Mercury (Hg)

Mercury is the 80th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Hg and atomic number of 80. It has an atomic weight of 200.592 and a mass number of 202. Mercury has eighty protons and one hundred twenty-two neutrons in its nucleus, and eighty electrons in six shells. It is located in group twelve, period six and block d of the periodic table. Heavy silvery liquid metallic element, belongs to the zinc group. Used in thermometers, barometers and other scientific apparatus. Less reactive than zinc and cadmium, does not displace hydrogen from acids. Forms a number of complexes and organomercury compounds.

Atomic Number	80
Atomic Weight	200.592
Mass Number	202

Group	12
Period	6
Block	d

Protons	80 p⁺
Neutrons	122 n⁰
Electrons	80 e^-

Properties

Physical Properties
Atomic Radius	150 pm 229 pm
Molar Volume	14.8 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	133 pm 142 pm 132 pm
Metallic Radius	139 pm 151 pm
Ionic Radius	97 pm 119 pm 69 pm 96 pm 102 pm 114 pm
Crystal Radius	111 pm 133 pm 83 pm 110 pm 116 pm 128 pm
Van der Waals Radius	205 pm 223 pm 253 pm 270.5 pm
Density	13.5336 g/cm³ 13,534 kg/m³
Energy
Proton Affinity
Electron Affinity
Ionization Energy	10.437504 eV/particle 18.75687 eV/particle 34.46 eV/particle 48.55 eV/particle 61.2 eV/particle 76.6 eV/particle 93 eV/particle 113.9 eV/particle 134 eV/particle 153 eV/particle 173 eV/particle 192.7 eV/particle 276.9 eV/particle 307 eV/particle 332 eV/particle 357 eV/particle 402 eV/particle 429 eV/particle 477 eV/particle 530 eV/particle 560 eV/particle 590 eV/particle 650 eV/particle 710 eV/particle 760 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 880 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 990 eV/particle 1,050 eV/particle 1,110 eV/particle 1,160 eV/particle 1,220 eV/particle 1,280 eV/particle 1,549 eV/particle 1,603 eV/particle 1,661 eV/particle 1,723 eV/particle 1,780 eV/particle 1,839 eV/particle 1,928 eV/particle 1,989 eV/particle 2,052 eV/particle 2,113 eV/particle 2,354 eV/particle 2,412 eV/particle 2,478 eV/particle 2,539 eV/particle 2,745 eV/particle 2,815 eV/particle 2,981 eV/particle 3,049.9 eV/particle 5,055 eV/particle 5,191 eV/particle 5,335 eV/particle 5,490 eV/particle 5,636 eV/particle 5,780 eV/particle 6,041 eV/particle 6,192 eV/particle 6,356 eV/particle 6,508 eV/particle 6,933 eV/particle 7,066 eV/particle 7,211 eV/particle 7,350 eV/particle 8,000 eV/particle 8,160 eV/particle 8,470 eV/particle 8,620 eV/particle 18,550 eV/particle 18,910 eV/particle 19,310 eV/particle 19,680 eV/particle 22,120 eV/particle 22,580 eV/particle 23,170 eV/particle 23,544.1 eV/particle 94,124.7 eV/particle 95,897.7 eV/particle

Heat of Vaporization	58.5 kJ/mol
Heat of Fusion	2.295 kJ/mol
Heat of Formation	61.38 kJ/mol
Electrons
Electron Shells	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2

Valence Electrons	2
Electron Configuration	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²

