Ruteenium (Ru)

chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44

Atomic Number	44
Atomic Weight	101.07
massiarv	102

Group	8
Period	5
Block	d

prooton	44 p⁺
neutron	58 n⁰
elektron	44 e^-

Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Ru (Ruteenium)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius	130 pm 237 pm
molaarruumala	8,3 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	125 pm 114 pm 103 pm 146 pm
Metallic Radius	125 pm 134 pm
ionic radius	68 pm 62 pm 56,5 pm 38 pm 36 pm
Crystal Radius	82 pm 76 pm 70,5 pm 52 pm 50 pm
Van der Waals radius	205 pm 213 pm 234 pm 296,3 pm
density	12,1 g/cm³ 10 650 kg/m³

Keemilised Omadused

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity	774 kJ/mol
Elektronafiinsus	1,05 eV/particle
ionization energy	7,3605 eV/particle 16,76 eV/particle 28,47 eV/particle 45 eV/particle 59 eV/particle 76 eV/particle 93 eV/particle 110 eV/particle 178,4 eV/particle 198 eV/particle 219,9 eV/particle 245 eV/particle 271 eV/particle 295,9 eV/particle 348 eV/particle 376,25 eV/particle 670 eV/particle 723 eV/particle 784 eV/particle 845 eV/particle 905 eV/particle 981 eV/particle 1 048 eV/particle 1 115 eV/particle 1 187 eV/particle 1 253 eV/particle 1 447 eV/particle 1 506,7 eV/particle 1 577 eV/particle 1 659 eV/particle 1 743 eV/particle 1 794 eV/particle 1 949 eV/particle 2 013,037 eV/particle 4 758 eV/particle 4 939 eV/particle 5 136 eV/particle 5 330 eV/particle 5 647 eV/particle 5 862 eV/particle 6 137 eV/particle 6 311,72 eV/particle 26 229,894 eV/particle 27 033,5 eV/particle

aurustumissoojus
sulamissoojus	25,5 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	650,6 kJ/mol
elektron

elektronkiht	2, 8, 18, 15, 1

valentselektron	1 ⓘ

elektronkonfiguratsioon	[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d⁷ 5s¹

oksüdatsiooniaste	-4, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
elektronegatiivsus	9,1 eV/particle 0.1376494 2.2
Electrophilicity Index	1,4011669093178039 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	4 420,15 K
Melting Point	2 606,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus	Black #ff1493 #248f8f #248f8f
Välimus	silvery white metallic
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	117 W/(m K)
soojuspaisumine	0,0000064 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,06 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,238 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Elektrijuhtivus	14 MS/m
Eritakistus	0,00000007000000000002 Ω*m
Ülijuhtivus	0,49 K
Magnetism
type	paramagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)	0,00000000542 m³/Kg
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)	0,000000000548 m³/mol
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)	0,000067
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	2,7 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
kõvadus	2 160 MPa 6,5 MPa
Ruumpaisumismoodul	220 GPa
Nihkeelastsusmoodul	173 GPa
Normaalelastsusmoodul	447 GPa
Poissoni tegur	0,3
heli kiirus	5 970 m/s
Klassifitseerimine
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIIA
IUPAC Group	VIII
Glawe Number	61
Mendeleev Number	60
Pettifor Number	63
Geochemical Class	noble metal
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

teine

Gas Basicity	751,4 kJ/mol
polarizability	72 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	809 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	2,6
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0009
Kvantarv	5F5
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Ruthenium

Stable Isotopes	5
Unstable Isotopes	36
Natural Isotopes	7

⁸⁵Ru

massiarv	85
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	84,967117 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2013
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

⁸⁶Ru

massiarv	86
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	85,957305 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2013
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁷Ru

massiarv	87
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	86,950907 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1995
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁸Ru

massiarv	88
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	87,941664 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,5 ± 0,3 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	3.6%

⁸⁹Ru

massiarv	89
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	88,937337849 ± 0,000026 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,32 ± 0,03 s
spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1992
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	3.1%

