Neodymium (Nd)
Neodymium is the 60th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Nd and atomic number of 60. It has an atomic weight of 144.242 and a mass number of 142. Neodymium has sixty protons and eighty-two neutrons in its nucleus, and sixty electrons in six shells. It is located in group Lanthanides, period six and block f of the periodic table. Soft bright silvery metallic element, belongs to the lanthanoids. Seven natural isotopes, Nd-144 being the only radioactive one with a half-life of 10^10 to 10^15 years. Six artificial radioisotopes have been produced. The metal is used in glass works to color class a shade of violet-purple and make it dichroic. One of the more reactive rare-earth metals, quickly reacts with air. Used in some rare-earth alloys. Neodymium is used to color the glass used in welder's glasses. Neodymium is also used in very powerful, permanent magnets (Nd2Fe14B). Discovered by Carl F. Auer von Welsbach in Austria in 1885 by separating didymium into its elemental components Praseodymium and neodymium. The name comes from the Greek words 'neos didymos' which means 'new twin'. Neodymium should be considered highly toxic, however evidence would seem to show that it acts as little more than a skin and eye irritant. The dust however, presents a fire and explosion hazard.
| Atomic Number | 60 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Weight | 144.242 |
| Mass Number | 142 |
| Group | |
|---|---|
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
| Protons | 60 p+ |
|---|---|
| Neutrons | 82 n0 |
| Electrons | 60 e- |
Physical Properties
| Atomic Radius | 185 pm
|
|---|---|
| Molar Volume | 20.6 cm³/mol
|
| Covalent Radius | 174 pm
|
| Metallic Radius | |
| Ionic Radius | 129 pm
|
| Crystal Radius | 143 pm
|
| Van der Waals Radius |
239 pm
|
| Density | 7.01 g/cm³
|
Chemical Properties
| Energy | |
|---|---|
| Proton Affinity | |
| Electron Affinity | 1.916 eV/particle
|
| Ionization Energy | 5.525 eV/particle
|
| Heat of Vaporization | 289 kJ/mol
|
| Heat of Fusion | 7.1 kJ/mol
|
| Heat of Formation | 326.9 kJ/mol
|
| Electrons | |
| Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 |
 | |
| Valence Electrons | 2 ⓘ |
 | |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f4 6s2ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f4 6s2 |
  | |
| Oxidation States | 0, 2, 3, 4 |
| Electronegativity |
1.14
|
| Electrophilicity Index | 1.9177223954003881 eV/particle
|
| States of Matter | |
| Phase | Solid |
| Gas Phase | |
| Boiling Point | 3,347.15 K
|
| Melting Point | 1,289.15 K
|
| Critical Pressure | |
| Critical Temperature | |
| Triple Point | |
| Visual | |
Neodymium is a Silver. Nd has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #c7ffc7, and MOLCAS GV of #c7ffc7. The Appearance of Element 60 is silvery white. | |
| Color | Silver
|
| Appearance | silvery white |
| Refractive Index | |
| Thermodynamic Properties | |
| Thermal Conductivity | |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000096 1/K
|
| Molar Heat Capacity | 27.45 J/(mol K)
|
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.19 J/(g⋅K)
|
| Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
| Electrical Properties | |
| Type | Conductor |
| Electrical Conductivity | 1.6 MS/m
|
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.00000064 m Ω
|
| Superconducting Point | |
| Magnetism | |
| Type | paramagnetic |
| Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | 0.00000048 m³/Kg
|
| Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | 0.000000069235 m³/mol
|
| Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | 0.0033648
|
| Magnetic Ordering | |
| Curie Point | |
| Neel Point | 19.2 K
|
| Structure | |
The Crystal Structure of Neodymium is HEX. The lattice constant of Nd is 3.66 Å. The lattice angles of Element 60 are π/2, π/2, 2 π/3. | |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal (HEX) |
| Lattice Constant | 3.66 Å
|
| Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Mechanical Properties | |
Neodymium has a Brinell of 265 MPa, and Vickers of 343 MPa. The Bulk Modulus of Nd is 32 GPa. The Shear Modulus of Element 60 is 16 GPa. The Young Modulus of Neodymium (Nd) is 41 GPa. The Poisson Ratio of Neodymium is 0.28. The Speed of Sound of Nd is 2330 m/s. | |
| Hardness | |
| Bulk Modulus | 32 GPa
|
| Shear Modulus | 16 GPa
|
| Young's Modulus | 41 GPa
|
| Poisson Ratio | 0.28
|
| Speed of Sound | 2,330 m/s
|
| Classification | |
The Glawe Number of Neodymium is 29. The Mendeleev Number of Nd is 19. The Pettifor Number of Element 60 is 30. The Geochemical Class of Neodymium (Nd) is rare earth & related. The Goldschmidt Class of Neodymium is litophile. | |
| Category | Lanthanides, Lanthanides |
| CAS Group | |
| IUPAC Group | |
| Glawe Number | 29 |
| Mendeleev Number | 19 |
| Pettifor Number | 30 |
| Geochemical Class | rare earth & related |
| Goldschmidt Class | litophile |
Other
The Dipole Polarizability of Neodymium is 208 plus or minus 20 a₀. Nd has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 3560 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 60 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Neodymium (Nd) is 49. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Neodymium is 0.011. The Quantum Numbers of Nd is 5I4. The Space Group of Element 60 is 194 (P63/mmc).
