Gadoliinium

Gadoliinium (Gd)

element with the atomic number of 64
Atomic Number64
Atomic Weight157.25
massiarv158
Group
Period6
Blockf
prooton64 p+
neutron94 n0
elektron64 e-
Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Gd (Gadoliinium)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius
molaarruumala
Covalent Radius
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
density
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Gadoliinium0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240pmAatomiraadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Keemilised Omadused

energia
proton affinity
Elektronafiinsus
ionization energy
ionization energy of Gd (Gadoliinium)
aurustumissoojus
sulamissoojus
standard enthalpy of formation
elektron
elektronkiht2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Bohri aatomiteooria: Gd (Gadoliinium)
valentselektron2
Lewis structure: Gd (Gadoliinium)
elektronkonfiguratsioon[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2
Enhanced Bohri aatomiteooria of Gd (Gadoliinium)
Orbital Diagram of Gd (Gadoliinium)
oksüdatsiooniaste0, 1, 2, 3
elektronegatiivsus
1.2
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus
Silver
Välimussilvery white
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
soojuspaisumine
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Elektrijuhtivus
Eritakistus
Ülijuhtivus
Magnetism
typeferromagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
kõvadus
Ruumpaisumismoodul
Nihkeelastsusmoodul
Normaalelastsusmoodul
Poissoni tegur
0,26
heli kiirus
Klassifitseerimine
CategoryLanthanides, Lanthanides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number26
Mendeleev Number27
Pettifor Number27
Geochemical Classrare earth & related
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

teine

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
49 000
Neutron Mass Absorption
7,3
Kvantarv9D2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Gadolinium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes35
Natural Isotopes7
Isotopic Composition15824.84%15824.84%16021.86%16021.86%15620.47%15620.47%15514.80%15514.80%15715.65%15715.65%1542.18%1542.18%1520.20%1520.20%

133Gd

massiarv133
neutron number69
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

134Gd

massiarv134
neutron number70
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

135Gd

massiarv135
neutron number71
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
1,1 ± 0,2 s
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1996
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2%

136Gd

massiarv136
neutron number72
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2000
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

137Gd

massiarv137
neutron number73
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
2,2 ± 0,2 s
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1999
parity

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

138Gd

massiarv138
neutron number74
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
4,7 ± 0,9 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1985
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

139Gd

massiarv139
neutron number75
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
5,7 ± 0,3 s
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1983
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

140Gd

massiarv140
neutron number76
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
15,8 ± 0,4 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1985
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)67%
ϵ (electron capture)33%

141Gd

massiarv141
neutron number77
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
14 ± 4 s
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1986
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.03%

142Gd

massiarv142
neutron number78
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
70,2 ± 0,6 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1986
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)52%
e+ (positron emission)48%

143Gd

massiarv143
neutron number79
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
39 ± 2 s
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1975
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

144Gd

massiarv144
neutron number80
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
4,47 ± 0,06 m
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1968
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

145Gd

massiarv145
neutron number81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
23 ± 0,4 m
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1959
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

146Gd

massiarv146
neutron number82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
48,27 ± 0,09 d
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1957
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
ϵ (electron capture)100%

147Gd

massiarv147
neutron number83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,29142857142857 ± 0,025714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
38,06 ± 0,12 h
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1957
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

148Gd

massiarv148
neutron number84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
71,3 ± 1 y
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1953
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

149Gd

massiarv149
neutron number85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25142857142857 ± 0,011428571428571
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
9,28 ± 0,1 d
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1951
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)4.3%

150Gd

massiarv150
neutron number86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
1,79 ± 0,08 My
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1953
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

151Gd

massiarv151
neutron number87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,22 ± 0,017142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
123,9 ± 1 d
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1950
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)1.1%

152Gd

massiarv152
neutron number88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,2 ± 0,03
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
108 ± 8 Ty
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1938
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

153Gd

massiarv153
neutron number89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25333333333333 ± 0,053333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
240,6 ± 0,7 d
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1947
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
ϵ (electron capture)100%

154Gd

massiarv154
neutron number90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2,18 ± 0,02
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1938
parity+

155Gd

massiarv155
neutron number91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
−0,17273333333333 ± 0,00026666666666667
natural abundance
14,8 ± 0,09
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,27 ± 0,03
avastamise aeg1933
parity-

156Gd

massiarv156
neutron number92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
20,47 ± 0,03
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1933
parity+

157Gd

massiarv157
neutron number93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
−0,22653333333333 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
15,65 ± 0,04
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,35 ± 0,03
avastamise aeg1933
parity-

158Gd

massiarv158
neutron number94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
24,84 ± 0,08
radioaktiivsusStabiilne isotoop
PoolestusaegNot Radioactive ☢️
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1933
parity+

159Gd

massiarv159
neutron number95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
−0,29333333333333 ± 0,02
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
18,479 ± 0,004 h
spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1949
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

160Gd

massiarv160
neutron number96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
21,86 ± 0,03
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1933
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
(double β decay)

161Gd

massiarv161
neutron number97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
3,646 ± 0,003 m
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1949
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

162Gd

massiarv162
neutron number98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
8,4 ± 0,2 m
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1967
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

163Gd

massiarv163
neutron number99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
68 ± 3 s
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg1982
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

164Gd

massiarv164
neutron number100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
45 ± 3 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1988
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

165Gd

massiarv165
neutron number101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
11,6 ± 1 s
spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1998
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

166Gd

massiarv166
neutron number102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
5,1 ± 0,8 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2005
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

167Gd

massiarv167
neutron number103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
4,2 ± 0,3 s
spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg2012
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

168Gd

massiarv168
neutron number104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
3,03 ± 0,16 s
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg1985
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%

169Gd

massiarv169
neutron number105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
750 ± 210 ms
spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg2012
parity-

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

170Gd

massiarv170
neutron number106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
420 ± 130 ms
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2012
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

171Gd

massiarv171
neutron number107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg2018
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

172Gd

massiarv172
neutron number108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
avastamise aeg2018
parity+

decay modeIntensiivsus
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Gadolinium

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastajaJean de Marignac
location of discoverySwitzerland
avastamise aeg1880
etümoloogiaNamed after the mineral gadolinite.
pronunciationGAD-eh-LIN-i-em (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (ookean)
natural abundance (Inimkeha)
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)
0,000023 %
natural abundance (Päike)
0,0000002 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.2565
2p4.2946
2s16.783
3d13.723
3p19.8508
3s20.2903
4d34.3664
4f38.9864
4p31.3532
4s30.556
5p47.236
5s45.118
6s55.7854