Ròidiam (Rh)

chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45

Atomic Number	45
Atomic Weight	102.9055
mass number	103

Group	9
Period	5
Block	d

proton	45 p⁺
neutron	58 n⁰
electron	45 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	135 pm 233 pm
molar volume	8.3 cm³/mol
covalent radius	125 pm 110 pm 106 pm 142 pm
Metallic Radius	125 pm 134 pm
ionic radius	66.5 pm 60 pm 55 pm
Crystal Radius	80.5 pm 74 pm 69 pm
Van der Waals radius	200 pm 210 pm 234 pm 292.9 pm
density	12.4 g/cm³ 10,700 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

lùth

proton affinity	768 kJ/mol
electron affinity	1.137 eV/particle
ionization energy	7.4589 eV/particle 18.08 eV/particle 31.06 eV/particle 42 eV/particle 63 eV/particle 80 eV/particle 97 eV/particle 115.1 eV/particle 135 eV/particle 207.51 eV/particle 228 eV/particle 252.1 eV/particle 277 eV/particle 306 eV/particle 331.58 eV/particle 389 eV/particle 416 eV/particle 739 eV/particle 794 eV/particle 857 eV/particle 921 eV/particle 984 eV/particle 1,061 eV/particle 1,131 eV/particle 1,202 eV/particle 1,274 eV/particle 1,344 eV/particle 1,544 eV/particle 1,604.9 eV/particle 1,677.6 eV/particle 1,763 eV/particle 1,851 eV/particle 1,903 eV/particle 2,063 eV/particle 2,129.224 eV/particle 5,018 eV/particle 5,203 eV/particle 5,406 eV/particle 5,600 eV/particle 5,940 eV/particle 6,161 eV/particle 6,444 eV/particle 6,623.262 eV/particle 27,486.982 eV/particle 28,311.96 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	494 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	21.8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	556 kJ/mol
electron

electron shell	2, 8, 18, 16, 1

valence electron	1 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d⁸ 5s¹

oxidation number	-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
electronegativity	9.259 eV/particle 0.1408379 2.28
Electrophilicity Index	1.4609827901817496 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3,968.15 K
Melting Point	2,236.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
dath	Black #ff1493 #0a7d8c #0a7d8c
appearance	silvery white metallic
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	150 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0.000008 1/K
molar heat capacity	24.98 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.243 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	23 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0.00000004300000000003 Ω*m
superconductivity
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000136 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.0000000014 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.0001693
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.8 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	1,100 MPa 6 MPa 1,246 MPa
bulk modulus	380 GPa
shear modulus	150 GPa
Young's modulus	275 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0.26
speed of sound	4,700 m/s
classification
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIIA
IUPAC Group	VIII
Glawe Number	63
Mendeleev Number	64
Pettifor Number	66
Geochemical Class	noble metal
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

other

Gas Basicity	745.4 kJ/mol
polarizability	66 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	708 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	145
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.063
quantum number	4F9/2
space group	225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Rhodium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	40
Natural Isotopes	1

⁸⁸Rh

mass number	88
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	87.960429 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

⁸⁹Rh

mass number	89
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	88.950992 ± 0.000387 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

⁹⁰Rh

mass number	90
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	89.944569 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	29 ± 3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.7%

⁹¹Rh

mass number	91
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	90.937123 ± 0.00032 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.47 ± 0.22 s
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	1.3%

⁹²Rh

mass number	92
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	91.932367692 ± 0.0000047 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5.61 ± 0.08 s
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	2.05%

⁹³Rh

mass number	93
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	92.925912778 ± 0.000002821 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	13.9 ± 1.6 s
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁴Rh

mass number	94
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	93.92173045 ± 0.000003627 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	70.6 ± 0.6 s
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1979
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	1.8%

⁹⁵Rh

mass number	95
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	94.915897893 ± 0.000004171 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5.02 ± 0.1 m
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1967
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁶Rh

mass number	96
neutron number	51
Relative Atomic Mass	95.914451705 ± 0.000010737 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	9.9 ± 0.1 m
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1967
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁷Rh

mass number	97
neutron number	52
Relative Atomic Mass	96.911327872 ± 0.000038071 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	30.7 ± 0.6 m
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1955
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁸Rh

mass number	98
neutron number	53
Relative Atomic Mass	97.910707734 ± 0.000012782 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8.72 ± 0.12 m
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1955
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁹Rh

mass number	99
neutron number	54
Relative Atomic Mass	98.908121241 ± 0.000020881 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	16.1 ± 0.2 d
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1952
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰⁰Rh

mass number	100
neutron number	55
Relative Atomic Mass	99.908114147 ± 0.000019458 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	20.8 ± 0.1 h
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1948
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
ϵ (electron capture)	95.1%
e⁺ (positron emission)	4.9%

¹⁰¹Rh

mass number	101
neutron number	56
Relative Atomic Mass	100.906158903 ± 0.00000627 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4.07 ± 0.05 y
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1948
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁰²Rh

mass number	102
neutron number	57
Relative Atomic Mass	101.906834282 ± 0.00000688 Da
g-factor	0.25 ± 0.2
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	207 ± 1.5 d
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1941
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	78%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	22%

¹⁰³Rh

mass number	103
neutron number	58
Relative Atomic Mass	102.905494081 ± 0.00000247 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	100
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1934
parity	-

¹⁰⁴Rh

mass number	104
neutron number	59
Relative Atomic Mass	103.906645309 ± 0.000002471 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	42.3 ± 0.4 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1939
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	99.55%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	0.45%

