Silisyum (Si)

chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14

Atomic Number	14
Atomic Weight	28.085
Hejmara baristeyî	28

Group	14
Period	3
Block	p

Proton	14 p⁺
Notron	14 n⁰
Kareva	14 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	110 pm 232 pm
molar volume	12,1 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	116 pm 107 pm 102 pm 117 pm 111 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm 138 pm
ionic radius	26 pm 40 pm
Crystal Radius	40 pm 54 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm 210 pm 427 pm 210 pm 229 pm 429,5 pm
density	2,3296 g/cm³ 2.570 kg/m³

Chemical Property

wize

proton affinity	837 kJ/mol
electron affinity	1,3895211 eV/particle
ionization energy	8,151683 eV/particle 16,345845 eV/particle 33,493 eV/particle 45,14179 eV/particle 166,767 eV/particle 205,267 eV/particle 246,32 eV/particle 303,66 eV/particle 351,1 eV/particle 401,38 eV/particle 476,18 eV/particle 523,415 eV/particle 2.437,65804 eV/particle 2.673,1774 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	383 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	50,6 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	450 kJ/mol
Kareva

electron shell	2, 8, 4

valence electron	4 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ne] 3s² 3p²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²

oxidation number	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
electronegativity	11,33 eV/particle 0.178503 1.9
Electrophilicity Index	1,6827934805482991 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3.538,15 K
Melting Point	1.687,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
color	Gray #daa520 #f0c8a0 #f0c8a0
appearance	crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	149 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0,0000026 1/K
molar heat capacity	19,99 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,712 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Semiconductor
electrical conductivity	0,001 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0,001 Ω*m
superconductivity
magnetism
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0,0000000016 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0,0000000000449 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0,00000373
magnetic ordering
Germahiya Curie
Néel temperature
pêkhate
Crystal Structure	Tetrahedral Packing (DIA)
lattice constant	5,43 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	6,5 MPa
bulk modulus	100 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus	47 GPa
Poisson's ratio
Leza dengê	2.200 m/s
classification
Category	Metalloids, Metalloids
CAS Group	IVB
IUPAC Group	IVA
Glawe Number	85
Mendeleev Number	88
Pettifor Number	85
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	814,1 kJ/mol
polarizability	37,3 ± 0,7 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	305 a₀ 308 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,166
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0002
quantum number	3P0
space group	227 (Fd_3m)

Isotopes of Silicon

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	21
Natural Isotopes	3

²²Si

Hejmara baristeyî	22
neutron number	8
Giraniya Atomê	22,036114 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	28,7 ± 1,1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1987
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	62%
2p (2-proton emission)	0.7%

²³Si

Hejmara baristeyî	23
neutron number	9
Giraniya Atomê	23,025711 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	42,3 ± 0,4 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1986
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	88%
2p (2-proton emission)	3.6%

²⁴Si

Hejmara baristeyî	24
neutron number	10
Giraniya Atomê	24,01153543 ± 0,000020904 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	143,2 ± 2,1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1979
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	34.5%

²⁵Si

Hejmara baristeyî	25
neutron number	11
Giraniya Atomê	25,004108798 ± 0,000010735 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	220,6 ± 1 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1963
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	35%

²⁶Si

Hejmara baristeyî	26
neutron number	12
Giraniya Atomê	25,992333818 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2,2453 ± 0,0007 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1960
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁷Si

Hejmara baristeyî	27
neutron number	13
Giraniya Atomê	26,986704687 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor	0,34608 ± 0,00012
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4,117 ± 0,014 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,063 ± 0,014
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1939
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁸Si

Hejmara baristeyî	28
neutron number	14
Giraniya Atomê	27,97692653442 ± 0,00000000055 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	92,2545 ± 0,0037
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1920
parity	+

²⁹Si

Hejmara baristeyî	29
neutron number	15
Giraniya Atomê	28,97649466434 ± 0,0000000006 Da
g-factor	-1,110104 ± 0,000006
natural abundance	4,672 ± 0,016
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1920
parity	+

³⁰Si

Hejmara baristeyî	30
neutron number	16
Giraniya Atomê	29,973770137 ± 0,000000023 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	3,0735 ± 0,0021
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1924
parity	+

³¹Si

Hejmara baristeyî	31
neutron number	17
Giraniya Atomê	30,975363196 ± 0,000000046 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	157,16 ± 0,2 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1934
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³²Si

Hejmara baristeyî	32
neutron number	18
Giraniya Atomê	31,974151538 ± 0,00000032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	157 ± 7 y
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1953
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³³Si

Hejmara baristeyî	33
neutron number	19
Giraniya Atomê	32,977976964 ± 0,00000075 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	6,18 ± 0,18 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁴Si

