| Atomic Number | 72 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Weight | 178.49 |
| Nombor jisim | 180 |
| Group | 4 |
|---|---|
| Period | 6 |
| Block | d |
| proton | 72 p+ |
|---|---|
| neutron | 108 n0 |
| Elektron | 72 e- |
| Jejari Atom | |
|---|---|
| molar volume | |
| Jejari kovalen | |
| Metallic Radius | |
| ionic radius | |
| Crystal Radius | |
| Jejari van der Waals | |
| ketumpatan |
| tenaga | |
|---|---|
| proton affinity | |
| Pertalian elektron | |
| ionization energy | |
| Entalpi pengewapan | |
| entalpi pelakuran | |
| standard enthalpy of formation | |
| Elektron | |
| Petala elektron | 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 |
| Elektron valens | 2 ⓘ |
| tatarajah elektron | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d2 6s2 |
| Keadaan pengoksidaan | -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Keelektronegatifan |
1.3
|
| Electrophilicity Index | |
| keadaan jirim asas | |
| fasa jirim | {ERROR}|
| gaseous state of matter | |
| Boiling Point | |
| Melting Point | |
| critical pressure | |
| critical temperature | |
| triple point | |
| rupa | |
| warna | Black
|
| rupa | steel gray |
| indeks biasan | |
| sifat bahan | |
| Thermal Conductivity | |
| Pengembangan terma | |
| molar heat capacity | |
| Specific Heat Capacity | |
| heat capacity ratio | |
| electrical properties | |
| type | Conductor |
| Kekonduksian elektrik | |
| Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik | |
| Kesuperkonduksian | |
| kemagnetan | |
| type | paramagnetic |
| magnetic susceptibility (Mass) | 0.0000000053 m³/Kg
|
| magnetic susceptibility (Molar) | 0.000000000946 m³/mol
|
| magnetic susceptibility (Volume) | 0.0000705
|
| magnetic ordering | |
| Suhu Curie | |
| Néel temperature | |
| struktur | |
| Crystal Structure | {ERROR} |
| lattice constant | |
| Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| mechanical property | |
| hardness | |
| Modulus pukal | |
| shear modulus | |
| Young's modulus | |
| Nisbah Poisson | 0.37
|
| Kelajuan bunyi | |
| pengelasan | |
| Category | Actinides, Transition metals |
| CAS Group | IVA |
| IUPAC Group | IVB |
| Glawe Number | 50 |
| Mendeleev Number | 45 |
| Pettifor Number | 50 |
| Geochemical Class | high field strength |
| Goldschmidt classification | litophile |
| Gas Basicity | |
|---|---|
| polarizability | |
| C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
| allotrope | |
| Neutron cross section | 104
|
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.02
|
| Nombor kuantum | 3F2 |
| space group | 194 (P63/mmc) |
| Stable Isotopes | 5 |
|---|---|
| Unstable Isotopes | 33 |
| Natural Isotopes | 6 |
| Nombor jisim | 153 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 81 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | |
| Spin | 1/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 2000 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
| Nombor jisim | 154 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 82 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 2 ± 1 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1981 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| α (α emission) | 0% |
| Nombor jisim | 155 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 83 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 843 ± 30 ms
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1981 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| α (α emission) |
| Nombor jisim | 156 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 84 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 23 ± 1 ms
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1979 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| α (α emission) | 100% |
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
| Nombor jisim | 157 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 85 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 115 ± 1 ms
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1965 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| α (α emission) | 94% |
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 14% |
| Nombor jisim | 158 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 86 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 2.85 ± 0.07 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1965 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 55.7% |
| α (α emission) | 44.3% |
| Nombor jisim | 159 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 87 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 5.2 ± 0.1 s
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1973 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 65% |
| α (α emission) | 35% |
| Nombor jisim | 160 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 88 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 13.6 ± 0.2 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1973 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 99.3% |
| α (α emission) | 0.7% |
| Nombor jisim | 161 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 89 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 18.4 ± 0.4 s
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1973 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 99.71% |
| α (α emission) | 0.29% |
| Nombor jisim | 162 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 90 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 39.4 ± 0.9 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1982 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 99.992% |
| α (α emission) | 0.008% |
| Nombor jisim | 163 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 91 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 40 ± 0.6 s
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1982 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| α (α emission) |
| Nombor jisim | 164 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 92 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 111 ± 8 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1981 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 165 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 93 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 76 ± 4 s
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1981 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 166 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 94 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 6.77 ± 0.3 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1965 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 167 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 95 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 2.05 ± 0.05 m
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1969 |
| parity |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 168 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 96 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 25.95 ± 0.2 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1961 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| ϵ (electron capture) | 98% |
| e+ (positron emission) | 2% |
| Nombor jisim | 169 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 97 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 3.24 ± 0.04 m
