Vismut

Vismut (Bi)

grundämne
Atomnummer83
Atommassa208.9804
masstal209
Grupp15
Period6
Blockp
Protoner83 p+
Neutroner126 n0
Electrons83 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Bi (Vismut)

Egenskaper

fysisk egenskap
atomradie
160 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
151 pm
Metallic Radius
151 pm
ionic radius
96 pm
Crystal Radius
110 pm
Van der Waalsradie
207 pm
densitet
9,79 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
0,942362 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi
7,285516 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Bi (Vismut)
ångbildningsvärme
172 kJ/mol
smältvärme
Bildningsentalpi
209,6 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Bohrs atommodell: Bi (Vismut)
valenselektron5
Elektronformel: Bi (Vismut)
elektronkonfiguration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Bi (Vismut)
Orbital Diagram of Bi (Vismut)
oxidationstal-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
elektronegativitet
1.9
Electrophilicity
1,334075610943783 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
1 837,15 K
Smältpunkt
544,552 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
4 620,15 K
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Grå
appearancelustrous silver
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
termisk expansion
0,0000134 1/K
molar heat capacity
25,52 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,122 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
0,77 MS/m
resistivitet
0,0000013 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typediamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
−0,000000017 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
−0,0000000036 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
−0,00017
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturBascentrerat monoklint (RHL)
Gitterkonstant
4,75 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, 1.925622, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
2,25 MPa
Kompressibilitet
31 GPa
skjuvmodul
12 GPa
Young's modulus
32 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,33
ljudhastighet
1 790 m/s
klassificering
KategoriPosttransitionsmetaller, Poor metals
CAS GroupVB
IUPAC GroupVA
Glawe Number92
Mendeleev Number97
Pettifor Number87
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
48 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta
0,034
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,000006
kvanttal4S3/2
rymdgrupp12 (C12/m1)

Vismutisotoper

Stabila isotoper1
Instabila isotoper40
Radioactive Isotopes41

184Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
184,001347 ± 0,000131 Da
masstal184
g-factor
Halveringstid
6,6 ± 1,5 ms
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2003
Paritet+

184Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

185Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
184,9976 ± 0,000087 Da
masstal185
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1996
Paritet-

185Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)%
α (α emission)%

186Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
185,996623169 ± 0,0000182 Da
masstal186
g-factor
Halveringstid
14,8 ± 0,7 ms
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

186Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.011%

187Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
186,993147272 ± 0,00001074 Da
masstal187
g-factor
Halveringstid
37 ± 2 ms
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1999
Paritet-

187Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

188Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
187,992276064 ± 0,000012001 Da
masstal188
g-factor
Halveringstid
60 ± 3 ms
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1980
Paritet+

188Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.0014%

189Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
188,989195139 ± 0,000022384 Da
masstal189
g-factor
Halveringstid
688 ± 5 ms
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1973
Paritet-

189Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

190Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
189,988624828 ± 0,000022515 Da
masstal190
g-factor
Halveringstid
6,3 ± 0,1 s
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet+

190Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)77%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)23%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)6%

191Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
190,985786972 ± 0,000008037 Da
masstal191
g-factor
Halveringstid
12,4 ± 0,3 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet-

191Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)51%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

192Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
191,985470077 ± 0,000032326 Da
masstal192
g-factor
Halveringstid
34,6 ± 0,9 s
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+

192Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)88%
α (α emission)12%

193Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
192,98294722 ± 0,000008132 Da
masstal193
g-factor
Halveringstid
63,6 ± 3 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet-

193Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)96.5%
α (α emission)3.5%

194Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
193,982798581 ± 0,000005638 Da
masstal194
g-factor
Halveringstid
95 ± 3 s
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+

194Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.46%

195Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
194,980648759 ± 0,000005675 Da
masstal195
g-factor
Halveringstid
183 ± 4 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet-

195Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.03%

196Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
195,980666509 ± 0,000026224 Da
masstal196
g-factor
Halveringstid
5,13 ± 0,2 m
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1976
Paritet+

196Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.00115%

197Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
196,978864927 ± 0,000008946 Da
masstal197
g-factor
Halveringstid
9,33 ± 0,5 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet-

197Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)%

198Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
197,979201316 ± 0,000029598 Da
masstal198
g-factor
Halveringstid
10,3 ± 0,3 m
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

198Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

199Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
198,977672841 ± 0,000011395 Da
masstal199
g-factor
1,0222222222222 ± 0,088888888888889
Halveringstid
27 ± 1 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

199Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

200Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
199,97813129 ± 0,00002437 Da
masstal200
g-factor
Halveringstid
36,4 ± 0,5 m
Spinn7
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

200Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

201Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
200,976995017 ± 0,000013072 Da
masstal201
g-factor
1,0666666666667 ± 0,066666666666667
Halveringstid
103 ± 3 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

201Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

202Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
201,977723042 ± 0,000015032 Da
masstal202
g-factor
0,848 ± 0,0028
Halveringstid
1,72 ± 0,05 h
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1951
Paritet+

202Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)1%

203Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
202,976892077 ± 0,000013717 Da
masstal203
g-factor
0,88866666666667 ± 0,0028888888888889
Halveringstid
11,76 ± 0,05 h
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

203Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

204Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
203,977835687 ± 0,000009854 Da
masstal204
g-factor
0,717 ± 0,0025
Halveringstid
11,22 ± 0,1 h
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1947
Paritet+

204Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

205Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
204,977385182 ± 0,000005161 Da
masstal205
g-factor
0,89933333333333 ± 0,0015555555555556
Halveringstid
14,91 ± 0,07 d
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,81 ± 0,03
upptäcktsdatum1951
Paritet-

205Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

206Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
205,978498843 ± 0,000008193 Da
masstal206
g-factor
0,7235 ± 0,0013333333333333
Halveringstid
6,243 ± 0,003 d
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,54 ± 0,04
upptäcktsdatum1947
Paritet+

206Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

207Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
206,978470551 ± 0,000002573 Da
masstal207
g-factor
0,90508888888889 ± 0,00044444444444444
Halveringstid
31,22 ± 0,17 y
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,76 ± 0,02
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

207Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

208Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
207,97974206 ± 0,000002474 Da
masstal208
g-factor
0,9144 ± 0,002
Halveringstid
368 ± 4 ky
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,7 ± 0,08
upptäcktsdatum1953
Paritet+

208Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

209Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
100
relative atomic mass
208,980398599 ± 0,000001465 Da
masstal209
g-factor
Halveringstid
20,1 ± 0,8 Ey
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,516 ± 0,015
upptäcktsdatum1924
Paritet-

209Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

210Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
209,984120237 ± 0,000001463 Da
masstal210
g-factor
−0,0443 ± 0,0001
Halveringstid
5,012 ± 0,005 d
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,19 ± 0,006
upptäcktsdatum1905
Paritet-

210Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
α (α emission)13.2%

211Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
210,987268715 ± 0,000005842 Da
masstal211
g-factor
0,85555555555556 ± 0,0066666666666667
Halveringstid
2,14 ± 0,02 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,7 ± 0,3
upptäcktsdatum1905
Paritet-

211Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β (β decay)0.276%

212Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
211,99128503 ± 0,000001989 Da
masstal212
g-factor
0,32 ± 0,04
Halveringstid
60,55 ± 0,06 m
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,1 ± 0,4
upptäcktsdatum1905
Paritet-

212Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)64.06%
α (α emission)35.94%
βα (β-delayed α emission)0.014%

213Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
212,99438357 ± 0,000005455 Da
masstal213
g-factor
0,822 ± 0,0015555555555556
Halveringstid
45,6 ± 0,04 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,83 ± 0,05
upptäcktsdatum1947
Paritet-

213Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)97.91%
α (α emission)2.09%

214Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
213,998710909 ± 0,000012033 Da
masstal214
g-factor
Halveringstid
19,9 ± 0,4 m
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1904
Paritet-

214Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)99.979%
α (α emission)0.021%
βα (β-delayed α emission)0.003%

215Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
215,001749095 ± 0,000006037 Da
masstal215
g-factor
Halveringstid
7,62 ± 0,13 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1953
Paritet-

215Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

216Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
216,006305985 ± 0,000012 Da
masstal216
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,21 ± 0,04 m
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet-

216Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

217Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
217,009372 ± 0,000019 Da
masstal217
g-factor
Halveringstid
98,5 ± 1,3 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1998
Paritet-

217Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

218Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
218,014188 ± 0,000029 Da
masstal218
g-factor
Halveringstid
33 ± 1 s
Spinn8
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1998
Paritet-

218Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

219Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
219,01752 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal219
g-factor
Halveringstid
8,7 ± 2,9 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet-

219Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

220Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
220,022501 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal220
g-factor
Halveringstid
9,5 ± 5,7 s
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet-

220Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

221Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
221,02598 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal221
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet-

221Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

222Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
222,031079 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal222
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet-

222Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

223Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
223,034611 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal223
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet-

223Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

224Bi

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
224,039796 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal224
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet-

224Bi Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
Bismuth crystals and 1cm3 cube

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareKnown to the ancients.
fyndplats
upptäcktsdatum
etymologiGerman: bisemutum, (white mass), Now spelled wismut.
uttalBIZ-meth (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0085 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
0,00002 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor
0,0000069 %
Abundance in Sun
0,000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0,00000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.6018
2p4.533
2s21.824
3d13.4585
3p23.0678
3s24.1145
4d37.7608
4f37.9308
4p36.1496
4s35.2928
5d58.756
5p53.979
5s51.971
6p69.6602
6s67.76