Platina

Platina (Pt)

grundämne
Atomnummer78
Atommassa195.084
masstal195
Grupp10
Period6
Blockd
Protoner78 p+
Neutroner117 n0
Electrons78 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Pt (Platina)

Egenskaper

atomradie
135 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
123 pm
Metallic Radius
130 pm
ionic radius
60 pm
Crystal Radius
74 pm
Van der Waalsradie
213 pm
densitet
21,5 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
joniseringsenergi
8,95883 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Pt (Platina)
ångbildningsvärme
470 kJ/mol
smältvärme
21,76 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
565,7 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Bohrs atommodell: Pt (Platina)
valenselektron1
elektronkonfiguration[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Pt (Platina)
Orbital Diagram of Pt (Platina)
oxidationstal-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
elektronegativitet
2.2
Electrophilicity
2,249320350691278 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
4 098,15 K
Smältpunkt
2 041,35 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Grå
appearancesilvery white
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
71,6 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
0,0000089 1/K
molar heat capacity
25,86 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,133 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
9,4 MS/m
resistivitet
0,00000011 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typeparamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
0,0000000122 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
0,00000000238 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
0,0002573
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturYtcentrerat kubiskt (FCC)
Gitterkonstant
3,92 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
3,5 MPa
Kompressibilitet
230 GPa
skjuvmodul
61 GPa
Young's modulus
168 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,38
ljudhastighet
2 680 m/s
klassificering
KategoriÖvergångsmetaller, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number64
Mendeleev Number69
Pettifor Number68
Geochemical Classnoble metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
48 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta
10
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,002
kvanttal3D3
rymdgrupp225 (Fm_3m)

Platinaisotoper

Stabila isotoper6
Instabila isotoper38
Radioactive Isotopes39

165Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
164,999658 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal165
g-factor
Halveringstid
370 ± 180 us
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2019
Paritet-

165Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

166Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
165,994866 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal166
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
294 ± 62 us
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1996
Paritet+

166Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

167Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
166,99275 ± 0,000329 Da
masstal167
g-factor
Halveringstid
915 ± 123 us
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1996
Paritet-

167Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

168Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
167,988180196 ± 0,00016096 Da
masstal168
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
2,02 ± 0,1 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1981
Paritet+

168Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

169Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
168,986619 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal169
g-factor
Halveringstid
6,99 ± 0,09 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1981
Paritet-

169Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

170Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
169,982502087 ± 0,000019588 Da
masstal170
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
13,93 ± 0,16 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1981
Paritet+

170Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

171Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
170,981248868 ± 0,000086904 Da
masstal171
g-factor
Halveringstid
45,5 ± 2,5 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1981
Paritet-

171Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)86%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

172Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
171,977341059 ± 0,000011139 Da
masstal172
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
97,6 ± 1,3 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1981
Paritet+

172Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)96%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

173Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
172,976449922 ± 0,000068096 Da
masstal173
g-factor
Halveringstid
382 ± 2 ms
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

173Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)86%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

174Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
173,972820431 ± 0,000011098 Da
masstal174
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
862 ± 8 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet+

174Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)74.9%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

175Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
174,972400593 ± 0,000019982 Da
masstal175
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,43 ± 0,04 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

175Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)64%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

176Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
175,968938162 ± 0,000013647 Da
masstal176
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
6,33 ± 0,15 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet+

176Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
α (α emission)40%

177Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
176,968469541 ± 0,00001609 Da
masstal177
g-factor
Halveringstid
10 ± 0,4 s
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

177Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)94.3%
α (α emission)5.7%

178Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
177,965649288 ± 0,000010878 Da
masstal178
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
20,7 ± 0,7 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet+

178Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)92.3%
α (α emission)7.7%

179Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
178,965358742 ± 0,000008563 Da
masstal179
g-factor
0,86 ± 0,06
Halveringstid
21,2 ± 0,4 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

179Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.24%

180Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
179,96303801 ± 0,00001079 Da
masstal180
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
56 ± 3 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet+

180Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.48%
α (α emission)0.52%

181Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
180,963089946 ± 0,000014695 Da
masstal181
g-factor
0,96 ± 0,04
Halveringstid
52 ± 2,2 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

181Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.074%

182Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
181,961171605 ± 0,000014057 Da
masstal182
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
2,67 ± 0,12 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet+

182Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)0.962%
α (α emission)0.038%

183Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
182,961595895 ± 0,000015261 Da
masstal183
g-factor
1 ± 0,01
Halveringstid
6,5 ± 1 m
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet-

183Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.0096%

184Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
183,959921929 ± 0,000015828 Da
masstal184
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
17,3 ± 0,2 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet+

184Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.0017%

185Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
184,960613659 ± 0,000027731 Da
masstal185
g-factor
−0,16 ± 0,0024444444444444
Halveringstid
70,9 ± 2,4 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet+

185Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.005%

186Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
185,959350845 ± 0,000023344 Da
masstal186
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
2,08 ± 0,05 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1961
Paritet+

186Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)1.4%

187Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
186,960616646 ± 0,000025837 Da
masstal187
g-factor
−0,26466666666667 ± 0,0053333333333333
Halveringstid
2,35 ± 0,03 h
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1961
Paritet-

187Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

188Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
187,959397521 ± 0,000005694 Da
masstal188
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
10,16 ± 0,18 d
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1954
Paritet+

188Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)2.6%

189Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
188,960848485 ± 0,000010832 Da
masstal189
g-factor
−0,292 ± 0,0053333333333333
Halveringstid
10,87 ± 0,12 h
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet-

189Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

190Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
0,012 ± 0,002
relative atomic mass
189,959949823 ± 0,000000705 Da
masstal190
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
483 ± 3 Gy
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1949
Paritet+

190Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)%

191Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
190,961676261 ± 0,00000443 Da
masstal191
g-factor
−0,33266666666667 ± 0,0033333333333333
Halveringstid
2,83 ± 0,02 d
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet-

191Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

192Pt

natural abundance
0,782 ± 0,024
relative atomic mass
191,961042667 ± 0,000002758 Da
masstal192
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

192Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

193Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
192,962984546 ± 0,000001458 Da
masstal193
g-factor
1,202 ± 0,016
Halveringstid
50 ± 6 y
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet-

193Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

194Pt

natural abundance
32,864 ± 0,41
relative atomic mass
193,962683498 ± 0,000000532 Da
masstal194
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

195Pt

natural abundance
33,775 ± 0,24
relative atomic mass
194,964794325 ± 0,00000054 Da
masstal195
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet-

195Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

196Pt

natural abundance
25,211 ± 0,34
relative atomic mass
195,964954648 ± 0,000000547 Da
masstal196
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

197Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
196,96734303 ± 0,000000575 Da
masstal197
g-factor
1,02 ± 0,04
Halveringstid
19,8915 ± 0,0019 h
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1936
Paritet-

197Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

198Pt

natural abundance
7,356 ± 0,13
relative atomic mass
197,967896718 ± 0,000002254 Da
masstal198
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

198Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
(double β decay)%
α (α emission)%

199Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
198,970597022 ± 0,000002317 Da
masstal199
g-factor
Halveringstid
30,8 ± 0,21 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1937
Paritet-

199Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

200Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
199,971444609 ± 0,000021588 Da
masstal200
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
12,6 ± 0,3 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet+

200Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

201Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
200,974513305 ± 0,000053788 Da
masstal201
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,5 ± 0,1 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1962
Paritet-

201Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

202Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
201,975639 ± 0,000027 Da
masstal202
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
44 ± 15 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1992
Paritet+

202Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

203Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
202,979055 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal203
g-factor
Halveringstid
22 ± 4 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2008
Paritet-

203Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

204Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
203,981084 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal204
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
10,3 ± 1,4 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2008
Paritet+

204Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

205Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
204,986237 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal205
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet+

205Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%

206Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
205,99008 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal206
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet+

206Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

207Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
206,995556 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal207
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet+

207Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

208Pt

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
207,999463 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal208
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet+

208Pt Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
Platinum crystals.jpg

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareJulius Scaliger
fyndplatsItaly
upptäcktsdatum1735
etymologiSpanish: platina (little silver).
uttalPLAT-n-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,005 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor
0,000098 %
Abundance in Sun
0,0000009 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.506
2p4.4746
2s20.3702
3d13.5027
3p22.1139
3s23.0157
4d37.37
4f38.494
4p35.2696
4s34.3612
5d58.5925
5p53.5805
5s51.412
6s67.2486