Hafnijs

Hafnijs (Hf)

element with the atomic number of 72
Atomic Number72
Atomic Weight178.49
Masas skaitlis180
Group4
Period6
Blockd
protons72 p+
neitrons108 n0
elektrons72 e-
Animated Bora atoma struktūras modelis of Hf (Hafnijs)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Atoma Rādiuss
molar volume
Covalent Radius
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
blīvums
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Hafnijs0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230pmAtoma RādiussCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

enerģija
proton affinity
Elektrontieksme
jonizācijas potenciāls
jonizācijas potenciāls of Hf (Hafnijs)
enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion
standard enthalpy of formation
elektrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
Bora atoma struktūras modelis: Hf (Hafnijs)
vērtības elektrons2
Lewis structure: Hf (Hafnijs)
elektronu konfigurācija[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d2 6s2
Enhanced Bora atoma struktūras modelis of Hf (Hafnijs)
Orbital Diagram of Hf (Hafnijs)
Oksidēšanas pakāpe-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
elektronegativitāte
1.3
Electrophilicity Index
fundamentālais agregātstāvoklis
agregātstāvoklisSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
trīskāršais punkts
appearance
krāsa
Gray
appearancesteel gray
Laušanas koeficients
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
Termiskā izplešanās
Molārā siltumietilpība
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
īpatnējā pretestība
Supravadītspēja
Magnētisms
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0,0000000053 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0,000000000946 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0,0000705
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
struktūra
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Cietība
tilpuma elastības modulis
shear modulus
Junga modulis
Poisson's ratio
0,37
skaņas ātrums
klasifikācija
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIVA
IUPAC GroupIVB
Glawe Number50
Mendeleev Number45
Pettifor Number50
Geochemical Classhigh field strength
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
104
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,02
quantum number3F2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Hafnium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes33
Natural Isotopes6
Isotopic Composition18035.08%18035.08%17827.28%17827.28%17718.60%17718.60%17913.62%17913.62%1765.26%1765.26%1740.16%1740.16%

153Hf

Masas skaitlis153
neutron number81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums2000
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

154Hf

Masas skaitlis154
neutron number82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
2 ± 1 s
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0%

155Hf

Masas skaitlis155
neutron number83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
843 ± 30 ms
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

156Hf

Masas skaitlis156
neutron number84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
23 ± 1 ms
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

157Hf

Masas skaitlis157
neutron number85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
115 ± 1 ms
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1965
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)94%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)14%

158Hf

Masas skaitlis158
neutron number86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
2,85 ± 0,07 s
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)55.7%
α (α emission)44.3%

159Hf

Masas skaitlis159
neutron number87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
5,2 ± 0,1 s
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)65%
α (α emission)35%

160Hf

Masas skaitlis160
neutron number88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
13,6 ± 0,2 s
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.3%
α (α emission)0.7%

161Hf

Masas skaitlis161
neutron number89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
18,4 ± 0,4 s
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.71%
α (α emission)0.29%

162Hf

Masas skaitlis162
neutron number90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
39,4 ± 0,9 s
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1982
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.992%
α (α emission)0.008%

163Hf

Masas skaitlis163
neutron number91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
40 ± 0,6 s
spins5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1982
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

164Hf

Masas skaitlis164
neutron number92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
111 ± 8 s
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

165Hf

Masas skaitlis165
neutron number93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
76 ± 4 s
spins5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

166Hf

Masas skaitlis166
neutron number94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
6,77 ± 0,3 m
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

167Hf

Masas skaitlis167
neutron number95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
2,05 ± 0,05 m
spins5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1969
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

168Hf

Masas skaitlis168
neutron number96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
25,95 ± 0,2 m
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)98%
e+ (positron emission)2%

169Hf

Masas skaitlis169
neutron number97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
3,24 ± 0,04 m
spins5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1969
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

170Hf

Masas skaitlis170
neutron number98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
16,01 ± 0,13 h
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

171Hf

Masas skaitlis171
neutron number99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,19257142857143 ± 0,0034285714285714
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
12,1 ± 0,4 h
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,46 ± 0,03
atklāšanas datums1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

172Hf

Masas skaitlis172
neutron number100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
1,87 ± 0,03 y
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

173Hf

Masas skaitlis173
neutron number101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,004 ± 0,014
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
23,6 ± 0,1 h
spins1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1951
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

174Hf

Masas skaitlis174
neutron number102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,16 ± 0,12
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
2 ± 0,4 Py
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1939
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

175Hf

Masas skaitlis175
neutron number103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,2708 ± 0,0036
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
70,65 ± 0,19 d
spins5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
2,72 ± 0,02
atklāšanas datums1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

176Hf

Masas skaitlis176
neutron number104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
5,26 ± 0,7
radioaktivitātestable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periodsNot Radioactive ☢️
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1934
parity+

177Hf

Masas skaitlis177
neutron number105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,226 ± 0,00025714285714286
natural abundance
18,6 ± 0,16
radioaktivitātestable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periodsNot Radioactive ☢️
spins7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,37 ± 0,03
atklāšanas datums1934
parity-

178Hf

Masas skaitlis178
neutron number106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
27,28 ± 0,28
radioaktivitātestable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periodsNot Radioactive ☢️
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1934
parity+

179Hf

Masas skaitlis179
neutron number107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,14197777777778 ± 0,00031111111111111
natural abundance
13,62 ± 0,11
radioaktivitātestable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periodsNot Radioactive ☢️
spins9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,79 ± 0,03
atklāšanas datums1934
parity+

180Hf

Masas skaitlis180
neutron number108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
35,08 ± 0,33
radioaktivitātestable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periodsNot Radioactive ☢️
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1934
parity+

181Hf

Masas skaitlis181
neutron number109
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
42,39 ± 0,06 d
spins1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1935
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

182Hf

Masas skaitlis182
neutron number110
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
8,9 ± 0,09 My
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

183Hf

Masas skaitlis183
neutron number111
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
1,018 ± 0,002 h
spins3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1956
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

184Hf

Masas skaitlis184
neutron number112
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
4,12 ± 0,05 h
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

185Hf

Masas skaitlis185
neutron number113
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
3,5 ± 0,6 m
spins9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1993
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

186Hf

Masas skaitlis186
neutron number114
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
2,6 ± 1,2 m
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1998
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

187Hf

Masas skaitlis187
neutron number115
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums1999
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

188Hf

Masas skaitlis188
neutron number116
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums1999
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

189Hf

Masas skaitlis189
neutron number117
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums2009
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

190Hf

Masas skaitlis190
neutron number118
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
atklāšanas datums2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
Hf-crystal bar
Hafnium

vēsture

atklājējs vai izgudrotājsDirk Coster, Georg von Hevesy
atraduma atrašanās vietaDenmark
atklāšanas datums1923
EtimoloģijaFrom Hafnia, the Latin name of Copenhagen.
izrunaHAF-ni-em (angļu)

avots

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (okeāns)
natural abundance (cilvēka ķermenis)
natural abundance (meteoroīds)
0,000017 %
natural abundance (Saule)
0,0000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0,00000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.3984
2p4.4012
2s18.8102
3d13.5702
3p21.0168
3s21.6885
4d36.476
4f39.7904
4p34.0704
4s33.0228
5d55.3805
5p52.415
5s50.167
6s62.8356