Oxidation States	-2, 1, 2
Electronegativity	10.44 eV/particle 0.169 1.9
Electrophilicity
Phases
Phase	Liquid
Gas Phase
Boiling Point	629.769 K
Melting Point	234.321 K
Critical Pressure	167 MPa
Critical Temperature	1,764.15 K
Triple Point	234.3156 K
Visual
Mercury is a Silver. Hg has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #b8b8d0, and MOLCAS GV of #b8b8d0. The Appearance of Element 80 is silvery. The Refractive Index of Mercury (Hg) is 1.000933.
Color	Silver #ff1493 #b8b8d0 #b8b8d0
Appearance	silvery
Refractive Index	1.000933
Thermodynamic Properties
Thermal Conductivity	8.3 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.000181 1/K
Molar Heat Capacity	27.983 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.14 J/(g⋅K)
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index)
Electrical Properties
Type	Conductor
Electrical Conductivity	1 MS/m
Electrical Resistivity	0.00000096 m Ω
Superconducting Point	4.154 K
Magnetism
Type	diamagnetic
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000021 m³/Kg
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000421 m³/mol
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000284
Magnetic Ordering
Curie Point
Neel Point
Structure
The Crystal Structure of Mercury is RHL. The lattice constant of Hg is 2.99 Å. The lattice angles of Element 80 are 1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081.
Crystal Structure	Simple Trigonal (RHL)
Lattice Constant	2.99 Å
Lattice Angles	1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081
Mechanical Properties
The Bulk Modulus of Mercury is 25 GPa. The Speed of Sound of Hg is 1407 m/s.
Hardness
Bulk Modulus	25 GPa
Shear Modulus
Young Modulus
Poisson Ratio
Speed of Sound	1,407 m/s
Classification
The CAS Group of Mercury is IIB. The IUPAC Group of Hg is IIB. The Glawe Number of Element 80 is 76. The Mendeleev Number of Mercury (Hg) is 79. The Pettifor Number of Mercury is 74. The Goldschmidt Class of Hg is chalcophile.
Category	Transition metals, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIB
IUPAC Group	IIB
Glawe Number	76
Mendeleev Number	79
Pettifor Number	74
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt Class	chalcophile
Other
The Dipole Polarizability of Mercury is 33.91 plus or minus 0.34 a₀. Hg has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 268 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 80 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Mercury (Hg) is 374. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Mercury is 0.063. The Quantum Numbers of Hg is 1S0. The Space Group of Element 80 is 166 (R_3m).
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability	33.91 ± 0.34 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	268 a₀
Allotropes
Neutron Cross Section	374
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.063
Quantum Numbers	1S0
Space Group	166 (R_3m)

Isotopes of Mercury

Stable Isotopes	7
Unstable Isotopes	40
Radioactive Isotopes	40

¹⁷⁰Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	170.005814 ± 0.000324 Da
Mass Number	170
G-Factor	0
Half Life	310 ± 250 us
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2019
Parity	+

¹⁷⁰Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁷¹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	171.003585 ± 0.000329 Da
Mass Number	171
G-Factor
Half Life	70 ± 30 us
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2004
Parity	-

¹⁷¹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷²Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	171.998860581 ± 0.000161098 Da
Mass Number	172
G-Factor	0
Half Life	231 ± 9 us
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	+

¹⁷²Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷³Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	172.997143 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	173
G-Factor
Half Life	800 ± 80 us
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	-

¹⁷³Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁷⁴Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	173.992870575 ± 0.000020623 Da
Mass Number	174
G-Factor	0
Half Life	2 ± 0.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1997
Parity	+

¹⁷⁴Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷⁵Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	174.991444451 ± 0.000087047 Da
Mass Number	175
G-Factor
Half Life	10.2 ± 0.3 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1983
Parity	-

¹⁷⁵Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷⁶Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	175.98734867 ± 0.000011936 Da
Mass Number	176
G-Factor	0
Half Life	20.3 ± 1.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1983
Parity	+

¹⁷⁶Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	90%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷⁷Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	176.98628459 ± 0.000090952 Da
Mass Number	177
G-Factor	-0.29142857142857 ± 0.014285714285714
Half Life	117 ± 7 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1975
Parity	-

¹⁷⁷Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷⁸Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	177.982484756 ± 0.000011548 Da
Mass Number	178
G-Factor	0
Half Life	266.5 ± 2.4 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1971
Parity	+