| Gas Basicity | |
|---|---|
| Dipole Polarizability | |
| C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
| Allotropes | |
| Neutron Cross Section | 49
|
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.011
|
| Quantum Numbers | 5I4 |
| Space Group | 194 (P63/mmc) |
Isotopes of Neodymium
| Stable Isotopes | 2 |
|---|---|
| Unstable Isotopes | 38 |
| Natural Isotopes | 7 |
124Nd
| Mass Number | 124 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 64 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
125Nd
| Mass Number | 125 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 65 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 650 ± 150 ms
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1999 |
| Parity |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0% |
126Nd
| Mass Number | 126 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 66 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 2000 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
127Nd
| Mass Number | 127 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 67 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 1.8 ± 0.4 s
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1983 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
128Nd
| Mass Number | 128 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 68 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1985 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
129Nd
| Mass Number | 129 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 69 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 6.8 ± 0.6 s
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1977 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
130Nd
| Mass Number | 130 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 70 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 21 ± 3 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1977 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
131Nd
| Mass Number | 131 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 71 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 25.4 ± 0.9 s
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1977 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
132Nd
| Mass Number | 132 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 72 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 1.56 ± 0.1 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1977 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
133Nd
| Mass Number | 133 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 73 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 70 ± 10 s
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1977 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
134Nd
| Mass Number | 134 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 74 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 8.5 ± 1.5 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1970 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
135Nd
| Mass Number | 135 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 75 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | -0.17333333333333 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 12.4 ± 0.6 m
|
| Spin | 9/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 1.9 ± 0.5
|
| Discovery Year | 1970 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
136Nd
| Mass Number | 136 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 76 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 50.65 ± 0.33 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1968 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
137Nd
| Mass Number | 137 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 77 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | -1.264 ± 0.01
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 38.5 ± 1.5 m
|
| Spin | 1/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1970 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
138Nd
| Mass Number | 138 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 78 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 5.04 ± 0.09 h
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1965 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
139Nd
| Mass Number | 139 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 79 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0.60333333333333 ± 0.0046666666666667
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 29.7 ± 0.5 m
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0.28 ± 0.09
|
| Discovery Year | 1951 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
140Nd
| Mass Number | 140 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 80 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 3.37 ± 0.02 d
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1949 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
141Nd
| Mass Number | 141 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 81 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0.67333333333333 ± 0.006
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 2.49 ± 0.03 h
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0.32 ± 0.13
|
| Discovery Year | 1949 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
| ϵ (electron capture) | 97.28% |
| e+ (positron emission) | 2.72% |
142Nd
| Mass Number | 142 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 82 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | 27.153 ± 0.04
|
| Radioactivity | Stable |
| Half Life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1924 |
| Parity | + |
143Nd
| Mass Number | 143 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 83 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | -0.30428571428571 ± 0.0014285714285714
|
| Abundance | 12.173 ± 0.026
|
| Radioactivity | Stable |
| Half Life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
| Spin | 7/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | -0.61 ± 0.02
|
| Discovery Year | 1933 |
| Parity | - |
144Nd
| Mass Number | 144 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 84 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | 23.798 ± 0.019
|
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 2.29 ± 0.16 Py
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1924 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| α (α emission) | 100% |
145Nd
| Mass Number | 145 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 85 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | -0.18742857142857 ± 0.0011428571428571
|
| Abundance | 8.293 ± 0.012
|
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 7/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | -0.314 ± 0.012
|
