Bismut

Bismut (Bi)

chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83
Atomic Number83
Atomic Weight208.9804
Nombor jisim209
Group15
Period6
Blockp
proton83 p+
neutron126 n0
Elektron83 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Bi (Bismut)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
160 pm
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
151 pm
Metallic Radius
151 pm
ionic radius
96 pm
Crystal Radius
110 pm
Jejari van der Waals
207 pm
ketumpatan
9.79 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Bismut0153045607590105120135150165180195210pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
0.942362 eV/particle
ionization energy
7.285516 eV/particle
ionization energy of Bi (Bismut)
Entalpi pengewapan
172 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
standard enthalpy of formation
209.6 kJ/mol
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Model Bohr: Bi (Bismut)
Elektron valens5
Teori ion Lewis: Bi (Bismut)
tatarajah elektron[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Enhanced Model Bohr of Bi (Bismut)
Orbital Diagram of Bi (Bismut)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Keelektronegatifan
1.9
Electrophilicity Index
1.334075610943783 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
1,837.15 K
Melting Point
544.552 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
4,620.15 K
triple point
rupa
warna
Gray
rupalustrous silver
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
0.0000134 1/K
molar heat capacity
25.52 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.122 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
0.77 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
0.0000013 m Ω
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.000000017 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.0000000036 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.00017
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureBase Centered Monoclinic (RHL)
lattice constant
4.75 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, 1.925622, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
2.25 MPa
Modulus pukal
31 GPa
shear modulus
12 GPa
Young's modulus
32 GPa
Nisbah Poisson
0.33
Kelajuan bunyi
1,790 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryPost-transition metals, Poor metals
CAS GroupVB
IUPAC GroupVA
Glawe Number92
Mendeleev Number97
Pettifor Number87
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
48 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
0.034
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.000006
Nombor kuantum4S3/2
space group12 (C12/m1)

Isotopes of Bismuth

Stable Isotopes0
Unstable Isotopes41
Natural Isotopes1

184Bi

Nombor jisim184
nombor neutron101
jisim atom relatif
184.001347 ± 0.000131 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.6 ± 1.5 ms
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2003
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%

185Bi

Nombor jisim185
nombor neutron102
jisim atom relatif
184.9976 ± 0.000087 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1996
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)
α (α emission)

186Bi

Nombor jisim186
nombor neutron103
jisim atom relatif
185.996623169 ± 0.0000182 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
14.8 ± 0.7 ms
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.011%

187Bi

Nombor jisim187
nombor neutron104
jisim atom relatif
186.993147272 ± 0.00001074 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
37 ± 2 ms
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1999
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%

188Bi

Nombor jisim188
nombor neutron105
jisim atom relatif
187.992276064 ± 0.000012001 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
60 ± 3 ms
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1980
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.0014%

189Bi

Nombor jisim189
nombor neutron106
jisim atom relatif
188.989195139 ± 0.000022384 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
688 ± 5 ms
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1973
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

190Bi

Nombor jisim190
nombor neutron107
jisim atom relatif
189.988624828 ± 0.000022515 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.3 ± 0.1 s
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1972
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)77%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)23%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)6%

191Bi

Nombor jisim191
nombor neutron108
jisim atom relatif
190.985786972 ± 0.000008037 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
12.4 ± 0.3 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1972
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)51%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

192Bi

Nombor jisim192
nombor neutron109
jisim atom relatif
191.985470077 ± 0.000032326 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
34.6 ± 0.9 s
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)88%
α (α emission)12%

193Bi

Nombor jisim193
nombor neutron110
jisim atom relatif
192.98294722 ± 0.000008132 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
63.6 ± 3 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)96.5%
α (α emission)3.5%

194Bi

Nombor jisim194
nombor neutron111
jisim atom relatif
193.982798581 ± 0.000005638 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
95 ± 3 s
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.46%

195Bi

Nombor jisim195
nombor neutron112
jisim atom relatif
194.980648759 ± 0.000005675 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
183 ± 4 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.03%

196Bi

Nombor jisim196
nombor neutron113
jisim atom relatif
195.980666509 ± 0.000026224 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.13 ± 0.2 m
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1976
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.00115%

197Bi

Nombor jisim197
nombor neutron114
jisim atom relatif
196.978864927 ± 0.000008946 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
9.33 ± 0.5 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

198Bi

Nombor jisim198
nombor neutron115
jisim atom relatif
197.979201316 ± 0.000029598 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
10.3 ± 0.3 m
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

199Bi

Nombor jisim199
nombor neutron116
jisim atom relatif
198.977672841 ± 0.000011395 Da
g-factor
1.0222222222222 ± 0.088888888888889
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
27 ± 1 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

200Bi

Nombor jisim200
nombor neutron117
jisim atom relatif
199.97813129 ± 0.00002437 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
36.4 ± 0.5 m
Spin7
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

201Bi

Nombor jisim201
nombor neutron118
jisim atom relatif
200.976995017 ± 0.000013072 Da
g-factor
1.0666666666667 ± 0.066666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
103 ± 3 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

202Bi

Nombor jisim202
nombor neutron119
jisim atom relatif
201.977723042 ± 0.000015032 Da
g-factor
0.848 ± 0.0028
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.72 ± 0.05 h
Spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)1%

