Atomic Number | 49 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 114.818 |
Mass Number | 115 |
Group | 13 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | p |
Protons | 49 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 66 n0 |
Electrons | 49 e- |
Atomic Radius | 155 pm
|
---|---|
Molar Volume | 15.7 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 142 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 142 pm
|
Ionic Radius | 62 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 76 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius | 193 pm
|
Density | 7.31 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | 0.3 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 5.7863552 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 225.1 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | 3.24 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | 243 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 |
Valence Electrons | 3 |
Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 |
Oxidation States | -5, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 |
Electronegativity | 1.78
|
Electrophilicity | 0.8439965667135223 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | 2,300.15 K
|
Melting Point | 429.7485 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | 429.7436 K
|
Visual | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | silvery lustrous gray |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | 81.8 W/(m K)
|
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000321 1/K
|
Molar Heat Capacity | 26.74 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.233 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | Conductor |
Electrical Conductivity | 12 MS/m
|
Electrical Resistivity | 0.00000008000000000001 m Ω
|
Superconducting Point | 3.41 K
|
Magnetism | |
Type | diamagnetic |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | -0.0000000014 m³/Kg
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | -0.000000000161 m³/mol
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | -0.0000102
|
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
Crystal Structure | Centered Tetragonal (TET) |
Lattice Constant | 4.59 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | 1.2 MPa
|
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young Modulus | 11 GPa
|
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | 1,215 m/s
|
Classification | |
Category | Post-transition metals, Poor metals |
CAS Group | IIIB |
IUPAC Group | IIIA |
Glawe Number | 80 |
Mendeleev Number | 84 |
Pettifor Number | 79 |
Geochemical Class | |
Goldschmidt Class | chalcophile |
Other | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | 779 a₀
|
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 194
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.06
|
Quantum Numbers | 2P1/2 |
Space Group | 139 (I4/mmm) |
Stable Isotopes | 2 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 40 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 41 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 96 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2016 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
p (proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 97 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 36 ± 6 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2011 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 2.3% |
p (proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 98 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 30 ± 1 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.13% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 99 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 3.11 ± 0.06 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.29% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 100 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 5.62 ± 0.06 s
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1982 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 1.66% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 101 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 15.1 ± 1.1 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1988 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 1.7% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 102 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 23.3 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1981 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.0093% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 103 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 60 ± 1 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1978 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 104 |
G-Factor | 0.886 ± 0.004
|
Half Life | 1.8 ± 0.03 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.63 ± 0.1
|
Discovery Year | 1977 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 105 |
G-Factor | 1.2593333333333 ± 0.0011111111111111
|
Half Life | 5.07 ± 0.07 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.79 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 106 |
G-Factor | 0.70114285714286 ± 0.001
|
Half Life | 6.2 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.92 ± 0.06
|
Discovery Year | 1962 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 107 |
G-Factor | 1.2393333333333 ± 0.0017777777777778
|
Half Life | 32.4 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.77 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 108 |
G-Factor | 0.65057142857143 ± 0.00042857142857143
|
Half Life | 58 ± 1.2 m
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.957 ± 0.007
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 109 |
G-Factor | 1.2288888888889 ± 0.00088888888888889
|
Half Life | 4.159 ± 0.01 h
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.8 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 110 |
G-Factor | 0.67228571428571 ± 0.0011428571428571
|
Half Life | 4.92 ± 0.08 h
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.32 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 111 |
G-Factor | 1.2211111111111 ± 0.0015555555555556
|
Half Life | 2.8048 ± 0.0001 d
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.76 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 112 |
G-Factor | 2.82 ± 0.03
|
Half Life | 14.88 ± 0.15 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.082 ± 0.005
|
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 62% |
β− (β− decay) | 38% |
Abundance | 4.281 ± 0.052
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 113 |
G-Factor | 1.2268444444444 ± 0.000088888888888889
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1934 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 114 |
G-Factor | 2.813 ± 0.014
|
Half Life | 71.9 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 99.5% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 0.5% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ 95.719 ± 0.052
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 115 |
G-Factor | 1.2294666666667 ± 0.000088888888888889
|
Half Life | 441 ± 25 Ty
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1924 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 116 |
G-Factor | 2.7826 ± 0.0008
|
Half Life | 14.1 ± 0.03 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 0.0237% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 117 |
G-Factor | 1.2246666666667 ± 0.00088888888888889
|
Half Life | 43.2 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.79 ± 0.01
|
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 118 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 5 ± 0.5 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 119 |
G-Factor | 1.2237777777778 ± 0.0022222222222222
|
Half Life | 2.4 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.814 ± 0.007
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 120 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 3.08 ± 0.08 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1958 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 121 |
G-Factor | 1.2208888888889 ± 0.0011111111111111
|
Half Life | 23.1 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.776 ± 0.01
|
Discovery Year | 1960 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 122 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 1.5 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1963 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 123 |
G-Factor | 1.2184444444444 ± 0.0015555555555556
|
Half Life | 6.17 ± 0.05 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.722 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1960 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 124 |
G-Factor | 1.3456666666667 ± 0.0036666666666667
|
Half Life | 3.12 ± 0.09 s
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.58 ± 0.07
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 125 |
G-Factor | 1.2208888888889 ± 0.002
|
Half Life | 2.36 ± 0.04 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.68 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 126 |
G-Factor | 1.3426666666667 ± 0.0036666666666667
|
Half Life | 1.53 ± 0.01 s
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.47 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1974 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 127 |
G-Factor | 1.2253333333333 ± 0.0017777777777778
|
Half Life | 1.086 ± 0.007 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.56 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.03% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 128 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 816 ± 27 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.038% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 129 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 570 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.23% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 130 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 273 ± 5 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.93% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 131 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 261.5 ± 2.8 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1976 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 2.25% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 132 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 202.2 ± 0.2 ms
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 12.3% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 133 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 163 ± 1.6 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1996 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 90% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 134 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 136 ± 4 ms
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1996 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 65% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | 4% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 135 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 103 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2002 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 136 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 86 ± 9 ms
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 137 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 70 ± 40 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line. As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals. Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864. From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Discoverers | Ferdinand Reich, T. Richter |
---|---|
Discovery Location | Germany |
Discovery Year | 1863 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Latin: indicum (color indigo), the color it shows in a spectroscope. |
Pronunciation | IN-di-em (English) |
1 | s | 0.9903 |
2 | p | 4.102 |
2 | s | 12.8764 |
3 | d | 14.3218 |
3 | p | 17.4793 |
3 | s | 17.3692 |
4 | d | 32.0584 |
4 | p | 28.6312 |
4 | s | 27.2388 |
5 | p | 40.53 |
5 | s | 39.4885 |