Йод

Йод (I)

chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53
Atomic Number53
Atomic Weight126.90447
mass number127
Group17
Period5
Blockp
Протон53 p+
Нейтрон74 n0
Электрон53 e-
Animated Bohr model of I (Йод)

Physical Property

Атомдук Радиус
140 pm
molar volume
covalent radius
133 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
220 pm
Crystal Radius
206 pm
Van der Waals radius
198 pm
density
4,933 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Йод020406080100120140160180200pmАтомдук РадиусCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

энергия
proton affinity
608,2 kJ/mol
electron affinity
3,0590368 eV/particle
ionization energy
10,45126 eV/particle
ionization energy of I (Йод)
enthalpy of vaporization
41,95 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
15,52 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
106,757 kJ/mol
Электрон
electron shell2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Bohr model: I (Йод)
valence electron7
Lewis structure: I (Йод)
electron configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p5
Enhanced Bohr model of I (Йод)
Orbital Diagram of I (Йод)
oxidation number-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
electronegativity
2.66
Electrophilicity Index
3,0864889135126865 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
457,55 K
Melting Point
386,85 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
819,15 K
triple point
386,75 K
12,11 kPa
appearance
Түс –
Slate Gray
appearancelustrous metallic gray, violet as a gas
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
54,43 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0,214 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeInsulator
electrical conductivity
0,0000000000001 MS/m
electrical resistivity
10 000 000 m Ω
superconductivity
Магнетизм
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0,0000000045 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0,00000000114 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0,0000222
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
түзүм
Crystal StructureBase Centered Orthorhombic (ORC)
lattice constant
7,72 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
bulk modulus
7,7 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
classification
CategoryHalogens, Halogens
CAS GroupVIIB
IUPAC GroupVIIA
Glawe Number99
Mendeleev Number109
Pettifor Number97
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Литофиль элементтериlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
583,5 kJ/mol
polarizability
32,9 ± 1,3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
385 a₀
allotropeDiiodine
Neutron cross section
6,3
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0018
Кванттык сандар2P3/2
space group64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Iodine

Stable Isotopes1
Unstable Isotopes41
Natural Isotopes1

106I

mass number106
neutron number53
relative atomic mass
105,953516 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)

107I

mass number107
neutron number54
relative atomic mass
106,946935 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)

108I

mass number108
neutron number55
relative atomic mass
107,943348 ± 0,000109 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
26,4 ± 0,8 ms
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1991
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)99.5%
p (proton emission)0.5%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

109I

mass number109
neutron number56
relative atomic mass
108,938086022 ± 0,000007223 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
92,8 ± 0,8 us
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1984
parity+

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)99.986%
α (α emission)0.014%

110I

mass number110
neutron number57
relative atomic mass
109,935085102 ± 0,000066494 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
664 ± 24 ms
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1977
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)83%
α (α emission)17%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)11%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)1.1%

111I

mass number111
neutron number58
relative atomic mass
110,930269236 ± 0,000005103 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,5 ± 0,2 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1977
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.088%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

112I

mass number112
neutron number59
relative atomic mass
111,928004548 ± 0,000011 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
3,34 ± 0,08 s
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1977
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.0012%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.88%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)0.104%

113I

mass number113
neutron number60
relative atomic mass
112,923650062 ± 0,0000086 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
6,6 ± 0,2 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1977
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)3.31%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

114I

mass number114
neutron number61
relative atomic mass
113,9220189 ± 0,0000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,01 ± 0,15 s
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1977
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
α (α emission)7.7%

115I

mass number115
neutron number62
relative atomic mass
114,918048 ± 0,000031 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,3 ± 0,2 m
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1969
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

116I

mass number116
neutron number63
relative atomic mass
115,916885513 ± 0,000080555 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,91 ± 0,15 s
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1976
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

117I

mass number117
neutron number64
relative atomic mass
116,913645649 ± 0,000027437 Da
g-factor
1,24 ± 0,08
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,22 ± 0,04 m
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1969
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)77%

118I

mass number118
neutron number65
relative atomic mass
117,913074 ± 0,000021213 Da
g-factor
1 ± 0,1
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
13,7 ± 0,5 m
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1957
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

119I

mass number119
neutron number66
relative atomic mass
118,91006091 ± 0,000023302 Da
g-factor
1,16 ± 0,04
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
19,1 ± 0,4 m
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1954
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)51%
ϵ (electron capture)49%

120I

mass number120
neutron number67
relative atomic mass
119,910093729 ± 0,000016212 Da
g-factor
0,615 ± 0,015
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
81,67 ± 0,18 m
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1957
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

121I

mass number121
neutron number68
relative atomic mass
120,907411492 ± 0,00000507 Da
g-factor
0,92 ± 0,04
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,12 ± 0,01 h
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1950
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

122I

mass number122
neutron number69
relative atomic mass
121,907590094 ± 0,000005561 Da
g-factor
0,94 ± 0,03
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
3,63 ± 0,06 m
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1950
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)78%
ϵ (electron capture)22%

