadus
Ruumpaisumismoodul
Nihkeelastsusmoodul
Normaalelastsusmoodul
Poissoni tegur
heli kiirus	317,5 m/s
Klassifitseerimine
Category	Actinides, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VIB
IUPAC Group	VIA
Glawe Number	97
Mendeleev Number	99
Pettifor Number	101
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

teine

Gas Basicity	459,6 kJ/mol
polarizability	5,3 ± 0,2 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	15,6 a₀ 16,7 a₀
allotrope	Dioxygen, Ozone, Tetraoxygen
Neutron cross section	0,00028
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,000001
Kvantarv	3P2
space group	12 (C12/m1)

Isotopes of Oxygen

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	15
Natural Isotopes	3

¹¹O

massiarv	11
neutron number	3
Relative Atomic Mass	11,051249828 ± 0,000064453 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	198 ± 12 ys
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2019
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

¹²O

massiarv	12
neutron number	4
Relative Atomic Mass	12,034367726 ± 0,000012882 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8,9 ± 3,3 zs
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1978
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

¹³O

massiarv	13
neutron number	5
Relative Atomic Mass	13,024815435 ± 0,000010226 Da
g-factor	0,92613333333333 ± 0,0002
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8,58 ± 0,05 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,0111 ± 0,0008
avastamise aeg	1963
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	10.9%

¹⁴O

massiarv	14
neutron number	6
Relative Atomic Mass	14,008596706 ± 0,000000027 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	70,621 ± 0,011 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁵O

massiarv	15
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	15,003065636 ± 0,000000526 Da
g-factor	1,43816 ± 0,00024
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	122,266 ± 0,043 s
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1934
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁶O

massiarv	16
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	15,99491461926 ± 0,00000000032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	99,757 ± 0,011
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1919
parity	+

¹⁷O

massiarv	17
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	16,99913175595 ± 0,00000000069 Da
g-factor	−0,7574172 ± 0,000004
natural abundance	0,03835 ± 0,00096
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1925
parity	+

¹⁸O

massiarv	18
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	17,99915961214 ± 0,00000000069 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0,2045 ± 0,0102
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1929
parity	+

¹⁹O

massiarv	19
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	19,003577969 ± 0,00000283 Da
g-factor	0,612952 ± 0,000028
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	26,47 ± 0,006 s
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,00362 ± 0,00013
avastamise aeg	1936
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰O

massiarv	20
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	20,004075357 ± 0,00000095 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	13,51 ± 0,05 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1959
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²¹O

massiarv	21
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	21,008654948 ± 0,000012882 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	3,42 ± 0,1 s
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1968
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²²O

massiarv	22
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	22,009965744 ± 0,000061107 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,25 ± 0,09 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1969
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	22%

²³O

massiarv	23
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	23,015696686 ± 0,000130663 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	97 ± 8 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	7%

²⁴O

massiarv	24
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	24,019861 ± 0,000177 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	77,4 ± 4,5 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	43%

²⁵O

massiarv	25
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	25,029338919 ± 0,000177225 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	5,18 ± 0,35 zs
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2008
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
n (neutron emission)	100%

²⁶O

massiarv	26
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	26,037210155 ± 0,000177081 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	4,2 ± 3,3 ps
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2012
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2n (2-neutron emission)	100%

²⁷O

massiarv	27
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	27,047955 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
n (neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

²⁸O

massiarv	28
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	28,05591 ± 0,00075 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2n (2-neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	0%

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastaja	Joseph Priestly, Carl Wilhelm Scheele
location of discovery	England/Sweden
avastamise aeg	1774
etümoloogia	Greek: oxys and genes, (acid former).
pronunciation	OK-si-jen (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	461 000 mg/kg
natural abundance (ookean)	857 000 mg/L
natural abundance (Inimkeha)	61 %
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)	40 %
natural abundance (Päike)	0,9 %
Abundance in Universe	1 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3421
2	p	3.5468
2	s	3.5084

Hapnik on ChemicalAid

Hapnik (O)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Keemilised Omadused

teine

Isotopes of Oxygen

11O

12O

13O

14O

15O

16O

17O

18O

19O

20O

21O

22O

23O

24O

25O

26O

27O

28O

ajalugu

allikas

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹¹O

¹²O

¹³O

¹⁴O

¹⁵O

¹⁶O

¹⁷O

¹⁸O

¹⁹O

²⁰O

²¹O

²²O

²³O

²⁴O

²⁵O

²⁶O

²⁷O

²⁸O