Niobij

Niobij (Nb)

chemical element with symbol Nb and atomic number 41
Atomski broj41
Relativna atomska masa92.90637
Maseni broj93
Skupina5
Perioda5
Blokd
proton41 p+
neutron52 n0
elektron41 e-
Animated Bohrov model atoma of Nb (Niobij)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus
145 pm
Molni volumen
Kovalentni Radijus
147 pm
Metallic Radius
134 pm
Ionski radijus
72 pm
Crystal Radius
86 pm
Van der Waals radius
218 pm
gustoća
8,57 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Niobij0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220pmAtomski RadijusKovalentni RadijusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Kemijsko Svojstvo

energija
proton affinity
Elektronski afinitet
0,917406 eV/particle
ionization energy
6,75885 eV/particle
ionization energy of Nb (Niobij)
Toplina isparivanja
680 kJ/mol
toplina taljenja
26,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
733 kJ/mol
elektron
Elektronska ljuska2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Bohrov model atoma: Nb (Niobij)
valence electron1
Lewis structure: Nb (Niobij)
electron configuration[Kr] 4d4 5s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d4 5s1
Enhanced Bohrov model atoma of Nb (Niobij)
Orbital Diagram of Nb (Niobij)
Oksidacijski broj-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Elektronegativnost
1.6
Electrophilicity Index
1,2609233730892566 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
agregatno stanjeČvrsto
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište
5.014,15 K
Talište
2.750,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka
appearance
boja
Siva
appearancegray metallic, bluish when oxidized
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost
53,7 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje
0,0000073 1/K
molar heat capacity
Specifični toplinski kapacitet
0,265 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
6,7 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost
0,00000015 m Ω
Supravodljivost
9,25 K
Magnetizam
typeparamagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)
0,0000000276 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)
0,00000000256 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)
0,000237
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature
struktura
Kristalna strukturaKubna prostorno centrirana (BCC)
lattice constant
3,3 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Tvrdoća
6 MPa
bulk modulus
170 GPa
shear modulus
38 GPa
Youngov modul elastičnosti
105 GPa
Poissonov omjer
0,4
brzina zvuka
3.480 m/s
classification
KategorijaPrijelazni metali, Transition metals
CAS GroupVA
IUPAC GroupVB
Glawe Number53
Mendeleev Number48
Pettifor Number52
Geochemical Classhigh field strength
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
98 ± 8 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Nuklearni udarni presjek
1,15
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0004
Kvantni brojevi6D1/2
space group229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Niobium

Stabilni izotopi1
Nestabilni izotopi37
Natural Isotopes1

79Nb

Maseni broj79
neutron number38
Relativna atomska masa
78,966022 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

80Nb

Maseni broj80
neutron number39
Relativna atomska masa
79,958754 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

81Nb

Maseni broj81
neutron number40
Relativna atomska masa
80,95023 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

82Nb

Maseni broj82
neutron number41
Relativna atomska masa
81,94438 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
51 ± 5 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1992
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

83Nb

Maseni broj83
neutron number42
Relativna atomska masa
82,93815 ± 0,000174 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,9 ± 0,2 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1988
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

84Nb

Maseni broj84
neutron number43
Relativna atomska masa
83,934305711 ± 0,00000043 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
9,8 ± 0,9 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1977
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

85Nb

Maseni broj85
neutron number44
Relativna atomska masa
84,928845836 ± 0,0000044 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
20,5 ± 0,7 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1988
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

86Nb

Maseni broj86
neutron number45
Relativna atomska masa
85,925781536 ± 0,000005903 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
88 ± 1 s
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1974
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

87Nb

Maseni broj87
neutron number46
Relativna atomska masa
86,920692473 ± 0,000007302 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,7 ± 0,1 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1971
Parnost

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

88Nb

Maseni broj88
neutron number47
Relativna atomska masa
87,918226476 ± 0,000062059 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
14,5 ± 0,11 m
spin8
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1964
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

89Nb

Maseni broj89
neutron number48
Relativna atomska masa
88,913444696 ± 0,000025367 Da
g-factor
1,3813333333333 ± 0,0011111111111111
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,03 ± 0,07 h
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1954
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

90Nb

Maseni broj90
neutron number49
Relativna atomska masa
89,911259201 ± 0,000003561 Da
g-factor
0,61825 ± 0,0005
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
14,6 ± 0,05 h
spin8
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,01 ± 0,04
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1951
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

91Nb

Maseni broj91
neutron number50
Relativna atomska masa
90,906990256 ± 0,00000314 Da
g-factor
1,4473333333333 ± 0,00066666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
680 ± 130 y
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,25 ± 0,03
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1951
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%
e+ (positron emission)0.0138%