| Discovery Year | 1933 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| α (α emission) |
146Nd
| Mass Number | 146 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 86 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | 17.189 ± 0.032
|
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1924 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2β− (double β− decay) | |
| α (α emission) |
147Nd
| Mass Number | 147 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 87 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0.2216 ± 0.004
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 10.98 ± 0.01 d
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0.9 ± 0.3
|
| Discovery Year | 1947 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
148Nd
| Mass Number | 148 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 88 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | 5.756 ± 0.021
|
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1937 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2β− (double β− decay) | |
| α (α emission) |
149Nd
| Mass Number | 149 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 89 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0.1404 ± 0.004
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 1.728 ± 0.001 h
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 1.3 ± 0.3
|
| Discovery Year | 1938 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
150Nd
| Mass Number | 150 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 90 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | 5.638 ± 0.028
|
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 9.3 ± 0.7 Ey
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1937 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2β− (double β− decay) | 100% |
151Nd
| Mass Number | 151 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 91 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 12.44 ± 0.07 m
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1938 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
152Nd
| Mass Number | 152 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 92 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 11.4 ± 0.2 m
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1969 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
153Nd
| Mass Number | 153 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 93 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 31.6 ± 1 s
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1987 |
| Parity |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
154Nd
| Mass Number | 154 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 94 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 25.9 ± 0.2 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1970 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
155Nd
| Mass Number | 155 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 95 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 8.9 ± 0.2 s
|
| Spin | 3/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1986 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
156Nd
| Mass Number | 156 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 96 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 5.06 ± 0.13 s
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1987 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
157Nd
| Mass Number | 157 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 97 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 1.15 ± 0.03 s
|
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 1992 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
158Nd
| Mass Number | 158 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 98 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 810 ± 30 ms
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1992 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
159Nd
| Mass Number | 159 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 99 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 500 ± 30 ms
|
| Spin | 7/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 2012 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
160Nd
| Mass Number | 160 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 100 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 439 ± 37 ms
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 1985 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
161Nd
| Mass Number | 161 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 101 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 215 ± 76 ms
|
| Spin | 1/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 2012 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
| β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
162Nd
| Mass Number | 162 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 102 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | 0
|
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | 310 ± 200 ms
|
| Spin | 0 |
| Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
| Discovery Year | 2012 |
| Parity | + |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | 100% |
163Nd
| Mass Number | 163 |
|---|---|
| Neutron Number | 103 |
| Relative Atomic Mass | |
| G-Factor | |
| Abundance | |
| Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
| Half Life | |
| Spin | 5/2 |
| Quadrupole Moment | |
| Discovery Year | 2018 |
| Parity | - |
| Decay Mode | Intensity |
|---|---|
| β− (β− decay) | |
| β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
History
Neodymium was first identified in 1885, in Vienna, by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach. It was discovered in didymium, a substance incorrectly said by Carl Gustav Mosander to be a new element in 1841. Pure neodymium metal was isolated in 1925. From the Greek word neos meaning new, and didymos, twin
| Discoverers | C.F. Aver von Welsbach |
|---|---|
| Discovery Location | Austria |
| Discovery Year | 1925 |
| Etymology (Name Origin) | Greek: neos and didymos (new twin). |
| Pronunciation | nee-eh-DIM-i-em (English) |
Neodymium is considered to be moderately toxic
Most of the world's neodymium is mined in China
Uses
Neodymium is used to make specialized goggles for glass blowers. Neodymium magnets appear in products such as microphones, professional loudspeakers, in-ear headphones, guitar and bass guitar pick-ups and computer hard disks. Glass containing neodymium can be used as a laser material to produce coherent light. Used in making artificial ruby for lasers. Also in ceramics and for a special lens with praseodymium. Also to produce bright purple glass and special glass that filters infrared radiation. Makes up 18% of Mich metal, which is used in making steel.
