Ruten, ²Ruthenium (Ru)

element kimik me numrin atomik 44

Atomic Number	44
Atomic Weight	101.07
Numri i masës	102

Group	8
Period	5
Block	d

protoni	44 p⁺
neutroni	58 n⁰
elektroni	44 e^-

Animated Bohr model of Ru (Ruten, ²Ruthenium)

Tipar Fizik

Atomic Radius	130 pm 237 pm
molar volume	8,3 cm³/mol
covalent radius	125 pm 114 pm 103 pm 146 pm
Metallic Radius	125 pm 134 pm
ionic radius	68 pm 62 pm 56,5 pm 38 pm 36 pm
Crystal Radius	82 pm 76 pm 70,5 pm 52 pm 50 pm
Van der Waals radius	205 pm 213 pm 234 pm 296,3 pm
density	12,1 g/cm³ 10 650 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

energjia

proton affinity	774 kJ/mol
electron affinity	1,05 eV/particle
ionization energy	7,3605 eV/particle 16,76 eV/particle 28,47 eV/particle 45 eV/particle 59 eV/particle 76 eV/particle 93 eV/particle 110 eV/particle 178,4 eV/particle 198 eV/particle 219,9 eV/particle 245 eV/particle 271 eV/particle 295,9 eV/particle 348 eV/particle 376,25 eV/particle 670 eV/particle 723 eV/particle 784 eV/particle 845 eV/particle 905 eV/particle 981 eV/particle 1 048 eV/particle 1 115 eV/particle 1 187 eV/particle 1 253 eV/particle 1 447 eV/particle 1 506,7 eV/particle 1 577 eV/particle 1 659 eV/particle 1 743 eV/particle 1 794 eV/particle 1 949 eV/particle 2 013,037 eV/particle 4 758 eV/particle 4 939 eV/particle 5 136 eV/particle 5 330 eV/particle 5 647 eV/particle 5 862 eV/particle 6 137 eV/particle 6 311,72 eV/particle 26 229,894 eV/particle 27 033,5 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion	25,5 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	650,6 kJ/mol
elektroni

electron shell	2, 8, 18, 15, 1

valence electron	1 ⓘ

konfigurimi i elektronit	[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d⁷ 5s¹

oxidation number	-4, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Elektronegativiteti	9,1 eV/particle 0.1376494 2.2
Electrophilicity Index	1,4011669093178039 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

gjendja agregate e materies
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	4 420,15 K
Melting Point	2 606,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
Ngjyra	Black #ff1493 #248f8f #248f8f
appearance	silvery white metallic
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	117 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0,0000064 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,06 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,238 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	14 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0,00000007000000000002 Ω*m
Superpërcjellshmëria	0,49 K
Magnetizimi
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,00000000542 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000548 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,000067
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
strukturë
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	2,7 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness	2 160 MPa 6,5 MPa
bulk modulus	220 GPa
shear modulus	173 GPa
Young's modulus	447 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0,3
Shpejtësia e zërit	5 970 m/s
klasifikim
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIIA
IUPAC Group	VIII
Glawe Number	61
Mendeleev Number	60
Pettifor Number	63
Geochemical Class	noble metal
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

other

Gas Basicity	751,4 kJ/mol
polarizability	72 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	809 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	2,6
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0009
numër kuantik	5F5
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Ruthenium

Stable Isotopes	5
Unstable Isotopes	36
Natural Isotopes	7

⁸⁵Ru

Numri i masës	85
numri i neutroneve	41
Relative Atomic Mass	84,967117 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2013
parity	-

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

⁸⁶Ru

Numri i masës	86
numri i neutroneve	42
Relative Atomic Mass	85,957305 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2013
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁷Ru

Numri i masës	87
numri i neutroneve	43
Relative Atomic Mass	86,950907 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1995
parity	-

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁸⁸Ru

Numri i masës	88
numri i neutroneve	44
Relative Atomic Mass	87,941664 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1,5 ± 0,3 s
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	3.6%

⁸⁹Ru

Numri i masës	89
numri i neutroneve	45
Relative Atomic Mass	88,937337849 ± 0,000026 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1,32 ± 0,03 s
Spini	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	3.1%