⁹⁰Ru

massiarv	90
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	89,930344378 ± 0,000004004 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	11,7 ± 0,9 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1991
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹¹Ru

massiarv	91
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	90,92674153 ± 0,000002384 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8 ± 0,4 s
spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1983
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁹²Ru

massiarv	92
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	91,920234373 ± 0,000002917 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	3,65 ± 0,05 m
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹³Ru

massiarv	93
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	92,917104442 ± 0,000002216 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	59,7 ± 0,6 s
spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1972
parity

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁴Ru

massiarv	94
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	93,91134286 ± 0,000003374 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	51,8 ± 0,6 m
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1952
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁵Ru

massiarv	95
neutron number	51
Relative Atomic Mass	94,910404415 ± 0,0000102 Da
g-factor	0,3444 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,607 ± 0,004 h
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1948
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁶Ru

massiarv	96
neutron number	52
Relative Atomic Mass	95,90758891 ± 0,000000182 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	5,54 ± 0,14
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁹⁷Ru

massiarv	97
neutron number	53
Relative Atomic Mass	96,907545776 ± 0,000002965 Da
g-factor	0,3148 ± 0,0032
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,837 ± 0,0014 d
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1946
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁸Ru

massiarv	98
neutron number	54
Relative Atomic Mass	97,905286709 ± 0,000006937 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	1,87 ± 0,03
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1944
parity	+

⁹⁹Ru

massiarv	99
neutron number	55
Relative Atomic Mass	98,905930284 ± 0,000000368 Da
g-factor	−0,2564 ± 0,002
natural abundance	12,76 ± 0,14
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,079 ± 0,004
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

¹⁰⁰Ru

massiarv	100
neutron number	56
Relative Atomic Mass	99,90421046 ± 0,000000367 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	12,6 ± 0,07
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

¹⁰¹Ru

massiarv	101
neutron number	57
Relative Atomic Mass	100,905573086 ± 0,000000443 Da
g-factor	−0,2872 ± 0,0024
natural abundance	17,06 ± 0,02
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,46 ± 0,02
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

¹⁰²Ru

massiarv	102
neutron number	58
Relative Atomic Mass	101,904340312 ± 0,000000446 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	31,55 ± 0,14
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

¹⁰³Ru

massiarv	103
neutron number	59
Relative Atomic Mass	102,906314846 ± 0,000000473 Da
g-factor	0,13733333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	39,245 ± 0,008 d
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,62 ± 0,02
avastamise aeg	1945
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁴Ru

massiarv	104
neutron number	60
Relative Atomic Mass	103,905425312 ± 0,000002682 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	18,62 ± 0,27
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1931
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

¹⁰⁵Ru

massiarv	105
neutron number	61
Relative Atomic Mass	104,907745478 ± 0,000002683 Da
g-factor	0,2 ± 0,13333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	4,439 ± 0,011 h
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1945
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁶Ru

massiarv	106
neutron number	62
Relative Atomic Mass	105,907328181 ± 0,000005787 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	371,8 ± 1,8 d
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1948
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁷Ru

massiarv	107
neutron number	63
Relative Atomic Mass	106,909969837 ± 0,00000931 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	3,75 ± 0,05 m
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1951
parity

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁸Ru

massiarv	108
neutron number	64
Relative Atomic Mass	107,910185793 ± 0,000009318 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	4,55 ± 0,05 m
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1955
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁹Ru

massiarv	109
neutron number	65
Relative Atomic Mass	108,913323707 ± 0,000009612 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	34,4 ± 0,2 s
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1967
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁰Ru

massiarv	110
neutron number	66
Relative Atomic Mass	109,914038501 ± 0,00000958 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	12,04 ± 0,17 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹¹Ru

massiarv	111
neutron number	67
Relative Atomic Mass	110,917567566 ± 0,000010394 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,12 ± 0,07 s
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹²Ru

massiarv	112
neutron number	68
Relative Atomic Mass	111,918806922 ± 0,000010305 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,75 ± 0,07 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹³Ru

