Rubidi

Rubidi (Rb)

chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37
Atomic Number37
Atomic Weight85.4678
mass number85
Group1
Period5
Blocks
protoni37 p+
nyutroni48 n0
elektroni37 e-
Animated Bohr model of Rb (Rubidi)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius
235 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius
210 pm
Metallic Radius
216 pm
ionic radius
152 pm
Crystal Radius
166 pm
Van der Waals radius
303 pm
msongamano
1.53 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Rubidi020406080100120140160180200220240260280300320pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

nishati
proton affinity
electron affinity
0.48592 eV/particle
ionization energy
4.177128 eV/particle
ionization energy of Rb (Rubidi)
enthalpy of vaporization
75.8 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
2.2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
80.9 kJ/mol
elektroni
Mzingo elektroni2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Bohr model: Rb (Rubidi)
valence electron1
Lewis structure: Rb (Rubidi)
electron configuration[Kr] 5s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1
Enhanced Bohr model of Rb (Rubidi)
Orbital Diagram of Rb (Rubidi)
oxidation number-1, 1
electronegativity
0.82
Electrophilicity Index
0.7363448717297969 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
961.15 K
Melting Point
312.45 K
critical pressure
16 MPa
critical temperature
2,093.15 K
Kiwango utatu
312.41 K
appearance
Rangi
Silver
appearancegrey white
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
58.2 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
31.06 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.363 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
8.3 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0.00000012 m Ω
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0.0000000026 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0.000000000222 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0.00000398
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic (BCC)
lattice constant
5.59 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
0.3 MPa
bulk modulus
2.5 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
2.4 GPa
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
1,300 m/s
classification
CategoryAlkali metals, Alkali metals
CAS GroupIA
IUPAC GroupIA
Glawe Number9
Mendeleev Number4
Pettifor Number9
Geochemical Classalkali metal
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
319.8 ± 0.3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
4,769 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
0.38
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0003
quantum number2S1/2
space group229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Rubidium

Stable Isotopes1
Unstable Isotopes33
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition8572.17%8572.17%8727.83%8727.83%

71Rb

mass number71
neutron number34
relative atomic mass
70.965335 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

72Rb

mass number72
neutron number35
relative atomic mass
71.958851 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
103 ± 22 ns
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2017
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

73Rb

mass number73
neutron number36
relative atomic mass
72.950604506 ± 0.000043794 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1996
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
p (proton emission)100%

74Rb

mass number74
neutron number37
relative atomic mass
73.944265867 ± 0.000003249 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
64.78 ± 0.03 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1977
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

75Rb

mass number75
neutron number38
relative atomic mass
74.9385732 ± 0.000001266 Da
g-factor
0.386 ± 0.00066666666666667
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
19 ± 1.2 s
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.81 ± 0.04
Uvumbuzi1975
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

76Rb

mass number76
neutron number39
relative atomic mass
75.935073031 ± 0.000001006 Da
g-factor
-0.372552 ± 0.000011
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
36.5 ± 0.6 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.41 ± 0.09
Uvumbuzi1969
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)3.8%

77Rb

mass number77
neutron number40
relative atomic mass
76.930401599 ± 0.0000014 Da
g-factor
0.43622666666667 ± 0.000013333333333333
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
3.78 ± 0.04 m
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.84 ± 0.17
Uvumbuzi1972
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

78Rb

mass number78
neutron number41
relative atomic mass
77.928141866 ± 0.000003475 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
17.66 ± 0.03 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1968
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

79Rb

mass number79
neutron number42
relative atomic mass
78.923990095 ± 0.000002085 Da
g-factor
1.34292 ± 0.00048
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
22.9 ± 0.5 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.12 ± 0.04
Uvumbuzi1957
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

80Rb

mass number80
neutron number43
relative atomic mass
79.922516442 ± 0.000002 Da
g-factor
-0.0833 ± 0.0007
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
33.4 ± 0.7 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.42 ± 0.08
Uvumbuzi1961
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

81Rb

mass number81
neutron number44
relative atomic mass
80.9189939 ± 0.000005265 Da
g-factor
1.3727333333333 ± 0.00093333333333333
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
4.572 ± 0.004 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.48 ± 0.1
Uvumbuzi1949
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

82Rb

mass number82
neutron number45
relative atomic mass
81.918209023 ± 0.00000323 Da
g-factor
0.554403 ± 0.000016
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.2575 ± 0.0002 m
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.23 ± 0.1
Uvumbuzi1949
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

83Rb

mass number83
neutron number46
relative atomic mass
82.915114181 ± 0.0000025 Da
g-factor
0.56984 ± 0.00032
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
86.2 ± 0.1 d
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.24 ± 0.05
Uvumbuzi1950
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

84Rb

mass number84
neutron number47
relative atomic mass
83.914375223 ± 0.000002355 Da
g-factor
-0.6625 ± 0.001
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
32.82 ± 0.07 d
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.02 ± 0.04
Uvumbuzi1947
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)96.1%
β (β decay)3.9%

