Mercury (Hg)

Mercury is the 80th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Hg and atomic number of 80. It has an atomic weight of 200.592 and a mass number of 202. Mercury has eighty protons and one hundred twenty-two neutrons in its nucleus, and eighty electrons in six shells. It is located in group twelve, period six and block d of the periodic table. Heavy silvery liquid metallic element, belongs to the zinc group. Used in thermometers, barometers and other scientific apparatus. Less reactive than zinc and cadmium, does not displace hydrogen from acids. Forms a number of complexes and organomercury compounds.

Atomic Number	80
Atomic Weight	200.592
Mass Number	202

Group	12
Period	6
Block	d

Protons	80 p⁺
Neutrons	122 n⁰
Electrons	80 e^-

Physical Properties

Atomic Radius	150 pm 229 pm
Molar Volume	14.8 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	133 pm 142 pm 132 pm
Metallic Radius	139 pm 151 pm
Ionic Radius	97 pm 119 pm 69 pm 96 pm 102 pm 114 pm
Crystal Radius	111 pm 133 pm 83 pm 110 pm 116 pm 128 pm
Van der Waals Radius	205 pm 223 pm 253 pm 270.5 pm
Density	13.5336 g/cm³ 13,534 kg/m³

Chemical Properties

Energy

Proton Affinity
Electron Affinity
Ionization Energy	10.437504 eV/particle 18.75687 eV/particle 34.46 eV/particle 48.55 eV/particle 61.2 eV/particle 76.6 eV/particle 93 eV/particle 113.9 eV/particle 134 eV/particle 153 eV/particle 173 eV/particle 192.7 eV/particle 276.9 eV/particle 307 eV/particle 332 eV/particle 357 eV/particle 402 eV/particle 429 eV/particle 477 eV/particle 530 eV/particle 560 eV/particle 590 eV/particle 650 eV/particle 710 eV/particle 760 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 880 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 990 eV/particle 1,050 eV/particle 1,110 eV/particle 1,160 eV/particle 1,220 eV/particle 1,280 eV/particle 1,549 eV/particle 1,603 eV/particle 1,661 eV/particle 1,723 eV/particle 1,780 eV/particle 1,839 eV/particle 1,928 eV/particle 1,989 eV/particle 2,052 eV/particle 2,113 eV/particle 2,354 eV/particle 2,412 eV/particle 2,478 eV/particle 2,539 eV/particle 2,745 eV/particle 2,815 eV/particle 2,981 eV/particle 3,049.9 eV/particle 5,055 eV/particle 5,191 eV/particle 5,335 eV/particle 5,490 eV/particle 5,636 eV/particle 5,780 eV/particle 6,041 eV/particle 6,192 eV/particle 6,356 eV/particle 6,508 eV/particle 6,933 eV/particle 7,066 eV/particle 7,211 eV/particle 7,350 eV/particle 8,000 eV/particle 8,160 eV/particle 8,470 eV/particle 8,620 eV/particle 18,550 eV/particle 18,910 eV/particle 19,310 eV/particle 19,680 eV/particle 22,120 eV/particle 22,580 eV/particle 23,170 eV/particle 23,544.1 eV/particle 94,124.7 eV/particle 95,897.7 eV/particle

Heat of Vaporization	58.5 kJ/mol
Heat of Fusion	2.295 kJ/mol
Heat of Formation	61.38 kJ/mol
Electrons

Electron Shells	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2

Valence Electrons	2 ⓘ

Electron Configuration	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²

Oxidation States	-2, 1, 2
Electronegativity	10.44 eV/particle 0.169 1.9
Electrophilicity Index
States of Matter