massiarv	113
neutron number	69
Relative Atomic Mass	112,922846729 ± 0,000041097 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	800 ± 50 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1988
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁴Ru

massiarv	114
neutron number	70
Relative Atomic Mass	113,92461443 ± 0,000003817 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	540 ± 30 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1991
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁵Ru

massiarv	115
neutron number	71
Relative Atomic Mass	114,929033049 ± 0,000027016 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	318 ± 19 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1992
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁶Ru

massiarv	116
neutron number	72
Relative Atomic Mass	115,931219191 ± 0,000004 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	204 ± 6 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁷Ru

massiarv	117
neutron number	73
Relative Atomic Mass	116,936135 ± 0,000465 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	151 ± 3 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁸Ru

massiarv	118
neutron number	74
Relative Atomic Mass	117,938808 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	99 ± 3 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁹Ru

massiarv	119
neutron number	75
Relative Atomic Mass	118,94409 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	69,5 ± 2 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁰Ru

massiarv	120
neutron number	76
Relative Atomic Mass	119,946623 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	45 ± 2 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹²¹Ru

massiarv	121
neutron number	77
Relative Atomic Mass	120,952098 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	29 ± 2 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²²Ru

massiarv	122
neutron number	78
Relative Atomic Mass	121,955147 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	25 ± 1 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²³Ru

massiarv	123
neutron number	79
Relative Atomic Mass	122,960762 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	19 ± 2 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁴Ru

massiarv	124
neutron number	80
Relative Atomic Mass	123,96394 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	15 ± 3 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁵Ru

massiarv	125
neutron number	81
Relative Atomic Mass	124,969544 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2018
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastaja	Karl Klaus
location of discovery	Russia
avastamise aeg	1844
etümoloogia	Latin: Ruthenia (Russia).
pronunciation	roo-THE-ni-em (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0,001 mg/kg
natural abundance (ookean)	0,0000007 mg/L
natural abundance (Inimkeha)
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)	0,000081 %
natural abundance (Päike)	0,0000005 %
Abundance in Universe	0,0000004 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.9077
2	p	4.0492
2	s	11.6202
3	d	14.6411
3	p	16.7789
3	s	16.3988
4	d	31.1872
4	p	27.5652
4	s	26.344
5	s	37.5155

Ruteenium on ChemicalAid

Ruteenium (Ru)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Keemilised Omadused

teine

Isotopes of Ruthenium

85Ru

86Ru

87Ru

88Ru

89Ru

90Ru

91Ru

92Ru

93Ru

94Ru

95Ru

96Ru

97Ru

98Ru

99Ru

100Ru

101Ru

102Ru

103Ru

104Ru

105Ru

106Ru

107Ru

108Ru

109Ru

110Ru

111Ru

112Ru

113Ru

114Ru

115Ru

116Ru

117Ru

118Ru

119Ru

120Ru

121Ru

122Ru

123Ru

124Ru

125Ru

ajalugu

allikas

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁸⁵Ru

⁸⁶Ru

⁸⁷Ru

⁸⁸Ru

⁸⁹Ru

⁹⁰Ru

⁹¹Ru

⁹²Ru

⁹³Ru

⁹⁴Ru

⁹⁵Ru

⁹⁶Ru

⁹⁷Ru

⁹⁸Ru

⁹⁹Ru

¹⁰⁰Ru

¹⁰¹Ru

¹⁰²Ru

¹⁰³Ru

¹⁰⁴Ru

¹⁰⁵Ru

¹⁰⁶Ru

¹⁰⁷Ru

¹⁰⁸Ru

¹⁰⁹Ru

¹¹⁰Ru

¹¹¹Ru

¹¹²Ru

¹¹³Ru

¹¹⁴Ru

¹¹⁵Ru

¹¹⁶Ru

¹¹⁷Ru

¹¹⁸Ru

¹¹⁹Ru

¹²⁰Ru

¹²¹Ru

¹²²Ru

¹²³Ru

¹²⁴Ru

¹²⁵Ru