Sources
Nuclear Screening Constants
| 1 | s | 1.1868 |
| 2 | p | 4.2434 |
| 2 | s | 15.7838 |
| 3 | d | 13.8432 |
| 3 | p | 19.311 |
| 3 | s | 19.6572 |
| 4 | d | 33.1908 |
| 4 | f | 37.734 |
| 4 | p | 29.986 |
| 4 | s | 29.0136 |
| 5 | p | 43.039 |
| 5 | s | 41.2575 |
| 6 | s | 50.6934 |
Also Known As
- Nd
- element 60
- 60Nd
Translations
- GermanNeodym
- Russianнеодим
- Frenchnéodyme
- Italianneodimio
- Amharicኒዮዲሚየም
- Arabicنيوديميوم
- AzerbaijaniNeodim
- BelarusianНеадым
- Bulgarianнеодим
- Banglaনিওডিমিয়াম
- Bosnianneodij
- Catalanneodimi
- CorsicanNeodimiu
- Czechneodym
- ChuvashНеодим
- WelshNeodymiwm
- Danishneodym
- Greekνεοδύμιο
- Esperantoneodimo
- Spanishneodimio
- EstonianNeodüüm
- Basqueneodimio
- Persianنئودیمیم
- Finnishneodyymi
- FriulianNeodimi
- Irishneoidimiam
- GalicianNeodimio
- ManxNiodymium
- Hakka Chineseneodymium
- Hebrewנאודימיום
- Hindiनियोडाइमियम
- Fiji HindiNeodymium
- CroatianNeodimij
- Haitian CreoleNeyodim
- Hungarianneodímium
- Armenianնեոդիմ
- Interlinguaneodymium
- Indonesianneodimium
- Idoneodimio
- Japaneseネオジム
- Lojbanjinmrne,odimi
- JavaneseNeodimium
- Georgianნეოდიმიუმი
- Kannadaನಿಯೊಡೈಮಿಯಮ್
- Korean네오디뮴
- KomiНеодим
- Latinneodymium
- LuxembourgishNeodym
- LigurianNeodimio
- LithuanianNeodimis
- Latvianneodīms
- Malayalamനിയോഡൈമിയം
- Marathiनियोडायमियम
- Western MariНеодим
- MalayNeodimium
- Burmeseနီယိုဒိုင်မီယမ်
- Dutchneodymium
- Norwegian Nynorskneodym
- Polishneodym
- Western Panjabiنیوڈائمیم
- Portugueseneodímio
- QuechuaNeodimyu
- Romanianneodim
- YakutНеодимиум
- Sicilianniudimiu
- Serbo-CroatianNeodijum
- Slovakneodým
- SlovenianNeodim
- Serbianнеодијум
- Saterland FrisianNeodymium
- Swedishneodym
- Tamilநியோடைமியம்
- Thaiนีโอดิเมียม
- TurkishNeodimyum
- Uyghurنېئودىي
- Ukrainianнеодим
- UrduNeodymium
- VepsNeodim
- Vietnameseneodymi
- WarayNeodimyo
- KalmykНеодим
- YorubaNeodymium
- Chinese钕
- Norwegian Bokmålneodym
- CebuanoNeodymyo
- Central Kurdishنیۆدیمیۆم
- Macedonianнеодиум
- BretonNeodimiom
- TagalogNeodimyo
- KazakhНеодим
- Gujaratiનિયોડીમીયમ
- Belarusian (Taraskievica orthography)Нэадым
- English (Canada)Neodymium
- English (United Kingdom)neodymium
- Odiaନିଓଡ଼ାଇମିଅମ
- Portuguese (Brazil)neodímio
- Cantonese釹
- OccitanNeodimi
- PiedmonteseNeodimi
- TatarНеодим
- ErzyaНеодим
- AlbanianNeodimi
- AromanianNeodimu
- UzbekNeodim
- KyrgyzНеодим
- LimburgishNeodymium
- Malteseneodimju
- Scottish GaelicNeodimium
- Paliनियोडाइमियम
- Nepaliनियोडाइमियम
- Sanskritनियोडैमियम्
- Teluguనియోడిమియం
- cdoNeodymium
- Min Nan ChineseNeodymium
- Bhojpuriनियोडाइमियम
- AsturianNeodimiu
- Tajikнеодим
- Literary Chinese釹
- kbpNɛyɔdɩmɩ
- AfrikaansNeodimium
- Lingua Franca Novaneodimio
- oloNeodiimu
- Northern FrisianNeodüüm
- Chinese (Traditional)釹
- Chinese (Taiwan)釹
- SwahiliNeodimi
- Mongolianнеодим
- LombardNeodimio
- Wu Chinese钕
- SardinianNeodìmiu
- Moroccan Arabicنيوديم
- BashkirНеодим
- Egyptian Arabicنيوديميوم
- Pashtoنيوديموميم
- CornishNeodymiom
- BalineseNéodimium
- IcelandicNeódým
- Punjabiਨਿਓਡੀਮੀਅਮ
