Atomic Number | 47 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 107.8682 |
Mass Number | 107 |
Group | 11 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | d |
Protons | 47 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 60 n0 |
Electrons | 47 e- |
Atomic Radius | 160 pm
|
---|---|
Molar Volume | 10.3 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 128 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 134 pm
|
Ionic Radius | 67 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 81 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius | 211 pm
|
Density | 10.5 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | 1.302 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 7.576234 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 254.1 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | 11.95 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | 284.9 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 |
Valence Electrons | 1 |
Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s1 |
Oxidation States | -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 |
Electronegativity | 1.93
|
Electrophilicity | 1.5703717569100073 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | 2,435.15 K
|
Melting Point | 1,234.93 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | 6,410.15 K
|
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | lustrous white metal |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | 429 W/(m K)
|
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000189 1/K
|
Molar Heat Capacity | 25.35 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.235 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | Conductor |
Electrical Conductivity | 62 MS/m
|
Electrical Resistivity | 0.000000016 m Ω
|
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | diamagnetic |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | -0.00000000227 m³/Kg
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | -0.000000000245 m³/mol
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | -0.0000238
|
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
Lattice Constant | 4.09 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | 2.5 MPa
|
Bulk Modulus | 100 GPa
|
Shear Modulus | 30 GPa
|
Young Modulus | 83 GPa
|
Poisson Ratio | 0.37
|
Speed of Sound | 2,600 m/s
|
Classification | |
Category | Transition metals, Transition metals |
CAS Group | IB |
IUPAC Group | IB |
Glawe Number | 67 |
Mendeleev Number | 72 |
Pettifor Number | 71 |
Geochemical Class | |
Goldschmidt Class | chalcophile |
Other | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 63.6
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.02
|
Quantum Numbers | 2S1/2 |
Space Group | 225 (Fm_3m) |
Stable Isotopes | 2 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 40 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 39 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 92 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2016 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
p (proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 93 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 228 ± 16 ns
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
p (proton emission) | % |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 94 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 27 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.2% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 95 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 1.78 ± 0.06 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 2.3% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 96 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 4.45 ± 0.03 s
|
Spin | 8 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1982 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 4.2% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 97 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 25.5 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1978 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 98 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 47.5 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1978 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.0012% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 99 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 2.07 ± 0.05 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 100 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 2.01 ± 0.09 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 101 |
G-Factor | 1.2486666666667 ± 0.0024444444444444
|
Half Life | 11.1 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.35 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1966 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 102 |
G-Factor | 0.92 ± 0.14
|
Half Life | 12.9 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1960 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 103 |
G-Factor | 1.2645714285714 ± 0.00057142857142857
|
Half Life | 65.7 ± 0.7 m
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.84 ± 0.09
|
Discovery Year | 1954 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 104 |
G-Factor | 0.7828 ± 0.0006
|
Half Life | 69.2 ± 1 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.06 ± 0.11
|
Discovery Year | 1955 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 105 |
G-Factor | 0.2026 ± 0.002
|
Half Life | 41.29 ± 0.07 d
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 106 |
G-Factor | 2.8 ± 0.2
|
Half Life | 23.96 ± 0.04 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) | % |
Abundance | 51.839 ± 0.008
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 107 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1924 |
Parity | - |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 108 |
G-Factor | 2.6838 ± 0.0016
|
Half Life | 2.382 ± 0.011 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 97.15% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 2.85% |
Abundance | 48.161 ± 0.008
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 109 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1924 |
Parity | - |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 110 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 24.56 ± 0.11 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.24 ± 0.12
|
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 0.3% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 111 |
G-Factor | -0.292 ± 0.004
|
Half Life | 7.433 ± 0.01 d
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 112 |
G-Factor | 0.02735 ± 0.00025
|
Half Life | 3.13 ± 0.008 h
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1938 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 113 |
G-Factor | 0.318 ± 0.004
|
Half Life | 5.37 ± 0.05 h
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 114 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 4.6 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1958 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 115 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 20 ± 0.5 m
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 116 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 3.83 ± 0.08 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1958 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 117 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 73.6 ± 1.4 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1958 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 118 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 3.76 ± 0.15 s
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 119 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 6 ± 0.5 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 120 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 1.52 ± 0.07 s
|
Spin | 4 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1971 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.003% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 121 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 777 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1982 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.08% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 122 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 529 ± 13 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1978 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.186% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 123 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 294 ± 5 ms
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1976 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.56% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 124 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 177.9 ± 2.6 ms
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1984 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 1.3% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 125 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 160 ± 5 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 11.8% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 126 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 52 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 13.7% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 127 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 89 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1995 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 14.6% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 128 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 60 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2000 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 20% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 129 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 49.9 ± 3.5 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2000 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 20% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 130 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 40.6 ± 4.5 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2000 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 131 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 35 ± 8 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2013 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | 10% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 132 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 30 ± 14 ms
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 133 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
Silver has been used for thousands of years for ornaments and utensils, for trade, and as the basis for many monetary systems. Its value as a precious metal was long considered second only to gold. Slag dumps in Asia Minor and on islands in the Aegean Sea indicate that man learned to separate silver from lead as early as 3000 BC. The Latin word for silver is argentum
Discoverers | Known to the ancients. |
---|---|
Discovery Location | |
Discovery Year | |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Anglo-Saxon: siolful, (silver); symbol from Latin: argentium. |
Pronunciation | SIL-ver (English) |
Found in ores called argentite (AgS), light ruby silver (Ag3AsS3), dark ruby silver(Ag3SbS3) and brittle silver.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | 0.075 mg/kg
|
Abundance in Oceans | 0.00004 mg/L
|
Abundance in Human Body | |
Abundance in Meteor | 0.000014 %
|
Abundance in Sun | 0.0000001 %
|
Abundance in Universe | 0.00000006 %
|
1 | s | 0.9577 |
2 | p | 4.0806 |
2 | s | 12.3658 |
3 | d | 14.4602 |
3 | p | 17.1914 |
3 | s | 16.9688 |
4 | d | 32.2372 |
4 | p | 28.4376 |
4 | s | 27.1352 |
5 | s | 40.2445 |