Phase	Liquid
Gas Phase
Boiling Point	629.769 K
Melting Point	234.321 K
Critical Pressure	167 MPa
Critical Temperature	1,764.15 K
Triple Point	234.3156 K
Visual
Mercury is a Silver. Hg has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #b8b8d0, and MOLCAS GV of #b8b8d0. The Appearance of Element 80 is silvery. The Refractive Index of Mercury (Hg) is 1.000933.
Color	Silver #ff1493 #b8b8d0 #b8b8d0
Appearance	silvery
Refractive Index	1.000933
Thermodynamic Properties
Thermal Conductivity	8.3 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.000181 1/K
Molar Heat Capacity	27.983 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.14 J/(g⋅K)
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index)
Electrical Properties
Type	Conductor
Electrical Conductivity	1 MS/m
Electrical Resistivity	0.00000096 Ω*m
Superconducting Point	4.154 K
Magnetism
Type	diamagnetic
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000021 m³/Kg
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000421 m³/mol
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000284
Magnetic Ordering
Curie Point
Neel Point
Structure
The Crystal Structure of Mercury is RHL. The lattice constant of Hg is 2.99 Å. The lattice angles of Element 80 are 1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081.
Crystal Structure	Simple Trigonal (RHL)
Lattice Constant	2.99 Å
Lattice Angles	1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081
Mechanical Properties
The Bulk Modulus of Mercury is 25 GPa. The Speed of Sound of Hg is 1407 m/s.
Hardness
Bulk Modulus	25 GPa
Shear Modulus
Young's Modulus
Poisson Ratio
Speed of Sound	1,407 m/s
Classification
The CAS Group of Mercury is IIB. The IUPAC Group of Hg is IIB. The Glawe Number of Element 80 is 76. The Mendeleev Number of Mercury (Hg) is 79. The Pettifor Number of Mercury is 74. The Goldschmidt Class of Hg is chalcophile.
Category	Transition metals, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIB
IUPAC Group	IIB
Glawe Number	76
Mendeleev Number	79
Pettifor Number	74
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt Class	chalcophile

Other

The Dipole Polarizability of Mercury is 33.91 plus or minus 0.34 a₀. Hg has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 268 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 80 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Mercury (Hg) is 374. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Mercury is 0.063. The Quantum Numbers of Hg is 1S0. The Space Group of Element 80 is 166 (R_3m).

Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability	33.91 ± 0.34 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	268 a₀
Allotropes
Neutron Cross Section	374
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.063
Quantum Numbers	1S0
Space Group	166 (R_3m)

Isotopes of Mercury

Stable Isotopes	5
Unstable Isotopes	42
Natural Isotopes	7

¹⁷⁰Hg

Mass Number	170
Neutron Number	90
Relative Atomic Mass	170.005814 ± 0.000324 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	310 ± 250 us
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2019
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁷¹Hg

Mass Number	171
Neutron Number	91
Relative Atomic Mass	171.003585 ± 0.000329 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	70 ± 30 us
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2004
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷²Hg

Mass Number	172
Neutron Number	92
Relative Atomic Mass	171.998860581 ± 0.000161098 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	231 ± 9 us
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷³Hg

Mass Number	173
Neutron Number	93
Relative Atomic Mass	172.997143 ± 0.000215 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	800 ± 80 us
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁷⁴Hg

Mass Number	174
Neutron Number	94
Relative Atomic Mass	173.992870575 ± 0.000020623 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	2 ± 0.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1997
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷⁵Hg

Mass Number	175
Neutron Number	95
Relative Atomic Mass	174.991444451 ± 0.000087047 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	10.2 ± 0.3 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1983
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷⁶Hg

Mass Number	176
Neutron Number	96
Relative Atomic Mass	175.98734867 ± 0.000011936 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	20.3 ± 1.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1983
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	90%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷⁷Hg

Mass Number	177
Neutron Number	97
Relative Atomic Mass	176.98628459 ± 0.000090952 Da
G-Factor	-0.29142857142857 ± 0.014285714285714
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	117 ± 7 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1975
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷⁸Hg

Mass Number	178
Neutron Number	98
Relative Atomic Mass	177.982484756 ± 0.000011548 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	266.5 ± 2.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1971
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	89%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁷⁹Hg

Mass Number	179
Neutron Number	99
Relative Atomic Mass	178.981821759 ± 0.000030188 Da
G-Factor	-0.26857142857143 ± 0.0057142857142857
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	1.05 ± 0.03 s
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1970
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	75%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	25%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.15%