⁹⁰Ru

Numri i masës	90
numri i neutroneve	46
Relative Atomic Mass	89,930344378 ± 0,000004004 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11,7 ± 0,9 s
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1991
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹¹Ru

Numri i masës	91
numri i neutroneve	47
Relative Atomic Mass	90,92674153 ± 0,000002384 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8 ± 0,4 s
Spini	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1983
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁹²Ru

Numri i masës	92
numri i neutroneve	48
Relative Atomic Mass	91,920234373 ± 0,000002917 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3,65 ± 0,05 m
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹³Ru

Numri i masës	93
numri i neutroneve	49
Relative Atomic Mass	92,917104442 ± 0,000002216 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	59,7 ± 0,6 s
Spini	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1972
parity

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁴Ru

Numri i masës	94
numri i neutroneve	50
Relative Atomic Mass	93,91134286 ± 0,000003374 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	51,8 ± 0,6 m
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1952
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁵Ru

Numri i masës	95
numri i neutroneve	51
Relative Atomic Mass	94,910404415 ± 0,0000102 Da
g-factor	0,3444 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1,607 ± 0,004 h
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1948
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁶Ru

Numri i masës	96
numri i neutroneve	52
Relative Atomic Mass	95,90758891 ± 0,000000182 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	5,54 ± 0,14
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁹⁷Ru

Numri i masës	97
numri i neutroneve	53
Relative Atomic Mass	96,907545776 ± 0,000002965 Da
g-factor	0,3148 ± 0,0032
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2,837 ± 0,0014 d
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1946
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁹⁸Ru

Numri i masës	98
numri i neutroneve	54
Relative Atomic Mass	97,905286709 ± 0,000006937 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	1,87 ± 0,03
Radioaktivitet	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1944
parity	+

⁹⁹Ru

Numri i masës	99
numri i neutroneve	55
Relative Atomic Mass	98,905930284 ± 0,000000368 Da
g-factor	-0,2564 ± 0,002
natural abundance	12,76 ± 0,14
Radioaktivitet	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,079 ± 0,004
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

¹⁰⁰Ru

Numri i masës	100
numri i neutroneve	56
Relative Atomic Mass	99,90421046 ± 0,000000367 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	12,6 ± 0,07
Radioaktivitet	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

¹⁰¹Ru

Numri i masës	101
numri i neutroneve	57
Relative Atomic Mass	100,905573086 ± 0,000000443 Da
g-factor	-0,2872 ± 0,0024
natural abundance	17,06 ± 0,02
Radioaktivitet	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,46 ± 0,02
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

¹⁰²Ru

Numri i masës	102
numri i neutroneve	58
Relative Atomic Mass	101,904340312 ± 0,000000446 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	31,55 ± 0,14
Radioaktivitet	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

¹⁰³Ru

Numri i masës	103
numri i neutroneve	59
Relative Atomic Mass	102,906314846 ± 0,000000473 Da
g-factor	0,13733333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	39,245 ± 0,008 d
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,62 ± 0,02
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1945
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁴Ru

Numri i masës	104
numri i neutroneve	60
Relative Atomic Mass	103,905425312 ± 0,000002682 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	18,62 ± 0,27
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1931
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

¹⁰⁵Ru

Numri i masës	105
numri i neutroneve	61
Relative Atomic Mass	104,907745478 ± 0,000002683 Da
g-factor	0,2 ± 0,13333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4,439 ± 0,011 h
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1945
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁶Ru

Numri i masës	106
numri i neutroneve	62
Relative Atomic Mass	105,907328181 ± 0,000005787 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	371,8 ± 1,8 d
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1948
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁷Ru

Numri i masës	107
numri i neutroneve	63
Relative Atomic Mass	106,909969837 ± 0,00000931 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	3,75 ± 0,05 m
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1951
parity

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁸Ru

Numri i masës	108
numri i neutroneve	64
Relative Atomic Mass	107,910185793 ± 0,000009318 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4,55 ± 0,05 m
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1955
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁰⁹Ru

Numri i masës	109
numri i neutroneve	65
Relative Atomic Mass	108,913323707 ± 0,000009612 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	34,4 ± 0,2 s
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1967
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁰Ru

Numri i masës	110
numri i neutroneve	66
Relative Atomic Mass	109,914038501 ± 0,00000958 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	12,04 ± 0,17 s
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1970
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹¹Ru