92Nb

Maseni broj92
neutron number51
Relativna atomska masa
91,90718858 ± 0,000001915 Da
g-factor
0,73285714285714 ± 0,00057142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
34,7 ± 2,4 My
spin7
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,35 ± 0,03
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1938
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

93Nb

Maseni broj93
neutron number52
Relativna atomska masa
92,90637317 ± 0,000001599 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
100
radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,32 ± 0,02
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1932
Parnost+

94Nb

Maseni broj94
neutron number53
Relativna atomska masa
93,907279001 ± 0,0000016 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
20,4 ± 0,4 ky
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1938
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

95Nb

Maseni broj95
neutron number54
Relativna atomska masa
94,90683111 ± 0,000000545 Da
g-factor
1,3646666666667 ± 0,0011111111111111
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
34,991 ± 0,006 d
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1951
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

96Nb

Maseni broj96
neutron number55
Relativna atomska masa
95,908101586 ± 0,000000157 Da
g-factor
0,82916666666667 ± 0,00066666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23,35 ± 0,05 h
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1949
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

97Nb

Maseni broj97
neutron number56
Relativna atomska masa
96,908101622 ± 0,000004556 Da
g-factor
1,3673333333333 ± 0,0011111111111111
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
72,1 ± 0,7 m
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1951
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

98Nb

Maseni broj98
neutron number57
Relativna atomska masa
97,910332645 ± 0,000005369 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,86 ± 0,06 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1960
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

99Nb

Maseni broj99
neutron number58
Relativna atomska masa
98,911609377 ± 0,000012886 Da
g-factor
1,3244444444444 ± 0,0066666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
15 ± 0,2 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,41 ± 0,14
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1950
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

100Nb

Maseni broj100
neutron number59
Relativna atomska masa
99,914340578 ± 0,000008562 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,5 ± 0,2 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1967
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

101Nb

Maseni broj101
neutron number60
Relativna atomska masa
100,915306508 ± 0,000004024 Da
g-factor
1,2744 ± 0,0008
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
7,1 ± 0,3 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,05 ± 0,07
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1970
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

102Nb

Maseni broj102
neutron number61
Relativna atomska masa
101,918090447 ± 0,000002695 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,3 ± 0,4 s
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1972
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

103Nb

Maseni broj103
neutron number62
Relativna atomska masa
102,919453416 ± 0,000004224 Da
g-factor
1,2532 ± 0,0016
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,34 ± 0,07 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,08 ± 0,09
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1971
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

104Nb

Maseni broj104
neutron number63
Relativna atomska masa
103,922907728 ± 0,000001915 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
0,98 ± 0,05 s
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1976
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.05%

105Nb

Maseni broj105
neutron number64
Relativna atomska masa
104,924942577 ± 0,000004324 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,91 ± 0,05 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1984
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1.7%

106Nb

Maseni broj106
neutron number65
Relativna atomska masa
105,928928505 ± 0,00000152 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
900 ± 20 ms
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1976
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)4.5%

107Nb

Maseni broj107
neutron number66
Relativna atomska masa
106,931589685 ± 0,000008612 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
286 ± 8 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1992
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.4%

108Nb

Maseni broj108
neutron number67
Relativna atomska masa
107,936075604 ± 0,000008844 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
201 ± 4 ms
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1994
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6.3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

109Nb

Maseni broj109
neutron number68
Relativna atomska masa
108,939141 ± 0,0004625 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
106,9 ± 4,9 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1994
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)31%

110Nb

Maseni broj110
neutron number69
Relativna atomska masa
109,943843 ± 0,0009 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
75 ± 1 ms
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1994
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)40%
2n (2-neutron emission)

111Nb

Maseni broj111
neutron number70
Relativna atomska masa
110,947439 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
54 ± 2 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1997
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

112Nb

Maseni broj112
neutron number71
Relativna atomska masa
111,952689 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
38 ± 2 ms
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1997
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

113Nb

Maseni broj113
neutron number72
Relativna atomska masa
112,956833 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
32 ± 4 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1997
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

114Nb

Maseni broj114
neutron number73
Relativna atomska masa
113,962469 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
17 ± 5 ms
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

115Nb

Maseni broj115
neutron number74
Relativna atomska masa
114,966849 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23 ± 8 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

116Nb

Maseni broj116
neutron number75
Relativna atomska masa
115,972914 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2018
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Niobium crystals and 1cm3 cube

povijest

otkrio/izumioCharles Hatchet
location of discoveryEngland
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1801
EtimologijaFrom Niobe; daughter of the mythical Greek king Tantalus.
pronunciationni-OH-bee-em (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori
natural abundance (ocean)
0,00001 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,000019 %
natural abundance (Sunce)
0,0000004 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.8577
2p4.0178
2s10.8748
3d14.753
3p16.3844
3s15.8285
4d29.7624
4p26.9156
4s25.7172
5s35.079