¹⁸⁰Hg

Mass Number	180
Neutron Number	100
Relative Atomic Mass	179.97826018 ± 0.000013574 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	2.59 ± 0.01 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1970
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	52%
α (α emission)	48%

¹⁸¹Hg

Mass Number	181
Neutron Number	101
Relative Atomic Mass	180.977819368 ± 0.000016513 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	3.6 ± 0.1 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	73%
α (α emission)	27%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.014%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	9%

¹⁸²Hg

Mass Number	182
Neutron Number	102
Relative Atomic Mass	181.974689173 ± 0.00001051 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	10.83 ± 0.06 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1968
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	86.2%
α (α emission)	13.8%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	1%

¹⁸³Hg

Mass Number	183
Neutron Number	103
Relative Atomic Mass	182.974444652 ± 0.000007604 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	9.4 ± 0.7 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	88.3%
α (α emission)	11.7%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	2.6%

¹⁸⁴Hg

Mass Number	184
Neutron Number	104
Relative Atomic Mass	183.971717709 ± 0.000010235 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	30.87 ± 0.26 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	98.89%
α (α emission)	1.11%

¹⁸⁵Hg

Mass Number	185
Neutron Number	105
Relative Atomic Mass	184.971890696 ± 0.000014641 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	49.1 ± 1 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

¹⁸⁶Hg

Mass Number	186
Neutron Number	106
Relative Atomic Mass	185.969362061 ± 0.000012507 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	1.38 ± 0.06 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.016%

¹⁸⁷Hg

Mass Number	187
Neutron Number	107
Relative Atomic Mass	186.96981354 ± 0.00001381 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	1.9 ± 0.3 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁸Hg

Mass Number	188
Neutron Number	108
Relative Atomic Mass	187.967580738 ± 0.000007285 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	3.25 ± 0.15 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	3.7%

¹⁸⁹Hg

Mass Number	189
Neutron Number	109
Relative Atomic Mass	188.968194776 ± 0.000033873 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	7.6 ± 0.2 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1955
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁹⁰Hg

Mass Number	190
Neutron Number	110
Relative Atomic Mass	189.96632225 ± 0.000017076 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	20 ± 0.5 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1959
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁹¹Hg

Mass Number	191
Neutron Number	111
Relative Atomic Mass	190.967158301 ± 0.000023918 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	49 ± 10 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1954
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁹²Hg

Mass Number	192
Neutron Number	112
Relative Atomic Mass	191.965634263 ± 0.000016679 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	4.85 ± 0.2 h
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁹³Hg

Mass Number	193
Neutron Number	113
Relative Atomic Mass	192.966653395 ± 0.000016645 Da
G-Factor	-0.41673333333333 ± 0.00053333333333333
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	3.8 ± 0.15 h
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment	-0.7 ± 0.3
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁹⁴Hg

Mass Number	194
Neutron Number	114
Relative Atomic Mass	193.965449108 ± 0.0000031 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	447 ± 28 y
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1962
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁹⁵Hg

Mass Number	195
Neutron Number	115
Relative Atomic Mass	194.966705809 ± 0.000024843 Da
G-Factor	1.0786 ± 0.0012
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	10.69 ± 0.16 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁹⁶Hg

Mass Number	196
Neutron Number	116
Relative Atomic Mass	195.965833445 ± 0.000003163 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance	0.15 ± 0.01
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1930
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

¹⁹⁷Hg

Mass Number	197
Neutron Number	117
Relative Atomic Mass	196.967213715 ± 0.000003442 Da
G-Factor	1.0506 ± 0.0012
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	64.93 ± 0.07 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1941
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁹⁸Hg

Mass Number	198
Neutron Number	118
Relative Atomic Mass	197.966769177 ± 0.000000491 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance	10.04 ± 0.03
Radioactivity	Stable
Half Life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹⁹⁹Hg

Mass Number	199
Neutron Number	119
Relative Atomic Mass	198.968280994 ± 0.000000564 Da
G-Factor	1.0078 ± 0.0012
Abundance	16.94 ± 0.12
Radioactivity	Stable
Half Life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	-