123I

mass number123
neutron number70
relative atomic mass
122,905589753 ± 0,000003956 Da
g-factor
1,1272 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
13,2232 ± 0,0015 h
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1949
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

124I

mass number124
neutron number71
relative atomic mass
123,906210297 ± 0,000002467 Da
g-factor
0,723 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
4,176 ± 0,0003 d
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1938
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

125I

mass number125
neutron number72
relative atomic mass
124,90463061 ± 0,000001452 Da
g-factor
1,1284 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
59,392 ± 0,008 d
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,752 ± 0,017
time of discovery or invention1947
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

126I

mass number126
neutron number73
relative atomic mass
125,905624205 ± 0,000004055 Da
g-factor
0,719 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
12,93 ± 0,05 d
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1938
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)52.7%
β (β decay)47.3%

127I

mass number127
neutron number74
relative atomic mass
126,904472592 ± 0,000003887 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
100
Радиоактивдүүлүкstable isotope
half-lifeNot Radioactive ☢️
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,688 ± 0,01
time of discovery or invention1920
parity+

128I

mass number128
neutron number75
relative atomic mass
127,905809355 ± 0,000003887 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
24,99 ± 0,02 m
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1934
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)93.1%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)6.9%

129I

mass number129
neutron number76
relative atomic mass
128,904983643 ± 0,000003385 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
16,14 ± 0,12 My
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

130I

mass number130
neutron number77
relative atomic mass
129,906670168 ± 0,000003385 Da
g-factor
0,6698 ± 0,0014
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
12,36 ± 0,01 h
Спин5
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1938
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

131I

mass number131
neutron number78
relative atomic mass
130,906126375 ± 0,000000649 Da
g-factor
0,78228571428571 ± 0,00028571428571429
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
8,0249 ± 0,0006 d
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,34 ± 0,02
time of discovery or invention1939
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

132I

mass number132
neutron number79
relative atomic mass
131,907993511 ± 0,000004364 Da
g-factor
0,772 ± 0,00175
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,295 ± 0,013 h
Спин4
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,08 ± 0,01
time of discovery or invention1948
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

133I

mass number133
neutron number80
relative atomic mass
132,9078284 ± 0,000006335 Da
g-factor
0,816 ± 0,0014285714285714
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
20,83 ± 0,08 h
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,23 ± 0,01
time of discovery or invention1940
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

134I

mass number134
neutron number81
relative atomic mass
133,90977566 ± 0,000005213 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
52,5 ± 0,2 m
Спин4
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1948
parity

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

135I

mass number135
neutron number82
relative atomic mass
134,910059355 ± 0,000002211 Da
g-factor
0,84 ± 0,00057142857142857
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
6,58 ± 0,03 h
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1940
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

136I

mass number136
neutron number83
relative atomic mass
135,914604693 ± 0,000015231 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
83,4 ± 0,4 s
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

137I

mass number137
neutron number84
relative atomic mass
136,918028178 ± 0,000009 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
24,13 ± 0,12 s
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1943
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.51%

138I

mass number138
neutron number85
relative atomic mass
137,922726392 ± 0,0000064 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
6,26 ± 0,03 s
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)5.33%

139I

mass number139
neutron number86
relative atomic mass
138,9264934 ± 0,0000043 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,28 ± 0,011 s
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1949
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)9.74%

140I

mass number140
neutron number87
relative atomic mass
139,931715914 ± 0,000013 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
588 ± 10 ms
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1972
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

141I

mass number141
neutron number88
relative atomic mass
140,935666081 ± 0,000017 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
420 ± 7 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1974
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)21.2%

142I

mass number142
neutron number89
relative atomic mass
141,941166595 ± 0,0000053 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
235 ± 11 ms
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1975
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

143I

mass number143
neutron number90
relative atomic mass
142,945475 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
182 ± 8 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1994
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

144I

mass number144
neutron number91
relative atomic mass
143,951336 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
94 ± 8 ms
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1994
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

145I

mass number145
neutron number92
relative atomic mass
144,955845 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
89,7 ± 9,3 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2010
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

146I

mass number146
neutron number93
relative atomic mass
145,961846 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
94 ± 26 ms
Спин
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2018
parity

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

147I

mass number147
neutron number94
relative atomic mass
146,966505 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2018
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Sample of iodine
Iodine-sample
Iodine powder.JPG
Iodine microcrystals.JPG
Iodine'.JPG

тарых

discoverer or inventorBernard Courtois
location of discoveryFrance
time of discovery or invention1811
ЭтимологияGreek: iôeides (violet colored).
pronunciationEYE-eh-dine (англисче)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,45 mg/kg
natural abundance (Океан)
0,06 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)
0,00002 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,000025 %
natural abundance (Күн)
Abundance in Universe
0,0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.0609
2p4.1526
2s13.933
3d14.0993
3p18.1586
3s18.2126
4d32.066
4p28.9704
4s27.7028
5p41.3885
5s39.5965