Raksa, ²Merkuri

Raksa, ²Merkuri (Hg)

chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80
Atomic Number80
Atomic Weight200.592
Nombor jisim202
Group12
Period6
Blockd
proton80 p+
neutron122 n0
Elektron80 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
150 pm
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
133 pm
Metallic Radius
139 pm
ionic radius
97 pm
Crystal Radius
111 pm
Jejari van der Waals
223 pm
ketumpatan
13.5336 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Raksa, ²Merkuri0153045607590105120135150165180195210225240pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
10.437504 eV/particle
ionization energy of Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)
Entalpi pengewapan
58.5 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
2.295 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
61.38 kJ/mol
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Model Bohr: Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)
Elektron valens2
Teori ion Lewis: Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)
tatarajah elektron[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2
Enhanced Model Bohr of Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)
Orbital Diagram of Hg (Raksa, ²Merkuri)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-2, 1, 2
Keelektronegatifan
1.9
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimLiquid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
629.769 K
Melting Point
234.321 K
critical pressure
167 MPa
critical temperature
1,764.15 K
triple point
234.3156 K
rupa
warna
Silver
rupasilvery
indeks biasan
1.000933
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
0.000181 1/K
molar heat capacity
27.983 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
1 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
0.00000096 m Ω
Kesuperkonduksian
4.154 K
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000021 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.000000000421 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.0000284
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureSimple Trigonal (RHL)
lattice constant
2.99 Å
Lattice Angles1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
25 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
1,407 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIIB
IUPAC GroupIIB
Glawe Number76
Mendeleev Number79
Pettifor Number74
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
33.91 ± 0.34 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
374
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.063
Nombor kuantum1S0
space group166 (R_3m)

Isotopes of Mercury

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes42
Natural Isotopes7
Isotopic Composition20229.74%20229.74%20023.14%20023.14%19916.94%19916.94%20113.17%20113.17%19810.04%19810.04%2046.82%2046.82%1960.15%1960.15%

170Hg

Nombor jisim170
nombor neutron90
jisim atom relatif
170.005814 ± 0.000324 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
310 ± 250 us
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2019
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%

171Hg

Nombor jisim171
nombor neutron91
jisim atom relatif
171.003585 ± 0.000329 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
70 ± 30 us
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2004
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

172Hg

Nombor jisim172
nombor neutron92
jisim atom relatif
171.998860581 ± 0.000161098 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
231 ± 9 us
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1999
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

173Hg

Nombor jisim173
nombor neutron93
jisim atom relatif
172.997143 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
800 ± 80 us
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1999
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%

174Hg

Nombor jisim174
nombor neutron94
jisim atom relatif
173.992870575 ± 0.000020623 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2 ± 0.4 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

175Hg

Nombor jisim175
nombor neutron95
jisim atom relatif
174.991444451 ± 0.000087047 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
10.2 ± 0.3 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1983
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

176Hg

Nombor jisim176
nombor neutron96
jisim atom relatif
175.98734867 ± 0.000011936 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
20.3 ± 1.4 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1983
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)90%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

177Hg

Nombor jisim177
nombor neutron97
jisim atom relatif
176.98628459 ± 0.000090952 Da
g-factor
-0.29142857142857 ± 0.014285714285714
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
117 ± 7 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1975
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

178Hg

Nombor jisim178
nombor neutron98
jisim atom relatif
177.982484756 ± 0.000011548 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
266.5 ± 2.4 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1971
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)89%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

179Hg

Nombor jisim179
nombor neutron99
jisim atom relatif
178.981821759 ± 0.000030188 Da
g-factor
-0.26857142857143 ± 0.0057142857142857
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.05 ± 0.03 s
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1970
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)75%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)25%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.15%

180Hg

Nombor jisim180
nombor neutron100
jisim atom relatif
179.97826018 ± 0.000013574 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.59 ± 0.01 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1970
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)52%
α (α emission)48%

181Hg

Nombor jisim181
nombor neutron101
jisim atom relatif
180.977819368 ± 0.000016513 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.6 ± 0.1 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1969
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)73%
α (α emission)27%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.014%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)9%

182Hg

Nombor jisim182
nombor neutron102
jisim atom relatif
181.974689173 ± 0.00001051 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
10.83 ± 0.06 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1968
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)86.2%
α (α emission)13.8%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)1%

183Hg

Nombor jisim183
nombor neutron103
jisim atom relatif
182.974444652 ± 0.000007604 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
9.4 ± 0.7 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1969
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)88.3%
α (α emission)11.7%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2.6%

184Hg

Nombor jisim184
nombor neutron104
jisim atom relatif
183.971717709 ± 0.000010235 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
30.87 ± 0.26 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1969
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)98.89%
α (α emission)1.11%

185Hg

Nombor jisim185
nombor neutron105
jisim atom relatif
184.971890696 ± 0.000014641 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
49.1 ± 1 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1960
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)94%
α (α emission)6%

186Hg

Nombor jisim186
nombor neutron106
jisim atom relatif
185.969362061 ± 0.000012507 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.38 ± 0.06 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1960
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.016%

187Hg

Nombor jisim187
nombor neutron107
jisim atom relatif
186.96981354 ± 0.00001381 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.9 ± 0.3 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1960
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

