Rubidij[um] (Rb)

hemijski element sa simbolom Rb i atomskim brojem 37

Atomic Number	37
Atomic Weight	85.4678
Maseni broj	85

Group	1
Period	5
Block	s

Proton	37 p⁺
Neutron	48 n⁰
Elektron	37 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of Rb (Rubidij[um])

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	235 pm 240 pm
Molarni volumen	55,9 cm³/mol
covalent radius	210 pm 202 pm 225 pm 220 pm
Metallic Radius	216 pm 248 pm
Ionski radijus	152 pm 156 pm 161 pm 163 pm 166 pm 169 pm 172 pm 183 pm
Crystal Radius	166 pm 170 pm 175 pm 177 pm 180 pm 183 pm 186 pm 197 pm
Van der Waalsov radijus	290 pm 303 pm 325 pm 303 pm 411,4 pm
gustoća	1,53 g/cm³ 1.460 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

energija

proton affinity
electron affinity	0,48592 eV/particle
ionization energy	4,177128 eV/particle 27,28954 eV/particle 39,247 eV/particle 52,2 eV/particle 68,4 eV/particle 82,9 eV/particle 98,67 eV/particle 132,8 eV/particle 150,63 eV/particle 277,12 eV/particle 313,1 eV/particle 356 eV/particle 400 eV/particle 443 eV/particle 502 eV/particle 550 eV/particle 601 eV/particle 654 eV/particle 706 eV/particle 857 eV/particle 905,3 eV/particle 958,9 eV/particle 1.024 eV/particle 1.080 eV/particle 1.125 eV/particle 1.242,5 eV/particle 1.294,567 eV/particle 3.133,3 eV/particle 3.281 eV/particle 3.442 eV/particle 3.600 eV/particle 3.815 eV/particle 3.988 eV/particle 4.214 eV/particle 4.356,865 eV/particle 18.305,883 eV/particle 18.965,51 eV/particle

Toplota isparavanja	75,8 kJ/mol
toplota topljenja	2,2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	80,9 kJ/mol
Elektron

electron shell	2, 8, 18, 8, 1

Valentni elektron	1 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Kr] 5s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹

oksidacijsko stanje	-1, 1
Elektronegativnost	4,177 eV/particle 0.104686 0.82
Electrophilicity Index	0,7363448717297969 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	961,15 K
Melting Point	312,45 K
critical pressure	16 MPa
Kritična temperatura	2.093,15 K
Trojna tačka	312,41 K
appearance
boja	Black #ff1493 #702eb0 #702eb0
appearance	grey white
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	58,2 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity	31,06 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,363 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Specifična električna provodljivost	8,3 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0,00000012 Ω*m
Superprovodljivost
Magnetizam
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000026 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000222 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,00000398
magnetic ordering
Kirijeva tačka
Néel temperature
struktura
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	5,59 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	0,216 MPa 0,3 MPa
bulk modulus	2,5 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus	2,4 GPa
Poisson's ratio
Brzina zvuka	1.300 m/s
klasifikacija
Category	Actinides, Alkali metals
CAS Group	IA
IUPAC Group	IA
Glawe Number	9
Mendeleev Number	4
Pettifor Number	9
Geochemical Class	alkali metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	319,8 ± 0,3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	4.769 a₀ 4.660 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,38
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0003
Kvantni brojevi	2S1/2
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Rubidium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	33
Natural Isotopes	2

⁷¹Rb

Maseni broj	71
broj neutrona	34
Relative Atomic Mass	70,965335 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁷²Rb

Maseni broj	72
broj neutrona	35
Relative Atomic Mass	71,958851 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	103 ± 22 ns
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2017
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁷³Rb

Maseni broj	73
broj neutrona	36
Relative Atomic Mass	72,950604506 ± 0,000043794 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1996
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
p (proton emission)	100%

⁷⁴Rb

Maseni broj	74
broj neutrona	37
Relative Atomic Mass	73,944265867 ± 0,000003249 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	64,78 ± 0,03 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1977
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁷⁵Rb

Maseni broj	75
broj neutrona	38
Relative Atomic Mass	74,9385732 ± 0,000001266 Da
g-factor	0,386 ± 0,00066666666666667
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	19 ± 1,2 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,81 ± 0,04
datum otkrića	1975
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁶Rb

Maseni broj	76
broj neutrona	39
Relative Atomic Mass	75,935073031 ± 0,000001006 Da
g-factor	-0,372552 ± 0,000011
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	36,5 ± 0,6 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,41 ± 0,09
datum otkrića	1969
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	3.8%

