Hafnij[um]

Hafnij[um] (Hf)

hemijski element sa simbolom Hf i atomskim brojem 72
Atomic Number72
Atomic Weight178.49
Maseni broj180
Group4
Period6
Blockd
Proton72 p+
Neutron108 n0
Elektron72 e-
Animated Bohrov model atoma of Hf (Hafnij[um])

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus
Molarni volumen
covalent radius
Metallic Radius
Ionski radijus
Crystal Radius
Van der Waalsov radijus
gustoća
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Hafnij[um]0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230pmAtomski RadijusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waalsov radijus

Chemical Property

energija
proton affinity
electron affinity
ionization energy
ionization energy of Hf (Hafnij[um])
Toplota isparavanja
toplota topljenja
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
Bohrov model atoma: Hf (Hafnij[um])
Valentni elektron2
Lewis structure: Hf (Hafnij[um])
electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d2 6s2
Enhanced Bohrov model atoma of Hf (Hafnij[um])
Orbital Diagram of Hf (Hafnij[um])
oksidacijsko stanje-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Elektronegativnost
1.3
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
agregatno stanjeSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
Kritična temperatura
Trojna tačka
appearance
boja
Gray
appearancesteel gray
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Specifična električna provodljivost
electrical resistivity
Superprovodljivost
Magnetizam
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0,0000000053 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0,000000000946 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0,0000705
magnetic ordering
Kirijeva tačka
Néel temperature
struktura
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Tvrdoća
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
0,37
Brzina zvuka
klasifikacija
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIVA
IUPAC GroupIVB
Glawe Number50
Mendeleev Number45
Pettifor Number50
Geochemical Classhigh field strength
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
104
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,02
Kvantni brojevi3F2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Hafnium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes33
Natural Isotopes6
Isotopic Composition18035.08%18035.08%17827.28%17827.28%17718.60%17718.60%17913.62%17913.62%1765.26%1765.26%1740.16%1740.16%

153Hf

Maseni broj153
broj neutrona81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2000
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

154Hf

Maseni broj154
broj neutrona82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2 ± 1 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0%

155Hf

Maseni broj155
broj neutrona83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
843 ± 30 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

156Hf

Maseni broj156
broj neutrona84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23 ± 1 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

157Hf

Maseni broj157
broj neutrona85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
115 ± 1 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1965
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)94%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)14%

158Hf

Maseni broj158
broj neutrona86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,85 ± 0,07 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)55.7%
α (α emission)44.3%

159Hf

Maseni broj159
broj neutrona87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
5,2 ± 0,1 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)65%
α (α emission)35%

160Hf

Maseni broj160
broj neutrona88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
13,6 ± 0,2 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.3%
α (α emission)0.7%

161Hf

Maseni broj161
broj neutrona89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
18,4 ± 0,4 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.71%
α (α emission)0.29%

162Hf

Maseni broj162
broj neutrona90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
39,4 ± 0,9 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1982
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.992%
α (α emission)0.008%

163Hf

Maseni broj163
broj neutrona91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
40 ± 0,6 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1982
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

164Hf

Maseni broj164
broj neutrona92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
111 ± 8 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

165Hf

Maseni broj165
broj neutrona93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
76 ± 4 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

166Hf

Maseni broj166
broj neutrona94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
6,77 ± 0,3 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

167Hf

Maseni broj167
broj neutrona95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,05 ± 0,05 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1969
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

168Hf

Maseni broj168
broj neutrona96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
25,95 ± 0,2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)98%
e+ (positron emission)2%

169Hf

Maseni broj169
broj neutrona97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,24 ± 0,04 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1969
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

170Hf

Maseni broj170
broj neutrona98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
16,01 ± 0,13 h
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

171Hf

Maseni broj171
broj neutrona99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,19257142857143 ± 0,0034285714285714
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
12,1 ± 0,4 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,46 ± 0,03
datum otkrića1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

172Hf

Maseni broj172
broj neutrona100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,87 ± 0,03 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

173Hf

Maseni broj173
broj neutrona101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,004 ± 0,014
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23,6 ± 0,1 h
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1951
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

174Hf

Maseni broj174
broj neutrona102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,16 ± 0,12
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2 ± 0,4 Py
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1939
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

175Hf

Maseni broj175
broj neutrona103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,2708 ± 0,0036
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
70,65 ± 0,19 d
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
2,72 ± 0,02
datum otkrića1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

176Hf

Maseni broj176
broj neutrona104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
5,26 ± 0,7
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1934
parity+

177Hf

Maseni broj177
broj neutrona105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,226 ± 0,00025714285714286
natural abundance
18,6 ± 0,16
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,37 ± 0,03
datum otkrića1934
parity-

178Hf

Maseni broj178
broj neutrona106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
27,28 ± 0,28
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1934
parity+

179Hf

Maseni broj179
broj neutrona107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,14197777777778 ± 0,00031111111111111
natural abundance
13,62 ± 0,11
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,79 ± 0,03
datum otkrića1934
parity+

180Hf

Maseni broj180
broj neutrona108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
35,08 ± 0,33
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1934
parity+

181Hf

Maseni broj181
broj neutrona109
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
42,39 ± 0,06 d
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1935
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

182Hf

Maseni broj182
broj neutrona110
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
8,9 ± 0,09 My
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

183Hf

Maseni broj183
broj neutrona111
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,018 ± 0,002 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1956
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

184Hf

Maseni broj184
broj neutrona112
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,12 ± 0,05 h
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

185Hf

Maseni broj185
broj neutrona113
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,5 ± 0,6 m
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1993
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

186Hf

Maseni broj186
broj neutrona114
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,6 ± 1,2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1998
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

187Hf

Maseni broj187
broj neutrona115
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1999
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

188Hf

Maseni broj188
broj neutrona116
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1999
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

189Hf

Maseni broj189
broj neutrona117
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića2009
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

190Hf

Maseni broj190
broj neutrona118
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
Hf-crystal bar
Hafnium

historija

otkrivač ili izumiteljDirk Coster, Georg von Hevesy
mjesto otkrićaDenmark
datum otkrića1923
EtimologijaFrom Hafnia, the Latin name of Copenhagen.
pronunciationHAF-ni-em (engleski)

izvor

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (okean)
natural abundance (ljudsko tijelo)
natural abundance (Meteoroidi)
0,000017 %
natural abundance (Sunce)
0,0000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0,00000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.3984
2p4.4012
2s18.8102
3d13.5702
3p21.0168
3s21.6885
4d36.476
4f39.7904
4p34.0704
4s33.0228
5d55.3805
5p52.415
5s50.167
6s62.8356