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1969 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 170 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 98 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 16.01 ± 0.13 h
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1961 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 171 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 99 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | -0.19257142857143 ± 0.0034285714285714
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 12.1 ± 0.4 h
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 3.46 ± 0.03
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1951 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 172 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 100 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 1.87 ± 0.03 y
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1951 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 173 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 101 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 1.004 ± 0.014
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 23.6 ± 0.1 h
|
| Spin | 1/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1951 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 174 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 102 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | 0.16 ± 0.12
|
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 2 ± 0.4 Py
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1939 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| α (α emission) | 100% |
| 2β+ (double β+ decay) |
| Nombor jisim | 175 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 103 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | -0.2708 ± 0.0036
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 70.65 ± 0.19 d
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 2.72 ± 0.02
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1949 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 176 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 104 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | 5.26 ± 0.7
|
| Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
| setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1934 |
| parity | + |
| Nombor jisim | 177 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 105 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0.226 ± 0.00025714285714286
|
| natural abundance | 18.6 ± 0.16
|
| Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
| setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 7/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 3.37 ± 0.03
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1934 |
| parity | - |
| Nombor jisim | 178 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 106 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | 27.28 ± 0.28
|
| Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
| setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1934 |
| parity | + |
| Nombor jisim | 179 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 107 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | -0.14197777777778 ± 0.00031111111111111
|
| natural abundance | 13.62 ± 0.11
|
| Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
| setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 9/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 3.79 ± 0.03
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1934 |
| parity | + |
| Nombor jisim | 180 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 108 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | 35.08 ± 0.33
|
| Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
| setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1934 |
| parity | + |
| Nombor jisim | 181 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 109 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 42.39 ± 0.06 d
|
| Spin | 1/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1935 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 182 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 110 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 8.9 ± 0.09 My
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1961 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 183 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 111 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 1.018 ± 0.002 h
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1956 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 184 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 112 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 4.12 ± 0.05 h
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1973 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 185 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 113 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 3.5 ± 0.6 m
|
| Spin | 9/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1993 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 186 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 114 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | 2.6 ± 1.2 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1998 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 187 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 115 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | |
| Spin | 9/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 1999 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) |
| Nombor jisim | 188 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 116 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | |
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 1999 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) |
| Nombor jisim | 189 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 117 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | |
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | |
| Spin | 3/2 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | |
| tarikh penemuan | 2009 |
| parity | - |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| Nombor jisim | 190 |
|---|---|
| nombor neutron | 118 |
| Jisim Atom Relatif | |
| g-factor | 0
|
| natural abundance | |
| Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
| setengah hayat | |
| Spin | 0 |
| nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
| tarikh penemuan | 2012 |
| parity | + |
| decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) |
| penemu atau pereka | Dirk Coster, Georg von Hevesy |
|---|---|
| tempat penemuan | Denmark |
| tarikh penemuan | 1923 |
| Etimologi | From Hafnia, the Latin name of Copenhagen. |
| sebutan | HAF-ni-em (Inggeris) |
| Abundance | |
|---|---|
| Abundance in Earth's crust | |
| natural abundance (lautan) | |
| natural abundance (Tubuh manusia) | |
| natural abundance (Meteoroid) | 0.000017 %
|
| natural abundance (Matahari) | 0.0000001 %
|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.00000007 %
|
| 1 | s | 1.3984 |
| 2 | p | 4.4012 |
| 2 | s | 18.8102 |
| 3 | d | 13.5702 |
| 3 | p | 21.0168 |
| 3 | s | 21.6885 |
| 4 | d | 36.476 |
| 4 | f | 39.7904 |
| 4 | p | 34.0704 |
| 4 | s | 33.0228 |
| 5 | d | 55.3805 |
| 5 | p | 52.415 |
| 5 | s | 50.167 |
| 6 | s | 62.8356 |