¹⁷⁸Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	89%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁷⁹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	178.981821759 ± 0.000030188 Da
Mass Number	179
G-Factor	-0.26857142857143 ± 0.0057142857142857
Half Life	1.05 ± 0.03 s
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1970
Parity	-

¹⁷⁹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	75%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	25%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.15%

¹⁸⁰Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	179.97826018 ± 0.000013574 Da
Mass Number	180
G-Factor	0
Half Life	2.59 ± 0.01 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1970
Parity	+

¹⁸⁰Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	52%
α (α emission)	48%

¹⁸¹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	180.977819368 ± 0.000016513 Da
Mass Number	181
G-Factor
Half Life	3.6 ± 0.1 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	-

¹⁸¹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	73%
α (α emission)	27%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.014%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	9%

¹⁸²Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	181.974689173 ± 0.00001051 Da
Mass Number	182
G-Factor	0
Half Life	10.83 ± 0.06 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1968
Parity	+

¹⁸²Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	86.2%
α (α emission)	13.8%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	1%

¹⁸³Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	182.974444652 ± 0.000007604 Da
Mass Number	183
G-Factor
Half Life	9.4 ± 0.7 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	-

¹⁸³Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	88.3%
α (α emission)	11.7%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	2.6%

¹⁸⁴Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	183.971717709 ± 0.000010235 Da
Mass Number	184
G-Factor	0
Half Life	30.87 ± 0.26 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	+

¹⁸⁴Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	98.89%
α (α emission)	1.11%

¹⁸⁵Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	184.971890696 ± 0.000014641 Da
Mass Number	185
G-Factor
Half Life	49.1 ± 1 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	-

¹⁸⁵Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

¹⁸⁶Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	185.969362061 ± 0.000012507 Da
Mass Number	186
G-Factor	0
Half Life	1.38 ± 0.06 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

¹⁸⁶Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.016%

¹⁸⁷Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	186.96981354 ± 0.00001381 Da
Mass Number	187
G-Factor
Half Life	1.9 ± 0.3 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	-

¹⁸⁷Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁸⁸Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	187.967580738 ± 0.000007285 Da
Mass Number	188
G-Factor	0
Half Life	3.25 ± 0.15 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

¹⁸⁸Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	3.7%

¹⁸⁹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	188.968194776 ± 0.000033873 Da
Mass Number	189
G-Factor
Half Life	7.6 ± 0.2 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1955
Parity	-

¹⁸⁹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁹⁰Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	189.96632225 ± 0.000017076 Da
Mass Number	190
G-Factor	0
Half Life	20 ± 0.5 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1959
Parity	+

¹⁹⁰Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁹¹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	190.967158301 ± 0.000023918 Da
Mass Number	191
G-Factor
Half Life	49 ± 10 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1954
Parity	-

¹⁹¹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁹²Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	191.965634263 ± 0.000016679 Da
Mass Number	192
G-Factor	0
Half Life	4.85 ± 0.2 h
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	+

¹⁹²Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁹³Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	192.966653395 ± 0.000016645 Da
Mass Number	193
G-Factor	-0.41673333333333 ± 0.00053333333333333
Half Life	3.8 ± 0.15 h
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment	-0.7 ± 0.3
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	-

¹⁹³Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁹⁴Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	193.965449108 ± 0.0000031 Da
Mass Number	194
G-Factor	0
Half Life	447 ± 28 y
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1962
Parity	+

¹⁹⁴Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁹⁵Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	194.966705809 ± 0.000024843 Da
Mass Number	195
G-Factor	1.0786 ± 0.0012
Half Life	10.69 ± 0.16 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1952
Parity	-

¹⁹⁵Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁹⁶Hg

Abundance	0.15 ± 0.01
Relative Atomic Mass	195.965833445 ± 0.000003163 Da
Mass Number	196
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1930
Parity	+

¹⁹⁶Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)	%

¹⁹⁷Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	196.967213715 ± 0.000003442 Da
Mass Number	197
G-Factor	1.0506 ± 0.0012
Half Life	64.93 ± 0.07 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1941
Parity	-