⁷⁷Rb

Maseni broj	77
broj neutrona	40
Relative Atomic Mass	76,930401599 ± 0,0000014 Da
g-factor	0,43622666666667 ± 0,000013333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	3,78 ± 0,04 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,84 ± 0,17
datum otkrića	1972
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁸Rb

Maseni broj	78
broj neutrona	41
Relative Atomic Mass	77,928141866 ± 0,000003475 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	17,66 ± 0,03 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1968
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁹Rb

Maseni broj	79
broj neutrona	42
Relative Atomic Mass	78,923990095 ± 0,000002085 Da
g-factor	1,34292 ± 0,00048
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	22,9 ± 0,5 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,12 ± 0,04
datum otkrića	1957
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁰Rb

Maseni broj	80
broj neutrona	43
Relative Atomic Mass	79,922516442 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor	-0,0833 ± 0,0007
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	33,4 ± 0,7 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,42 ± 0,08
datum otkrića	1961
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸¹Rb

Maseni broj	81
broj neutrona	44
Relative Atomic Mass	80,9189939 ± 0,000005265 Da
g-factor	1,3727333333333 ± 0,00093333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	4,572 ± 0,004 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,48 ± 0,1
datum otkrića	1949
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸²Rb

Maseni broj	82
broj neutrona	45
Relative Atomic Mass	81,918209023 ± 0,00000323 Da
g-factor	0,554403 ± 0,000016
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	1,2575 ± 0,0002 m
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,23 ± 0,1
datum otkrića	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸³Rb

Maseni broj	83
broj neutrona	46
Relative Atomic Mass	82,915114181 ± 0,0000025 Da
g-factor	0,56984 ± 0,00032
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	86,2 ± 0,1 d
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,24 ± 0,05
datum otkrića	1950
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁸⁴Rb

Maseni broj	84
broj neutrona	47
Relative Atomic Mass	83,914375223 ± 0,000002355 Da
g-factor	-0,6625 ± 0,001
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	32,82 ± 0,07 d
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,02 ± 0,04
datum otkrića	1947
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	96.1%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	3.9%

⁸⁵Rb

Maseni broj	85
broj neutrona	48
Relative Atomic Mass	84,91178973604 ± 0,00000000537 Da
g-factor	0,541224 ± 0,000016
natural abundance	72,17 ± 0,02
Radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,276 ± 0,001
datum otkrića	1921
parity	-

⁸⁶Rb

Maseni broj	86
broj neutrona	49
Relative Atomic Mass	85,911167443 ± 0,000000214 Da
g-factor	-0,8487 ± 0,0008
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	18,645 ± 0,008 d
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,23 ± 0,06
datum otkrića	1941
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
ϵ (electron capture)	0.0052%

⁸⁷Rb

Maseni broj	87
broj neutrona	50
Relative Atomic Mass	86,909180529 ± 0,000000006 Da
g-factor	1,8341933333333 ± 0,000053333333333333
natural abundance	27,83 ± 0,02
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	49,7 ± 0,3 Gy
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,1335 ± 0,0005
datum otkrića	1921
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁸Rb

Maseni broj	88
broj neutrona	51
Relative Atomic Mass	87,91131559 ± 0,00000017 Da
g-factor	0,253755 ± 0,00001
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	17,78 ± 0,03 m
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,01 ± 0,11
datum otkrića	1939
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁹Rb

Maseni broj	89
broj neutrona	52
Relative Atomic Mass	88,912278136 ± 0,000005825 Da
g-factor	1,5887333333333 ± 0,00046666666666667
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	15,32 ± 0,1 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,17 ± 0,03
datum otkrića	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹⁰Rb

Maseni broj	90
broj neutrona	53
Relative Atomic Mass	89,914797557 ± 0,000006926 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	158 ± 5 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1951
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹¹Rb

Maseni broj	91
broj neutrona	54
Relative Atomic Mass	90,916537261 ± 0,000008375 Da
g-factor	1,4540666666667 ± 0,001
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	58,2 ± 0,3 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,19 ± 0,05
datum otkrića	1951
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁹²Rb

Maseni broj	92
broj neutrona	55
Relative Atomic Mass	91,919728477 ± 0,000006573 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	4,48 ± 0,03 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1960
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.0107%

⁹³Rb

Maseni broj	93
broj neutrona	56
Relative Atomic Mass	92,922039334 ± 0,000008406 Da
g-factor	0,56368 ± 0,00064
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	5,84 ± 0,02 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,21 ± 0,06
datum otkrića	1960
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1.39%