²⁰⁰Hg

Mass Number	200
Neutron Number	120
Relative Atomic Mass	199.968326941 ± 0.000000568 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance	23.14 ± 0.09
Radioactivity	Stable
Half Life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

²⁰¹Hg

Mass Number	201
Neutron Number	121
Relative Atomic Mass	200.970303054 ± 0.000000763 Da
G-Factor	-0.372 ± 0.00046666666666667
Abundance	13.17 ± 0.09
Radioactivity	Stable
Half Life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	-

²⁰²Hg

Mass Number	202
Neutron Number	122
Relative Atomic Mass	201.970643604 ± 0.000000757 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance	29.74 ± 0.13
Radioactivity	Stable
Half Life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1920
Parity	+

²⁰³Hg

Mass Number	203
Neutron Number	123
Relative Atomic Mass	202.972872396 ± 0.00000175 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	46.61 ± 0.01 d
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.344 ± 0.007
Discovery Year	1943
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁴Hg

Mass Number	204
Neutron Number	124
Relative Atomic Mass	203.973494037 ± 0.000000534 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance	6.82 ± 0.04
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1920
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

²⁰⁵Hg

Mass Number	205
Neutron Number	125
Relative Atomic Mass	204.976073151 ± 0.000003923 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	5.14 ± 0.09 m
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1940
Parity	-

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁶Hg

Mass Number	206
Neutron Number	126
Relative Atomic Mass	205.977513837 ± 0.000021943 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	8.32 ± 0.07 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1961
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁷Hg

Mass Number	207
Neutron Number	127
Relative Atomic Mass	206.9823 ± 0.000032 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	2.9 ± 0.2 m
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1982
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁸Hg

Mass Number	208
Neutron Number	128
Relative Atomic Mass	207.985759 ± 0.000033 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	135 ± 10 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1994
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁹Hg

Mass Number	209
Neutron Number	129
Relative Atomic Mass	208.990757 ± 0.000161 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	6.3 ± 1.1 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1998
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²¹⁰Hg

Mass Number	210
Neutron Number	130
Relative Atomic Mass	209.99431 ± 0.000215 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	64 ± 12 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1998
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.2%

²¹¹Hg

Mass Number	211
Neutron Number	131
Relative Atomic Mass	210.999581 ± 0.000215 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life	26.4 ± 8.1 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.3%

²¹²Hg

Mass Number	212
Neutron Number	132
Relative Atomic Mass	212.003242 ± 0.000322 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²¹³Hg

Mass Number	213
Neutron Number	133
Relative Atomic Mass	213.008803 ± 0.000322 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²¹⁴Hg

Mass Number	214
Neutron Number	134
Relative Atomic Mass	214.012636 ± 0.000429 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²¹⁵Hg

Mass Number	215
Neutron Number	135
Relative Atomic Mass	215.018368 ± 0.000429 Da
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

²¹⁶Hg

Mass Number	216
Neutron Number	136
Relative Atomic Mass	216.022459 ± 0.000429 Da
G-Factor	0
Abundance
Radioactivity	☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

History

Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese and Indians and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 BC. Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed. They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury. From the Latin word hydrargyrum meaning liquid silver

Discoverers	Known to the ancients.
Discovery Location
Discovery Year
Etymology (Name Origin)	From the Roman god Mercury; symbol from Latin: hydrargyrus (liquid silver).
Pronunciation	MER-kyoo-ri (English)

Mercury and most of its compounds are highly toxic

Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature

Uses

Mercury is used in barometers and manometers because of its high density. Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps. Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes. Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers. Used in thermometers, barometers, and batteries. Also used in electrical switches and mercury-vapor lighting products.

Sources

Virtually all mercury comes from cinnabar or mercury sulfide (HgS). Some sources of red cinnabar are so rich in mercury that droplets of elemental mercury can be found in random samples.