¹⁹⁷Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁹⁸Hg

Abundance	10.04 ± 0.03
Relative Atomic Mass	197.966769177 ± 0.000000491 Da
Mass Number	198
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹⁹⁹Hg

Abundance	16.94 ± 0.12
Relative Atomic Mass	198.968280994 ± 0.000000564 Da
Mass Number	199
G-Factor	1.0078 ± 0.0012
Half Life
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	-

²⁰⁰Hg

Abundance	23.14 ± 0.09
Relative Atomic Mass	199.968326941 ± 0.000000568 Da
Mass Number	200
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

²⁰¹Hg

Abundance	13.17 ± 0.09
Relative Atomic Mass	200.970303054 ± 0.000000763 Da
Mass Number	201
G-Factor	-0.372 ± 0.00046666666666667
Half Life
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	-

²⁰²Hg

Abundance	29.74 ± 0.13
Relative Atomic Mass	201.970643604 ± 0.000000757 Da
Mass Number	202
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1920
Parity	+

²⁰³Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	202.972872396 ± 0.00000175 Da
Mass Number	203
G-Factor
Half Life	46.61 ± 0.01 d
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.344 ± 0.007
Discovery Year	1943
Parity	-

²⁰³Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁴Hg

Abundance	6.82 ± 0.04
Relative Atomic Mass	203.973494037 ± 0.000000534 Da
Mass Number	204
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1920
Parity	+

²⁰⁴Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	%

²⁰⁵Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	204.976073151 ± 0.000003923 Da
Mass Number	205
G-Factor
Half Life	5.14 ± 0.09 m
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1940
Parity	-

²⁰⁵Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁶Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	205.977513837 ± 0.000021943 Da
Mass Number	206
G-Factor	0
Half Life	8.32 ± 0.07 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1961
Parity	+

²⁰⁶Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁷Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	206.9823 ± 0.000032 Da
Mass Number	207
G-Factor
Half Life	2.9 ± 0.2 m
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1982
Parity	+

²⁰⁷Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁸Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	207.985759 ± 0.000033 Da
Mass Number	208
G-Factor	0
Half Life	135 ± 10 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1994
Parity	+

²⁰⁸Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁰⁹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	208.990757 ± 0.000161 Da
Mass Number	209
G-Factor
Half Life	6.3 ± 1.1 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1998
Parity	+

²⁰⁹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

²¹⁰Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	209.99431 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	210
G-Factor	0
Half Life	64 ± 12 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1998
Parity	+

²¹⁰Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.2%

²¹¹Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	210.999581 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	211
G-Factor
Half Life	26.4 ± 8.1 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹¹Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.3%

²¹²Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	212.003242 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	212
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹²Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

²¹³Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	213.008803 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	213
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹³Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

²¹⁴Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	214.012636 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	214
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹⁴Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

²¹⁵Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	215.018368 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	215
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹⁵Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

²¹⁶Hg

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	216.022459 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	216
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	+

²¹⁶Hg Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

History

Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese and Indians and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 BC. Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed. They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury. From the Latin word hydrargyrum meaning liquid silver

Discoverers	Known to the ancients.
Discovery Location
Discovery Year
Etymology (Name Origin)	From the Roman god Mercury; symbol from Latin: hydrargyrus (liquid silver).
Pronunciation	MER-kyoo-ri (English)

Mercury and most of its compounds are highly toxic

Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature

Uses

Mercury is used in barometers and manometers because of its high density. Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps. Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes. Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers. Used in thermometers, barometers, and batteries. Also used in electrical switches and mercury-vapor lighting products.

Sources

Virtually all mercury comes from cinnabar or mercury sulfide (HgS). Some sources of red cinnabar are so rich in mercury that droplets of elemental mercury can be found in random samples.

