Kremniy

Kremniy (Si)

chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14
Atomic Number14
Atomic Weight28.085
mass number28
Group14
Period3
Blockp
Proton14 p+
Neytron14 n0
Elektron14 e-
Animated Bohr model of Si (Kremniy)

Fizik Xossa

Atom Radiusi
110 pm
Molyar hajm
Kovalentlik Radiusi
116 pm
Metallic Radius
117 pm
Ion radiuslar
26 pm
Crystal Radius
40 pm
Van der Waals radius
210 pm
density
2,3296 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Kremniy0153045607590105120135150165180195210pmAtom RadiusiKovalentlik RadiusiMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

energiya
proton affinity
837 kJ/mol
electron affinity
1,3895211 eV/particle
ionization energy
8,151683 eV/particle
ionization energy of Si (Kremniy)
Solishtirma qaynash issiqligi
383 kJ/mol
solishtirma erish issiqligi
50,6 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
450 kJ/mol
Elektron
Ion asboblar2, 8, 4
Bohr model: Si (Kremniy)
valence electron4
Lewis structure: Si (Kremniy)
electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2
Enhanced Bohr model of Si (Kremniy)
Orbital Diagram of Si (Kremniy)
Oksidlanish darajasi-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Elektrmanfiylik
1.9
Electrophilicity Index
1,6827934805482991 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
3 538,15 K
Melting Point
1 687,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
Rang
Gray
appearancecrystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
Issiqlikdan kengayish
0,0000026 1/K
molar heat capacity
19,99 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0,712 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeSemiconductor
electrical conductivity
0,001 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0,001 m Ω
superconductivity
Magnetizm
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0,0000000016 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0,0000000000449 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0,00000373
magnetic ordering
Kyuri nuqtasi
Néel temperature
Tuzilma
Crystal StructureTetrahedral Packing (DIA)
Kristall panjara davri
5,43 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Qattiqlik
6,5 MPa
bulk modulus
100 GPa
shear modulus
Yung moduli
47 GPa
Poisson's ratio
Tovush tezligi
2 200 m/s
klassifikatsiya
CategoryMetalloids, Metalloids
CAS GroupIVB
IUPAC GroupIVA
Glawe Number85
Mendeleev Number88
Pettifor Number85
Geochemical Classmajor
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
814,1 kJ/mol
polarizability
37,3 ± 0,7 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
305 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
0,166
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0002
Atom kvant sonlari3P0
space group227 (Fd_3m)

Isotopes of Silicon

Stable Isotopes3
Unstable Isotopes21
Natural Isotopes3
Isotopic Composition2892.25%2892.25%294.67%294.67%303.07%303.07%

22Si

mass number22
neutron number8
Nisbiy atom massa
22,036114 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
28,7 ± 1,1 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1987
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)62%
2p (2-proton emission)0.7%

23Si

mass number23
neutron number9
Nisbiy atom massa
23,025711 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
42,3 ± 0,4 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1986
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)88%
2p (2-proton emission)3.6%

24Si

mass number24
neutron number10
Nisbiy atom massa
24,01153543 ± 0,000020904 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
143,2 ± 2,1 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)34.5%

25Si

mass number25
neutron number11
Nisbiy atom massa
25,004108798 ± 0,000010735 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
220,6 ± 1 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1963
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)35%

26Si

mass number26
neutron number12
Nisbiy atom massa
25,992333818 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
2,2453 ± 0,0007 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1960
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

27Si

mass number27
neutron number13
Nisbiy atom massa
26,986704687 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor
0,34608 ± 0,00012
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
4,117 ± 0,014 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,063 ± 0,014
time of discovery or invention1939
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

28Si

mass number28
neutron number14
Nisbiy atom massa
27,97692653442 ± 0,00000000055 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
92,2545 ± 0,0037
Radioaktivlikstable isotope
Yarim yemirilish davriNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1920
parity+

29Si

mass number29
neutron number15
Nisbiy atom massa
28,97649466434 ± 0,0000000006 Da
g-factor
-1,110104 ± 0,000006
natural abundance
4,672 ± 0,016
Radioaktivlikstable isotope
Yarim yemirilish davriNot Radioactive ☢️
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1920
parity+

30Si

mass number30
neutron number16
Nisbiy atom massa
29,973770137 ± 0,000000023 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
3,0735 ± 0,0021
Radioaktivlikstable isotope
Yarim yemirilish davriNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1924
parity+

31Si

mass number31
neutron number17
Nisbiy atom massa
30,975363196 ± 0,000000046 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
157,16 ± 0,2 m
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1934
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

32Si

mass number32
neutron number18
Nisbiy atom massa
31,974151538 ± 0,00000032 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
157 ± 7 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1953
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

33Si

mass number33
neutron number19
Nisbiy atom massa
32,977976964 ± 0,00000075 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
6,18 ± 0,18 s
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1971
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

34Si

mass number34
neutron number20
Nisbiy atom massa
33,978538045 ± 0,00000086 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
2,77 ± 0,2 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1971
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

35Si

mass number35
neutron number21
Nisbiy atom massa
34,984550111 ± 0,000038494 Da
g-factor
0,46828571428571 ± 0,0011428571428571
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
780 ± 120 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1971
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)5%

36Si

mass number36
neutron number22
Nisbiy atom massa
35,986649271 ± 0,000077077 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
503 ± 2 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1971
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)12%

37Si

mass number37
neutron number23
Nisbiy atom massa
36,992945191 ± 0,000122179 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
141 ± 3,5 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1979
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)17%
2n (2-neutron emission)

38Si

mass number38
neutron number24
Nisbiy atom massa
37,995523 ± 0,0001125 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
63 ± 8 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)25%

39Si

mass number39
neutron number25
Nisbiy atom massa
39,002491 ± 0,0001455 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
41,2 ± 4,1 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1979
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)33%
2n (2-neutron emission)

40Si

mass number40
neutron number26
Nisbiy atom massa
40,006083641 ± 0,000130962 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
31,2 ± 2,6 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1989
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)38%
2n (2-neutron emission)

41Si

mass number41
neutron number27
Nisbiy atom massa
41,014171 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
20 ± 2,5 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1989
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)55%
2n (2-neutron emission)

42Si

mass number42
neutron number28
Nisbiy atom massa
42,018078 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
12,5 ± 3,5 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1990
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

43Si

mass number43
neutron number29
Nisbiy atom massa
43,026119 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2002
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

44Si

mass number44
neutron number30
Nisbiy atom massa
44,031466 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention2007
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

45Si

mass number45
neutron number31
Nisbiy atom massa
45,039818 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivlik☢️ Radioaktiv elementlar
Yarim yemirilish davri
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
SiliconCroda
Silicon-unit-cell-3D-balls

tarix

discoverer or inventorJöns Berzelius
location of discoverySweden
time of discovery or invention1824
EtimologiyaLatin: silex, silicus, (flint).
pronunciationSIL-i-ken (inglizcha)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
282 000 mg/kg
natural abundance (Okean)
2,2 mg/L
natural abundance (Inson tanasi)
0,026 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
14 %
natural abundance (Quyosh)
0,09 %
Abundance in Universe
0,07 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.4255
2p4.055
2s4.98
3p9.7148
3s9.0968