⁹⁴Rb

Maseni broj	94
broj neutrona	57
Relative Atomic Mass	93,926394819 ± 0,000002177 Da
g-factor	0,49936666666667 ± 0,0006
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	2,702 ± 0,005 s
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,2 ± 0,07
datum otkrića	1961
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	10.3%

⁹⁵Rb

Maseni broj	95
broj neutrona	58
Relative Atomic Mass	94,929263849 ± 0,000021733 Da
g-factor	0,5332 ± 0,0012
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	377,7 ± 0,8 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,26 ± 0,09
datum otkrića	1967
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	8.7%

⁹⁶Rb

Maseni broj	96
broj neutrona	59
Relative Atomic Mass	95,934133398 ± 0,000003599 Da
g-factor	0,73275 ± 0,00085
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	201,5 ± 0,9 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,3 ± 0,09
datum otkrića	1967
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	13.7%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁷Rb

Maseni broj	97
broj neutrona	60
Relative Atomic Mass	96,937177117 ± 0,000002052 Da
g-factor	1,2266666666667 ± 0,0013333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	169,1 ± 0,6 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,7
datum otkrića	1969
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25.5%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁸Rb

Maseni broj	98
broj neutrona	61
Relative Atomic Mass	97,941632317 ± 0,000017265 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	115 ± 6 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1971
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	14.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.054%

⁹⁹Rb

Maseni broj	99
broj neutrona	62
Relative Atomic Mass	98,94511919 ± 0,000004327 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	54 ± 4 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	17.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁰Rb

Maseni broj	100
broj neutrona	63
Relative Atomic Mass	99,950331532 ± 0,000014089 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	51,3 ± 1,6 ms
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1978
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.15%

¹⁰¹Rb

Maseni broj	101
broj neutrona	64
Relative Atomic Mass	100,954302 ± 0,000022 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	31,8 ± 3,3 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	28%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰²Rb

Maseni broj	102
broj neutrona	65
Relative Atomic Mass	101,960008 ± 0,000089 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	37 ± 4 ms
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1995
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	65%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰³Rb

Maseni broj	103
broj neutrona	66
Relative Atomic Mass	102,964401 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	26 ± 11 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁴Rb

Maseni broj	104
broj neutrona	67
Relative Atomic Mass	103,970531 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2018
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historija

otkrivač ili izumitelj	R. Bunsen, G. Kirchoff
mjesto otkrića	Germany
datum otkrića	1861
Etimologija	Latin: rubidus (deep red); the color its salts impart to flames.
pronunciation	roo-BID-i-em (engleski)

izvor

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	90 mg/kg
natural abundance (okean)	0,12 mg/L
natural abundance (ljudsko tijelo)	0,00046 %
natural abundance (Meteoroidi)	0,00032 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,000003 %
Abundance in Universe	0,000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.7922
2	p	3.9612
2	s	9.8432
3	d	15.3208
3	p	15.6967
3	s	15.1573
4	p	26.1192
4	s	24.612
5	s	32.0155

Rubidij[um] on ChemicalAid

Rubidij[um] (Rb)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Rubidium

71Rb

72Rb

73Rb

74Rb

75Rb

76Rb

77Rb

78Rb

79Rb

80Rb

81Rb

82Rb

83Rb

84Rb

85Rb

86Rb

87Rb

88Rb

89Rb

90Rb

91Rb

92Rb

93Rb

94Rb

95Rb

96Rb

97Rb

98Rb

99Rb

100Rb

101Rb

102Rb

103Rb

104Rb

historija

izvor

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁷¹Rb

⁷²Rb

⁷³Rb

⁷⁴Rb

⁷⁵Rb

⁷⁶Rb

⁷⁷Rb

⁷⁸Rb

⁷⁹Rb

⁸⁰Rb

⁸¹Rb

⁸²Rb

⁸³Rb

⁸⁴Rb

⁸⁵Rb

⁸⁶Rb

⁸⁷Rb

⁸⁸Rb

⁸⁹Rb

⁹⁰Rb

⁹¹Rb

⁹²Rb

⁹³Rb

⁹⁴Rb

⁹⁵Rb

⁹⁶Rb

⁹⁷Rb

⁹⁸Rb

⁹⁹Rb

¹⁰⁰Rb

¹⁰¹Rb

¹⁰²Rb

¹⁰³Rb

¹⁰⁴Rb