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.085 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans	0.00003 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor	0.000025 %
Abundance in Sun	0.000002 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	1.5419
2	p	4.499
2	s	20.8906
3	d	13.4804
3	p	22.4798
3	s	23.4587
4	d	37.532
4	f	38.2392
4	p	35.594
4	s	34.7552
5	d	59.144
5	p	54.033
5	s	51.889
6	s	68.8466

Mercury on ChemicalAid

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011026
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/1063
BNCF Thesaurus ID	23566
Bibliothèque nationale de France ID	11948174f
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	quecksilber
CAB ID	212292
CA PROP 65 ID	mercury-inorganic
CAS Registry Number	7439-97-6
ChEBI ID	16170
ChemSpider ID	22373
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID504172
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID1024172
Den Store Danske ID	kviksølv
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.278
Encyclopaedia of Islam (third edition) ID	COM_40943
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/mercury-chemical-element
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	mercure-element-chimique
EuroVoc ID	1880
FAST ID	1198509
FactGrid item ID	Q246507
Fandom article ID	chemistry:Mercury
Freebase ID	/m/025sw5g
French Vikidia ID	Mercure_(métal)
GND ID	4127830-6
Golden ID	Mercury_(element)-VM95ZK
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	3517262
HSDB ID	1208
ICSC ID	0056
InChI	InChI=1S/Hg
InChIKey	QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Mercury
KEGG ID	C01319
Klexikon article ID	Quecksilber
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/RTUT.html
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85083794
MeSH descriptor ID	D008628
NALT ID	44818
NDF-RT ID	N0000176083
NDL Authority ID	00571550
NKCR AUT ID	ph125284
Namuwiki ID	수은
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007565661705171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	2311
Online PWN Encyclopedia ID	3969683
OpenAlex ID	C2992549465
OpenAlex ID	C2993246259
OpenAlex ID	C3019217084
PSH ID	5790
Probes And Drugs ID	PD013435
PubChem CID	23931
Quora topic ID	Mercury-element
RxNorm ID	6769
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	14307-4
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1029463
Spanish Vikidia ID	Mercurio_(elemento_químico)
Store medisinske leksikon ID	kvikksølv
Store norske leksikon ID	kvikksølv
Treccani ID	mercurio
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	11617
UM-BBD compound ID	c0387
UMLS CUI	C0025424
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept13996
UNII	FXS1BY2PGL
USGS Thesaurus ID	1503
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14669524-n
YSO ID	14245
ZVG number	8490

Mercury (Hg)

Properties

Isotopes of Mercury

170Hg

170Hg Decay Modes

171Hg

171Hg Decay Modes

172Hg

172Hg Decay Modes

173Hg

173Hg Decay Modes

174Hg

174Hg Decay Modes

175Hg

175Hg Decay Modes

176Hg

176Hg Decay Modes

177Hg

177Hg Decay Modes

178Hg

178Hg Decay Modes

179Hg

179Hg Decay Modes

180Hg

180Hg Decay Modes

181Hg

181Hg Decay Modes

182Hg

182Hg Decay Modes

183Hg

183Hg Decay Modes

184Hg

184Hg Decay Modes

185Hg

185Hg Decay Modes

186Hg

186Hg Decay Modes

187Hg

187Hg Decay Modes

188Hg

188Hg Decay Modes

189Hg

189Hg Decay Modes

190Hg

190Hg Decay Modes

191Hg

191Hg Decay Modes

192Hg

192Hg Decay Modes

193Hg

193Hg Decay Modes

194Hg

194Hg Decay Modes

195Hg

195Hg Decay Modes

196Hg

196Hg Decay Modes

197Hg

197Hg Decay Modes

198Hg

199Hg

200Hg

201Hg

202Hg

203Hg

203Hg Decay Modes

204Hg

204Hg Decay Modes

205Hg

205Hg Decay Modes

206Hg

206Hg Decay Modes

207Hg

207Hg Decay Modes

208Hg

208Hg Decay Modes

209Hg

209Hg Decay Modes

210Hg

210Hg Decay Modes