¹⁰⁵Rh

mass number	105
neutron number	60
Relative Atomic Mass	104.905687787 ± 0.000002685 Da
g-factor	1.26 ± 0.014285714285714
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	35.341 ± 0.019 h
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1945
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁶Rh

mass number	106
neutron number	61
Relative Atomic Mass	105.907285879 ± 0.000005786 Da
g-factor	2.55 ± 0.03
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	30.07 ± 0.35 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1947
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁷Rh

mass number	107
neutron number	62
Relative Atomic Mass	106.906747975 ± 0.000012937 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	21.7 ± 0.4 m
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1951
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁸Rh

mass number	108
neutron number	63
Relative Atomic Mass	107.908715304 ± 0.000015026 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	16.8 ± 0.5 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1955
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁹Rh

mass number	109
neutron number	64
Relative Atomic Mass	108.908749555 ± 0.000004336 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	80.8 ± 0.7 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1972
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁰Rh

mass number	110
neutron number	65
Relative Atomic Mass	109.911079745 ± 0.000019114 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.35 ± 0.12 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1963
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹¹Rh

mass number	111
neutron number	66
Relative Atomic Mass	110.911643164 ± 0.000007356 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11 ± 1 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1975
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹²Rh

mass number	112
neutron number	67
Relative Atomic Mass	111.914405199 ± 0.000047327 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3.4 ± 0.4 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1972
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹³Rh

mass number	113
neutron number	68
Relative Atomic Mass	112.915440212 ± 0.000007656 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.8 ± 0.12 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁴Rh

mass number	114
neutron number	69
Relative Atomic Mass	113.91872168 ± 0.000076824 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.85 ± 0.05 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1988
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁵Rh

mass number	115
neutron number	70
Relative Atomic Mass	114.920311649 ± 0.000007857 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.03 ± 3 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1988
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁶Rh

mass number	116
neutron number	71
Relative Atomic Mass	115.92406206 ± 0.000079261 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	685 ± 39 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1970
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.1%

¹¹⁷Rh

mass number	117
neutron number	72
Relative Atomic Mass	116.926036291 ± 0.000009548 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	421 ± 30 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1991
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	7.6%

¹¹⁸Rh

mass number	118
neutron number	73
Relative Atomic Mass	117.930341116 ± 0.000026018 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	282 ± 9 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3.1%

¹¹⁹Rh

mass number	119
neutron number	74
Relative Atomic Mass	118.932556951 ± 0.00001 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	190 ± 6 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.4%

¹²⁰Rh

mass number	120
neutron number	75
Relative Atomic Mass	119.937069 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	129.6 ± 4.2 ms
spin	8
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	9.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²¹Rh

mass number	121
neutron number	76
Relative Atomic Mass	120.939613 ± 0.000665 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	74 ± 4 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	11%

¹²²Rh

mass number	122
neutron number	77
Relative Atomic Mass	121.944305 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	51 ± 6 ms
spin	7
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1997
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3.9%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²³Rh

mass number	123
neutron number	78
Relative Atomic Mass	122.947192 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	42 ± 4 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	24%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁴Rh

mass number	124
neutron number	79
Relative Atomic Mass	123.952002 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	30 ± 2 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	31%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁵Rh

mass number	125
neutron number	80
Relative Atomic Mass	124.955094 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	26.5 ± 2 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁶Rh

mass number	126
neutron number	81
Relative Atomic Mass	125.960064 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	19 ± 3 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁷Rh

mass number	127
neutron number	82
Relative Atomic Mass	126.963789 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	28 ± 14 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2015
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁸Rh

mass number	128
neutron number	83
Relative Atomic Mass	127.970649 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2018
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

eachdraidh

discoverer or inventor	William Wollaston
location of discovery	England
time of discovery or invention	1803
Facal-fhreumachd	Greek: rhodon (rose). Its salts give a rosy solution.
pronunciation	RO-di-em (Beurla)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.001 mg/kg
natural abundance (cuan)
natural abundance (human body)
natural abundance (Dreag)	0.000018 %
natural abundance (Grian)	0.0000002 %
Abundance in Universe	0.00000006 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.9244
2	p	4.0596
2	s	11.8454
3	d	14.595
3	p	16.8456
3	s	16.5615
4	d	31.5576
4	p	27.8604
4	s	26.4184
5	s	38.3605

Ròidiam on ChemicalAid

Ròidiam (Rh)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Rhodium

88Rh

89Rh

90Rh

91Rh

92Rh

93Rh

94Rh

95Rh

96Rh

97Rh

98Rh

99Rh

100Rh

101Rh

102Rh

103Rh

104Rh

105Rh

106Rh

107Rh

108Rh

109Rh

110Rh

111Rh

112Rh

113Rh

114Rh

115Rh

116Rh

117Rh

118Rh

119Rh

120Rh

121Rh

122Rh

123Rh

124Rh

125Rh

126Rh

127Rh

128Rh

eachdraidh

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁸⁸Rh

⁸⁹Rh

⁹⁰Rh

⁹¹Rh

⁹²Rh

⁹³Rh

⁹⁴Rh

⁹⁵Rh

⁹⁶Rh

⁹⁷Rh

⁹⁸Rh

⁹⁹Rh

¹⁰⁰Rh

¹⁰¹Rh

¹⁰²Rh

¹⁰³Rh

¹⁰⁴Rh

¹⁰⁵Rh

¹⁰⁶Rh

¹⁰⁷Rh

¹⁰⁸Rh

¹⁰⁹Rh

¹¹⁰Rh

¹¹¹Rh

¹¹²Rh

¹¹³Rh

¹¹⁴Rh

¹¹⁵Rh

¹¹⁶Rh

¹¹⁷Rh

¹¹⁸Rh

¹¹⁹Rh

¹²⁰Rh

¹²¹Rh

¹²²Rh

¹²³Rh

¹²⁴Rh

¹²⁵Rh

¹²⁶Rh

¹²⁷Rh

¹²⁸Rh