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.085 mg/kg
Natural Abundance (Oceans)	0.00003 mg/L
Natural Abundance (Human Body)
Natural Abundance (Meteor)	0.000025 %
Natural Abundance (Sun)	0.000002 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	1.5419
2	p	4.499
2	s	20.8906
3	d	13.4804
3	p	22.4798
3	s	23.4587
4	d	37.532
4	f	38.2392
4	p	35.594
4	s	34.7552
5	d	59.144
5	p	54.033
5	s	51.889
6	s	68.8466

Also Known As

Hg
element 80
80Hg
hydrargyrum
quicksilver
mercury (element)

Translations

Norwegian Bokmålkvikksølv
Frenchmercure
Italianmercurio
Catalanmercuri
Spanishmercurio
Norwegian Nynorskkvikksølv
Hungarianhigany
Afrikaanskwik
Amharicባዜቃ
AragoneseMercurio
Arabicزئبق
Egyptian Arabicزيبق
AsturianMercuriu
AzerbaijaniCivə
BikolAsugi
Belarusianртуць
Bulgarianживак
Banglaপারদ
BretonMerkur
Bosnianživa
Central Kurdishزیوە
CorsicanArgentuvivu
Czechrtuť
ChuvashЧĕркĕмĕл
WelshArian byw
Danishkviksølv
GermanQuecksilber
Greekυδράργυρος
Esperantohidrargo
Estonianelavhõbe
BasqueZilarbizi
Persianجیوه
Finnishelohopea
FriulianMercuri
IrishMearcair
Galicianmercurio
ManxMercur
Hakka Chinesesúi-ngiùn
Hebrewכספית
Hindiपारा
Fiji HindiMercury
Croatianživa
Haitian CreoleMèki
Armenianսնդիկ
Interlinguamercurio
Indonesianraksa
Idomerkurio
Icelandickvikasilfur
Japanese水銀
Lojbanmargu
Georgianვერცხლისწყალი
KazakhСынап
Kannadaಪಾದರಸ
Korean수은
Komi-PermyakРтуть
KurdishZîbeq
KomiТюрк
Latinhydrargyrum
LuxembourgishQuecksëlwer
lbeХьюму муси
LigurianMercuio
Lithuaniangyvsidabris
Latviandzīvsudrabs
Mariмайдар
Māorikonuoi
Macedonianжива
Malayalamരസം
Marathiपारा
Western MariРтуть
Malayraksa
ErzyaЭрексия
nahYōliamochitl
Low GermanQuecksülver
Dutchkwik
NavajoBéésh Tózháanii
Occitanmercuri
Punjabiਪਾਰਾ
PampangaAsugi
Polishrtęć
Western Panjabiپارہ
Pashtoپاره
Portuguesemercúrio
QuechuaYaku qullqi
Romanianmercur
Russianртуть
Sicilianmircuriu
ScotsMercur
Serbo-Croatianživa
Slovakortuť
Slovenianživo srebro
Serbianжива
Saterland FrisianKwäksäälwer
SundaneseCai raksa
Swedishkvicksilver
SwahiliZebaki
SilesianŻywe strzybło
Tamilபாதரசம்
Thaiปรอท
TagalogAsoge
Turkishcıva
Ukrainianртуть
Urduپارہ
VepsArtut'
Vietnamesethủy ngân
WarayAsoge
KalmykМөңгүсн
Yiddishקוועקזילבער
YorubaFàdákàolómi
Chinese汞
English (Canada)Mercury
English (United Kingdom)mercury
Portuguese (Brazil)mercúrio
Cantonese水銀
Sinhalaමර්කරි
Odiaପାରଦ
Gujaratiપારો
emlMercùri
PiedmonteseMercuri (element)
GuaraniItamembeyku
TatarТерекөмеш
Mongolianмөнгөн ус
SomaliMeerkuri
Mazanderaniجیوه
UzbekSimob
Min Nan ChineseChúi-gîn
Literary Chinese汞
Belarusian (Taraskievica orthography)ртуць
AlbanianZhiva
Newariपारो
Chinese (China)汞
Chinese (Simplified)汞
Chinese (Hong Kong SAR China)汞
Chinese (Taiwan)汞
Chinese (Traditional)汞
AromanianGhearyiru
WalloonMierkeure
cdoCūi-ngṳ̀ng
LimburgishKwik
FaroeseKyksilvur
KyrgyzСымап
Maltesemerkurju
Scottish GaelicMearcair
LombardMercurio
Nepaliपारो
KikuyuMercury
ZhuangRaemxngaenz
Sanskritपारदः
XhosaI-Mercury
Tibetanམེར་ཁུ་རི།
Volapükmärkurin
Bhojpuriपारा
Bashkirтерегөмөш
Teluguపాదరసము
Lingua Franca Novamercurio
Northern Samieallisilba
oloArtugu
Burmeseပြဒါး
kbpMɛrɩkɩrɩ
OsseticДжынасу
Wu Chinese汞
Northern FrisianKwaksalwer
Divehiދިރޭރަހަ
HawaiianMelekulia
hywՍնդիկ
ExtremaduranMercuriu (elementu)
Uyghurمېركۇرىي(element)
TajikСимоб
SardinianMercùriu (elementu chìmicu)
Lule Samiviessosilbba
Inari Samielleesilbâ
Skolt Samijieʹllisilbb
Moroccan Arabicزاواق
CornishMerkuri
Manipuriꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ
MalagasyVolavelona
BalineseRasa (unsur)
dagZeeba
Tatar (Cyrillic)терекөмеш
OromoMeetii-gaanfuree ykn meerkurii