188Hg

Nombor jisim188
nombor neutron108
jisim atom relatif
187.967580738 ± 0.000007285 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.25 ± 0.15 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1960
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)3.7%

189Hg

Nombor jisim189
nombor neutron109
jisim atom relatif
188.968194776 ± 0.000033873 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.6 ± 0.2 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1955
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

190Hg

Nombor jisim190
nombor neutron110
jisim atom relatif
189.96632225 ± 0.000017076 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
20 ± 0.5 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1959
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

191Hg

Nombor jisim191
nombor neutron111
jisim atom relatif
190.967158301 ± 0.000023918 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
49 ± 10 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1954
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

192Hg

Nombor jisim192
nombor neutron112
jisim atom relatif
191.965634263 ± 0.000016679 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
4.85 ± 0.2 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1952
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)

193Hg

Nombor jisim193
nombor neutron113
jisim atom relatif
192.966653395 ± 0.000016645 Da
g-factor
-0.41673333333333 ± 0.00053333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.8 ± 0.15 h
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.7 ± 0.3
tarikh penemuan1952
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

194Hg

Nombor jisim194
nombor neutron114
jisim atom relatif
193.965449108 ± 0.0000031 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
447 ± 28 y
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1962
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%

195Hg

Nombor jisim195
nombor neutron115
jisim atom relatif
194.966705809 ± 0.000024843 Da
g-factor
1.0786 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
10.69 ± 0.16 h
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1952
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

196Hg

Nombor jisim196
nombor neutron116
jisim atom relatif
195.965833445 ± 0.000003163 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0.15 ± 0.01
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1930
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
+ (double β+ decay)

197Hg

Nombor jisim197
nombor neutron117
jisim atom relatif
196.967213715 ± 0.000003442 Da
g-factor
1.0506 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
64.93 ± 0.07 h
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1941
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%

198Hg

Nombor jisim198
nombor neutron118
jisim atom relatif
197.966769177 ± 0.000000491 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
10.04 ± 0.03
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1925
parity+

199Hg

Nombor jisim199
nombor neutron119
jisim atom relatif
198.968280994 ± 0.000000564 Da
g-factor
1.0078 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
16.94 ± 0.12
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1925
parity-

200Hg

Nombor jisim200
nombor neutron120
jisim atom relatif
199.968326941 ± 0.000000568 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
23.14 ± 0.09
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1925
parity+

201Hg

Nombor jisim201
nombor neutron121
jisim atom relatif
200.970303054 ± 0.000000763 Da
g-factor
-0.372 ± 0.00046666666666667
natural abundance
13.17 ± 0.09
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1925
parity-

202Hg

Nombor jisim202
nombor neutron122
jisim atom relatif
201.970643604 ± 0.000000757 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
29.74 ± 0.13
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

203Hg

Nombor jisim203
nombor neutron123
jisim atom relatif
202.972872396 ± 0.00000175 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
46.61 ± 0.01 d
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.344 ± 0.007
tarikh penemuan1943
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

204Hg

Nombor jisim204
nombor neutron124
jisim atom relatif
203.973494037 ± 0.000000534 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
6.82 ± 0.04
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
(double β decay)

205Hg

Nombor jisim205
nombor neutron125
jisim atom relatif
204.976073151 ± 0.000003923 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.14 ± 0.09 m
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1940
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

206Hg

Nombor jisim206
nombor neutron126
jisim atom relatif
205.977513837 ± 0.000021943 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
8.32 ± 0.07 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1961
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

207Hg

Nombor jisim207
nombor neutron127
jisim atom relatif
206.9823 ± 0.000032 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.9 ± 0.2 m
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1982
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

208Hg

Nombor jisim208
nombor neutron128
jisim atom relatif
207.985759 ± 0.000033 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
135 ± 10 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

209Hg

Nombor jisim209
nombor neutron129
jisim atom relatif
208.990757 ± 0.000161 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.3 ± 1.1 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1998
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

210Hg

Nombor jisim210
nombor neutron130
jisim atom relatif
209.99431 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
64 ± 12 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1998
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.2%

211Hg

Nombor jisim211
nombor neutron131
jisim atom relatif
210.999581 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
26.4 ± 8.1 s
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6.3%

212Hg

Nombor jisim212
nombor neutron132
jisim atom relatif
212.003242 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

213Hg

Nombor jisim213
nombor neutron133
jisim atom relatif
213.008803 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

214Hg

Nombor jisim214
nombor neutron134
jisim atom relatif
214.012636 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

215Hg

Nombor jisim215
nombor neutron135
jisim atom relatif
215.018368 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

216Hg

Nombor jisim216
nombor neutron136
jisim atom relatif
216.022459 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Mercury-element

sejarah

penemu atau perekaKnown to the ancients.
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
EtimologiFrom the Roman god Mercury; symbol from Latin: hydrargyrus (liquid silver).
sebutanMER-kyoo-ri (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.085 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)
0.00003 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.000025 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.000002 %
Abundance in Universe
0.0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.5419
2p4.499
2s20.8906
3d13.4804
3p22.4798
3s23.4587
4d37.532
4f38.2392
4p35.594
4s34.7552
5d59.144
5p54.033
5s51.889
6s68.8466