Hejmara baristeyî	34
neutron number	20
Giraniya Atomê	33,978538045 ± 0,00000086 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2,77 ± 0,2 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁵Si

Hejmara baristeyî	35
neutron number	21
Giraniya Atomê	34,984550111 ± 0,000038494 Da
g-factor	0,46828571428571 ± 0,0011428571428571
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	780 ± 120 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1971
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5%

³⁶Si

Hejmara baristeyî	36
neutron number	22
Giraniya Atomê	35,986649271 ± 0,000077077 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	503 ± 2 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	12%

³⁷Si

Hejmara baristeyî	37
neutron number	23
Giraniya Atomê	36,992945191 ± 0,000122179 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	141 ± 3,5 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1979
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	17%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Si

Hejmara baristeyî	38
neutron number	24
Giraniya Atomê	37,995523 ± 0,0001125 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	63 ± 8 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1979
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25%

³⁹Si

Hejmara baristeyî	39
neutron number	25
Giraniya Atomê	39,002491 ± 0,0001455 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	41,2 ± 4,1 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1979
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	33%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁰Si

Hejmara baristeyî	40
neutron number	26
Giraniya Atomê	40,006083641 ± 0,000130962 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	31,2 ± 2,6 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1989
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	38%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Si

Hejmara baristeyî	41
neutron number	27
Giraniya Atomê	41,014171 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	20 ± 2,5 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1989
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	55%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴²Si

Hejmara baristeyî	42
neutron number	28
Giraniya Atomê	42,018078 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	12,5 ± 3,5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1990
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴³Si

Hejmara baristeyî	43
neutron number	29
Giraniya Atomê	43,026119 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	2002
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁴Si

Hejmara baristeyî	44
neutron number	30
Giraniya Atomê	44,031466 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	2007
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁵Si

Hejmara baristeyî	45
neutron number	31
Giraniya Atomê	45,039818 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

dîrok

kaşîf an îcadker	Jöns Berzelius
location of discovery	Sweden
dema îcadkirinê yan keşfê	1824
Bêjenasî	Latin: silex, silicus, (flint).
pronunciation	SIL-i-ken (îngilîzî)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	282.000 mg/kg
natural abundance (Okyanûs)	2,2 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)	0,026 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)	14 %
natural abundance (Roj)	0,09 %
Abundance in Universe	0,07 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4255
2	p	4.055
2	s	4.98
3	p	9.7148
3	s	9.0968

Silisyum on ChemicalAid

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011769
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3575
BNCF Thesaurus ID	38210
Bibliothèque nationale de France ID	11976956v
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	silicium
CAS Registry Number	7440-21-3
ChEBI ID	27573
ChemSpider ID	4574465
CosIng number	96140
Cultureel Woordenboek ID	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/silicium
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID5030038
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID0051441
Den Store Danske ID	silicium
DrugBank ID	12982
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.300
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/silicon
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	silicium
Fandom article ID	memory-alpha:Silicon
Freebase ID	/m/025sf80
French Vikidia ID	Silicium
GND ID	4077445-4
Golden ID	Silicon-K4P5N
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	2109143
HSDB ID	5033
ICSC ID	1508
InChI	InChI=1S/Si
InChIKey	XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Silicon
KEGG ID	C06263
Krugosvet article	himiya/kremniy
LEM ID	LEM201008365
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	117852
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85122512
MeSH descriptor ID	D012825
NALT ID	55167
NDL Authority ID	00565390
NKCR AUT ID	ph122083
Namuwiki ID	규소
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007543750105171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	3421
OpenAlex ID	C544956773
PSH ID	5797
Probes And Drugs ID	PD143900
PubChem CID	5461123
RxNorm ID	9774
Römpp online ID	RD-19-02444
Store norske leksikon ID	silisium
Treccani ID	silicio
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	12808
UNII	Z4152N8IUI
USGS Thesaurus ID	1575
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Silicon"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14678720-n
YSO ID	15609
ZVG number	8110

Silisyum (Si)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Silicon

22Si

23Si

24Si

25Si

26Si

27Si

28Si

29Si

30Si

31Si

32Si

33Si

34Si

35Si

36Si

37Si

38Si

39Si

40Si

41Si

42Si

43Si

44Si

45Si

dîrok

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²Si

²³Si

²⁴Si

²⁵Si

²⁶Si

²⁷Si

²⁸Si

²⁹Si

³⁰Si

³¹Si

³²Si

³³Si

³⁴Si

³⁵Si

³⁶Si

³⁷Si

³⁸Si

³⁹Si

⁴⁰Si

⁴¹Si

⁴²Si

⁴³Si

⁴⁴Si

⁴⁵Si