85Rb

mass number85
neutron number48
relative atomic mass
84.91178973604 ± 0.00000000537 Da
g-factor
0.541224 ± 0.000016
natural abundance
72.17 ± 0.02
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.276 ± 0.001
Uvumbuzi1921
parity-

86Rb

mass number86
neutron number49
relative atomic mass
85.911167443 ± 0.000000214 Da
g-factor
-0.8487 ± 0.0008
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
18.645 ± 0.008 d
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.23 ± 0.06
Uvumbuzi1941
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
ϵ (electron capture)0.0052%

87Rb

mass number87
neutron number50
relative atomic mass
86.909180529 ± 0.000000006 Da
g-factor
1.8341933333333 ± 0.000053333333333333
natural abundance
27.83 ± 0.02
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
49.7 ± 0.3 Gy
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.1335 ± 0.0005
Uvumbuzi1921
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

88Rb

mass number88
neutron number51
relative atomic mass
87.91131559 ± 0.00000017 Da
g-factor
0.253755 ± 0.00001
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
17.78 ± 0.03 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.01 ± 0.11
Uvumbuzi1939
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

89Rb

mass number89
neutron number52
relative atomic mass
88.912278136 ± 0.000005825 Da
g-factor
1.5887333333333 ± 0.00046666666666667
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
15.32 ± 0.1 m
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.17 ± 0.03
Uvumbuzi1940
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

90Rb

mass number90
neutron number53
relative atomic mass
89.914797557 ± 0.000006926 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
158 ± 5 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1951
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

91Rb

mass number91
neutron number54
relative atomic mass
90.916537261 ± 0.000008375 Da
g-factor
1.4540666666667 ± 0.001
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
58.2 ± 0.3 s
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.19 ± 0.05
Uvumbuzi1951
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

92Rb

mass number92
neutron number55
relative atomic mass
91.919728477 ± 0.000006573 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
4.48 ± 0.03 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1960
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.0107%

93Rb

mass number93
neutron number56
relative atomic mass
92.922039334 ± 0.000008406 Da
g-factor
0.56368 ± 0.00064
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
5.84 ± 0.02 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.21 ± 0.06
Uvumbuzi1960
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1.39%

94Rb

mass number94
neutron number57
relative atomic mass
93.926394819 ± 0.000002177 Da
g-factor
0.49936666666667 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
2.702 ± 0.005 s
spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.2 ± 0.07
Uvumbuzi1961
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)10.3%

95Rb

mass number95
neutron number58
relative atomic mass
94.929263849 ± 0.000021733 Da
g-factor
0.5332 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
377.7 ± 0.8 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.26 ± 0.09
Uvumbuzi1967
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)8.7%

96Rb

mass number96
neutron number59
relative atomic mass
95.934133398 ± 0.000003599 Da
g-factor
0.73275 ± 0.00085
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
201.5 ± 0.9 ms
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.3 ± 0.09
Uvumbuzi1967
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)13.7%
2n (2-neutron emission)

97Rb

mass number97
neutron number60
relative atomic mass
96.937177117 ± 0.000002052 Da
g-factor
1.2266666666667 ± 0.0013333333333333
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
169.1 ± 0.6 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.7
Uvumbuzi1969
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)25.5%
2n (2-neutron emission)

98Rb

mass number98
neutron number61
relative atomic mass
97.941632317 ± 0.000017265 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
115 ± 6 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1971
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)14.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)0.054%

99Rb

mass number99
neutron number62
relative atomic mass
98.94511919 ± 0.000004327 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
54 ± 4 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1971
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)17.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

100Rb

mass number100
neutron number63
relative atomic mass
99.950331532 ± 0.000014089 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
51.3 ± 1.6 ms
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1978
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)5.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)0.15%

101Rb

mass number101
neutron number64
relative atomic mass
100.954302 ± 0.000022 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
31.8 ± 3.3 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1992
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)28%
2n (2-neutron emission)

102Rb

mass number102
neutron number65
relative atomic mass
101.960008 ± 0.000089 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
37 ± 4 ms
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)65%
2n (2-neutron emission)

103Rb

mass number103
neutron number66
relative atomic mass
102.964401 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
26 ± 11 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2010
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

104Rb

mass number104
neutron number67
relative atomic mass
103.970531 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2018
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
RbMetal.JPG

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuziR. Bunsen, G. Kirchoff
location of discoveryGermany
Uvumbuzi1861
EtimolojiaLatin: rubidus (deep red); the color its salts impart to flames.
pronunciationroo-BID-i-em (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (Bahari)
0.12 mg/L
natural abundance (Mwili)
0.00046 %
natural abundance (Kimondo)
0.00032 %
natural abundance (Jua)
0.000003 %
Abundance in Universe
0.000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.7922
2p3.9612
2s9.8432
3d15.3208
3p15.6967
3s15.1573
4p26.1192
4s24.612
5s32.0155