Mercury on ChemicalAid

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011026
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/1063
BNCF Thesaurus ID	23566
Bibliothèque nationale de France ID	11948174f
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	quecksilber
CAB ID	212292
CA PROP 65 ID	mercury-inorganic
CAS Registry Number	7439-97-6
ChEBI ID	16170
ChemSpider ID	22373
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID504172
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID1024172
Den Store Danske ID	kviksølv
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.278
Encyclopaedia of Islam (third edition) ID	COM_40943
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/mercury-chemical-element
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	mercure-element-chimique
EuroVoc ID	1880
FAST ID	1198509
FactGrid item ID	Q246507
Fandom article ID	chemistry:Mercury
Freebase ID	/m/025sw5g
French Vikidia ID	Mercure_(métal)
GND ID	4127830-6
Golden ID	Mercury_(element)-VM95ZK
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	3517262
HSDB ID	1208
ICSC ID	0056
InChI	InChI=1S/Hg
InChIKey	QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Mercury
KEGG ID	C01319
Klexikon article ID	Quecksilber
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/RTUT.html
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85083794
MeSH descriptor ID	D008628
NALT ID	44818
NDF-RT ID	N0000176083
NDL Authority ID	00571550
NKCR AUT ID	ph125284
Namuwiki ID	수은
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007565661705171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	2311
Online PWN Encyclopedia ID	3969683
OpenAlex ID	C2992549465
OpenAlex ID	C2993246259
OpenAlex ID	C3019217084
PSH ID	5790
Probes And Drugs ID	PD013435
PubChem CID	23931
Quora topic ID	Mercury-element
RxNorm ID	6769
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	14307-4
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1029463
Spanish Vikidia ID	Mercurio_(elemento_químico)
Store medisinske leksikon ID	kvikksølv
Store norske leksikon ID	kvikksølv
Treccani ID	mercurio
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	11617
UM-BBD compound ID	c0387
UMLS CUI	C0025424
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept13996
UNII	FXS1BY2PGL
USGS Thesaurus ID	1503
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14669524-n
YSO ID	14245
ZVG number	8490

Mercury (Hg)

Physical Properties

Chemical Properties

Other

Isotopes of Mercury

170Hg

171Hg

172Hg

173Hg

174Hg

175Hg

176Hg

177Hg

178Hg

179Hg

180Hg

181Hg

182Hg

183Hg

184Hg

185Hg

186Hg

187Hg

188Hg

189Hg

190Hg

191Hg

192Hg

193Hg

194Hg

195Hg

196Hg

197Hg

198Hg

199Hg

200Hg

201Hg

202Hg

203Hg

204Hg

205Hg

206Hg

207Hg

208Hg

209Hg

210Hg

211Hg

212Hg

213Hg

214Hg

215Hg

216Hg