Fosforus (P)

chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15

Atomic Number	15
Atomic Weight	30.973761998
Nombor jisim	31

Group	15
Period	3
Block	p

proton	15 p⁺
neutron	16 n⁰
Elektron	15 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	100 pm 223 pm
molar volume	17 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	111 pm 102 pm 94 pm 107 pm
Metallic Radius	110 pm 128 pm
ionic radius	44 pm 17 pm 29 pm 38 pm
Crystal Radius	58 pm 31 pm 43 pm 52 pm
Jejari van der Waals	195 pm 180 pm 415 pm 180 pm 222 pm 414.7 pm
ketumpatan	1.823 g/cm³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	626.8 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	0.746607 eV/particle
ionization energy	10.486686 eV/particle 19.76949 eV/particle 30.20264 eV/particle 51.44387 eV/particle 65.02511 eV/particle 220.4304 eV/particle 263.57 eV/particle 309.6 eV/particle 372.31 eV/particle 424.4 eV/particle 479.441 eV/particle 560.62 eV/particle 611.74 eV/particle 2,816.90867 eV/particle 3,069.8414 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	49.8 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	2.51 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	316.5 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 5

Elektron valens	5 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ne] 3s² 3p³ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Keelektronegatifan	13.33 eV/particle 0.206931 2.19
Electrophilicity Index	1.6194282359497416 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	553.65 K
Melting Point	317.3 K 852.35 K
critical pressure
critical temperature	994.15 K 994.15 K
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #ffa500 #ff8000 #ff8000
rupa	colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black
indeks biasan	1.001212
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity	23.824 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.769 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Kekonduksian elektrik	10 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	0.0000001 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000113 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.00000000035 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000206
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	7.17 Å
Lattice Angles	1.25384, 1.57725, 1.24896
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal	11 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VB
IUPAC Group	VA
Glawe Number	89
Mendeleev Number	94
Pettifor Number	90
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	604.8 kJ/mol
polarizability	25 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	185 a₀ 187 a₀
allotrope	White Phosphorus, Red Phosphorus, Black Phosphorus
Neutron cross section	0.18
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0002
Nombor kuantum	4S3/2
space group	2 (P-1)

Isotopes of Phosphorus

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	23
Natural Isotopes	1

²⁴P

Nombor jisim	24
nombor neutron	9
Jisim Atom Relatif	24.036522 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

²⁵P

Nombor jisim	25
nombor neutron	10
Jisim Atom Relatif	25.021675 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

²⁶P

Nombor jisim	26
nombor neutron	11
Jisim Atom Relatif	26.01178 ± 0.00021 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	43.6 ± 0.3 ms
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	35.1%
2p (2-proton emission)	1.99%

²⁷P

Nombor jisim	27
nombor neutron	12
Jisim Atom Relatif	26.999292499 ± 0.000009662 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	260 ± 80 ms
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.07%

²⁸P

Nombor jisim	28
nombor neutron	13
Jisim Atom Relatif	27.99232646 ± 0.000001231 Da
g-factor	0.104 ± 0.001
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	270.3 ± 0.5 ms
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.137 ± 0.014
tarikh penemuan	1953
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.0013%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.00086%

²⁹P

Nombor jisim	29
nombor neutron	14
Jisim Atom Relatif	28.981800368 ± 0.000000385 Da
g-factor	2.4688 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.102 ± 0.004 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1941
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁰P

Nombor jisim	30
nombor neutron	15
Jisim Atom Relatif	29.97831349 ± 0.000000069 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.5 ± 0.0017 m
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1934
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³¹P

Nombor jisim	31
nombor neutron	16
Jisim Atom Relatif	30.97376199768 ± 0.0000000008 Da
g-factor	2.26185 ± 0.00001
natural abundance	100
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1920
parity	+

³²P

Nombor jisim	32
nombor neutron	17
Jisim Atom Relatif	31.973907643 ± 0.000000042 Da
g-factor	-0.2528 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	14.269 ± 0.007 d
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1934
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³³P

Nombor jisim	33
nombor neutron	18
Jisim Atom Relatif	32.971725692 ± 0.00000117 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	25.35 ± 0.11 d
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1951
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁴P

Nombor jisim	34
nombor neutron	19
Jisim Atom Relatif	33.973645886 ± 0.00000087 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	12.43 ± 0.1 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1945
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁵P

Nombor jisim	35
nombor neutron	20
Jisim Atom Relatif	34.973314045 ± 0.000002003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	47.3 ± 0.8 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁶P

Nombor jisim	36
nombor neutron	21
Jisim Atom Relatif	35.97825961 ± 0.000014078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.6 ± 0.3 s
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

³⁷P

Nombor jisim	37
nombor neutron	22
Jisim Atom Relatif	36.979606942 ± 0.000040738 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.31 ± 0.13 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

³⁸P

Nombor jisim	38
nombor neutron	23
Jisim Atom Relatif	37.984303105 ± 0.000077918 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	640 ± 140 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	12%

³⁹P

Nombor jisim	39
nombor neutron	24
Jisim Atom Relatif	38.986285865 ± 0.000120929 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	282 ± 24 ms
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	26%

⁴⁰P

Nombor jisim	40
nombor neutron	25
Jisim Atom Relatif	39.991262221 ± 0.000089755 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	150 ± 8 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	15.8%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹P

Nombor jisim	41
nombor neutron	26
Jisim Atom Relatif	40.994654 ± 0.000129 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	101 ± 5 ms
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	30%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴²P

Nombor jisim	42
nombor neutron	27
Jisim Atom Relatif	42.00117214 ± 0.000101996 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	48.5 ± 1.5 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	50%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴³P

Nombor jisim	43
nombor neutron	28
Jisim Atom Relatif	43.005411 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	35.8 ± 1.3 ms
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	100%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁴P

Nombor jisim	44
nombor neutron	29
Jisim Atom Relatif	44.011927 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	18.5 ± 2.5 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁵P

Nombor jisim	45
nombor neutron	30
Jisim Atom Relatif	45.017134 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁶P

Nombor jisim	46
nombor neutron	31
Jisim Atom Relatif	46.02452 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁷P

Nombor jisim	47
nombor neutron	32
Jisim Atom Relatif	47.030929 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	2018
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Hennig Brand
tempat penemuan	Germany
tarikh penemuan	1669
Etimologi	Greek: phosphoros, (bringer of light).
sebutan	FOS-fer-es (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	1,050 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	0.06 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	1.1 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.11 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.0007 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4422
2	p	4.0388
2	s	5.175
3	p	10.1136
3	s	9.3582

Fosforus on ChemicalAid

Fosforus (P)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Phosphorus

24P

25P

26P

27P

28P

29P

30P

31P

32P

33P

34P

35P

36P

37P

38P

39P

40P

41P

42P

43P

44P

45P

46P

47P

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

²⁴P

²⁵P

²⁶P

²⁷P

²⁸P

²⁹P

³⁰P

³¹P

³²P

³³P

³⁴P

³⁵P

³⁶P

³⁷P

³⁸P

³⁹P

⁴⁰P

⁴¹P

⁴²P

⁴³P

⁴⁴P

⁴⁵P

⁴⁶P

⁴⁷P