203Bi

Nombor jisim203
nombor neutron120
jisim atom relatif
202.976892077 ± 0.000013717 Da
g-factor
0.88866666666667 ± 0.0028888888888889
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
11.76 ± 0.05 h
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

204Bi

Nombor jisim204
nombor neutron121
jisim atom relatif
203.977835687 ± 0.000009854 Da
g-factor
0.717 ± 0.0025
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
11.22 ± 0.1 h
Spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1947
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

205Bi

Nombor jisim205
nombor neutron122
jisim atom relatif
204.977385182 ± 0.000005161 Da
g-factor
0.89933333333333 ± 0.0015555555555556
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
14.91 ± 0.07 d
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.81 ± 0.03
tarikh penemuan1951
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

206Bi

Nombor jisim206
nombor neutron123
jisim atom relatif
205.978498843 ± 0.000008193 Da
g-factor
0.7235 ± 0.0013333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.243 ± 0.003 d
Spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.54 ± 0.04
tarikh penemuan1947
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

207Bi

Nombor jisim207
nombor neutron124
jisim atom relatif
206.978470551 ± 0.000002573 Da
g-factor
0.90508888888889 ± 0.00044444444444444
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
31.22 ± 0.17 y
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.76 ± 0.02
tarikh penemuan1950
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

208Bi

Nombor jisim208
nombor neutron125
jisim atom relatif
207.97974206 ± 0.000002474 Da
g-factor
0.9144 ± 0.002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
368 ± 4 ky
Spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.7 ± 0.08
tarikh penemuan1953
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

209Bi

Nombor jisim209
nombor neutron126
jisim atom relatif
208.980398599 ± 0.000001465 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
100
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
20.1 ± 0.8 Ey
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.516 ± 0.015
tarikh penemuan1924
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%

210Bi

Nombor jisim210
nombor neutron127
jisim atom relatif
209.984120237 ± 0.000001463 Da
g-factor
-0.0443 ± 0.0001
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.012 ± 0.005 d
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.19 ± 0.006
tarikh penemuan1905
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
α (α emission)13.2%

211Bi

Nombor jisim211
nombor neutron128
jisim atom relatif
210.987268715 ± 0.000005842 Da
g-factor
0.85555555555556 ± 0.0066666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.14 ± 0.02 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.7 ± 0.3
tarikh penemuan1905
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β (β decay)0.276%

212Bi

Nombor jisim212
nombor neutron129
jisim atom relatif
211.99128503 ± 0.000001989 Da
g-factor
0.32 ± 0.04
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
60.55 ± 0.06 m
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.1 ± 0.4
tarikh penemuan1905
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)64.06%
α (α emission)35.94%
βα (β-delayed α emission)0.014%

213Bi

Nombor jisim213
nombor neutron130
jisim atom relatif
212.99438357 ± 0.000005455 Da
g-factor
0.822 ± 0.0015555555555556
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
45.6 ± 0.04 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.83 ± 0.05
tarikh penemuan1947
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)97.91%
α (α emission)2.09%

214Bi

Nombor jisim214
nombor neutron131
jisim atom relatif
213.998710909 ± 0.000012033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
19.9 ± 0.4 m
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1904
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)99.979%
α (α emission)0.021%
βα (β-delayed α emission)0.003%

215Bi

Nombor jisim215
nombor neutron132
jisim atom relatif
215.001749095 ± 0.000006037 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.62 ± 0.13 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1953
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

216Bi

Nombor jisim216
nombor neutron133
jisim atom relatif
216.006305985 ± 0.000012 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.21 ± 0.04 m
Spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1989
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

217Bi

Nombor jisim217
nombor neutron134
jisim atom relatif
217.009372 ± 0.000019 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
98.5 ± 1.3 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1998
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

218Bi

Nombor jisim218
nombor neutron135
jisim atom relatif
218.014188 ± 0.000029 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
33 ± 1 s
Spin8
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1998
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

219Bi

Nombor jisim219
nombor neutron136
jisim atom relatif
219.01752 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
8.7 ± 2.9 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2009
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

220Bi

Nombor jisim220
nombor neutron137
jisim atom relatif
220.022501 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
9.5 ± 5.7 s
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

221Bi

Nombor jisim221
nombor neutron138
jisim atom relatif
221.02598 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2009
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

222Bi

Nombor jisim222
nombor neutron139
jisim atom relatif
222.031079 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2009
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

223Bi

Nombor jisim223
nombor neutron140
jisim atom relatif
223.034611 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2009
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

224Bi

Nombor jisim224
nombor neutron141
jisim atom relatif
224.039796 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Bismuth crystals and 1cm3 cube

sejarah

penemu atau perekaKnown to the ancients.
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
EtimologiGerman: bisemutum, (white mass), Now spelled wismut.
sebutanBIZ-meth (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.0085 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)
0.00002 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.0000069 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0.00000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.6018
2p4.533
2s21.824
3d13.4585
3p23.0678
3s24.1145
4d37.7608
4f37.9308
4p36.1496
4s35.2928
5d58.756
5p53.979
5s51.971
6p69.6602
6s67.76