Numri i masës	111
numri i neutroneve	67
Relative Atomic Mass	110,917567566 ± 0,000010394 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2,12 ± 0,07 s
Spini	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹²Ru

Numri i masës	112
numri i neutroneve	68
Relative Atomic Mass	111,918806922 ± 0,000010305 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1,75 ± 0,07 s
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1970
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹³Ru

Numri i masës	113
numri i neutroneve	69
Relative Atomic Mass	112,922846729 ± 0,000041097 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	800 ± 50 ms
Spini	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1988
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁴Ru

Numri i masës	114
numri i neutroneve	70
Relative Atomic Mass	113,92461443 ± 0,000003817 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	540 ± 30 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1991
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹¹⁵Ru

Numri i masës	115
numri i neutroneve	71
Relative Atomic Mass	114,929033049 ± 0,000027016 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	318 ± 19 ms
Spini	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1992
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁶Ru

Numri i masës	116
numri i neutroneve	72
Relative Atomic Mass	115,931219191 ± 0,000004 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	204 ± 6 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁷Ru

Numri i masës	117
numri i neutroneve	73
Relative Atomic Mass	116,936135 ± 0,000465 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	151 ± 3 ms
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁸Ru

Numri i masës	118
numri i neutroneve	74
Relative Atomic Mass	117,938808 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	99 ± 3 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹¹⁹Ru

Numri i masës	119
numri i neutroneve	75
Relative Atomic Mass	118,94409 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	69,5 ± 2 ms
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁰Ru

Numri i masës	120
numri i neutroneve	76
Relative Atomic Mass	119,946623 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	45 ± 2 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹²¹Ru

Numri i masës	121
numri i neutroneve	77
Relative Atomic Mass	120,952098 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	29 ± 2 ms
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²²Ru

Numri i masës	122
numri i neutroneve	78
Relative Atomic Mass	121,955147 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	25 ± 1 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²³Ru

Numri i masës	123
numri i neutroneve	79
Relative Atomic Mass	122,960762 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	19 ± 2 ms
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁴Ru

Numri i masës	124
numri i neutroneve	80
Relative Atomic Mass	123,96394 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	15 ± 3 ms
Spini	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2010
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹²⁵Ru

Numri i masës	125
numri i neutroneve	81
Relative Atomic Mass	124,969544 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Spini	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	2018
parity	+

decay mode	intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historia

zbulues	Karl Klaus
vendndodhja e zbulimit	Russia
koha e zbulimit apo shpikjes	1844
Etimologjia	Latin: Ruthenia (Russia).
pronunciation	roo-THE-ni-em (anglisht)

burim

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0,001 mg/kg
natural abundance (Oqeani)	0,0000007 mg/L
natural abundance (Trupi i njeriut)
natural abundance (meteoroid)	0,000081 %
natural abundance (Diell)	0,0000005 %
Abundance in Universe	0,0000004 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.9077
2	p	4.0492
2	s	11.6202
3	d	14.6411
3	p	16.7789
3	s	16.3988
4	d	31.1872
4	p	27.5652
4	s	26.344
5	s	37.5155

Ruten, ²Ruthenium on ChemicalAid

Ruten, ²Ruthenium (Ru)

Tipar Fizik

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Ruthenium

85Ru

86Ru

87Ru

88Ru

89Ru

90Ru

91Ru

92Ru

93Ru

94Ru

95Ru

96Ru

97Ru

98Ru

99Ru

100Ru

101Ru

102Ru

103Ru

104Ru

105Ru

106Ru

107Ru

108Ru

109Ru

110Ru

111Ru

112Ru

113Ru

114Ru

115Ru

116Ru

117Ru

118Ru

119Ru

120Ru

121Ru

122Ru

123Ru

124Ru

125Ru

historia

burim

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁸⁵Ru

⁸⁶Ru

⁸⁷Ru

⁸⁸Ru

⁸⁹Ru

⁹⁰Ru

⁹¹Ru

⁹²Ru

⁹³Ru

⁹⁴Ru

⁹⁵Ru

⁹⁶Ru

⁹⁷Ru

⁹⁸Ru

⁹⁹Ru

¹⁰⁰Ru

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