Radon

Radon (Rn)

Radon is the 86th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Rn and atomic number of 86. It has an atomic weight of (222) and a mass number of 193. Radon has eighty-six protons and one hundred seven neutrons in its nucleus, and eighty-six electrons in six shells. It is located in group eighteen, period six and block p of the periodic table. Colorless radioactive gaseous element, belongs to the noble gases. Of the twenty known isotopes, the most stable is Rn-222 with a half-life of 3.8 days. Formed by the radioactive decay of Radium-226. Radon itself decays into Polonium. Used in radiotherapy. As a noble gas, it is effectively inert, though radon fluoride has been synthesized. First isolated in 1908 by Ramsey and Gray.
Atomic Number86
Atomic Weight222
Mass Number193
Group18
Period6
Blockp
Protons86 p+
Neutrons107 n0
Electrons86 e-
Animated Bohr Model of Rn (Radon)

Physical Properties

Atomic Radius
Molar Volume
Covalent Radius
Metallic Radius
Ionic Radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals Radius
Density

Chemical Properties

Energy
Proton Affinity
Electron Affinity
Ionization Energy
Ionization Energies of Rn (Radon)
Heat of Vaporization
Heat of Fusion
Heat of Formation
Electrons
Electron Shells2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8
Bohr Model: Rn (Radon)
Valence Electrons8
Lewis Structure: Rn (Radon)
Electron Configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6
Enhanced Bohr Model of Rn (Radon)
Orbital Diagram of Rn (Radon)
Oxidation States2, 6
Electronegativity
Electrophilicity Index
States of Matter
PhaseGas
Gas PhaseMonoatomic
Boiling Point
Melting Point
Critical Pressure
Critical Temperature
Triple Point
Visual

Radon is a Colorless. Rn has a CPK of #ffffff, Jmol of #428296, and MOLCAS GV of #428296. The Appearance of Element 86 is colorless gas, occasionally glows green or red in discharge tubes.

Color
Colorless
Appearancecolorless gas, occasionally glows green or red in discharge tubes
Refractive Index
Thermodynamic Properties
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Expansion
Molar Heat Capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index)5/3
Electrical Properties
Type
Electrical Conductivity
Electrical Resistivity
Superconducting Point
Magnetism
Type
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass)
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar)
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume)
Magnetic Ordering
Curie Point
Neel Point
Structure

The Crystal Structure of Radon is FCC. The lattice angles of Rn is .

Crystal Structure (FCC)
Lattice Constant
Lattice Angles
Mechanical Properties
Hardness
Bulk Modulus
Shear Modulus
Young's Modulus
Poisson Ratio
Speed of Sound
Classification

The CAS Group of Radon is VIII. The IUPAC Group of Rn is VIIIA. The Glawe Number of Element 86 is 6. The Mendeleev Number of Radon (Rn) is 117. The Pettifor Number of Radon is 6. The Geochemical Class of Rn is U/Th decay series. The Goldschmidt Class of Element 86 is synthetic.

CategoryNoble gases, Noble gases
CAS GroupVIII
IUPAC GroupVIIIA
Glawe Number6
Mendeleev Number117
Pettifor Number6
Geochemical ClassU/Th decay series
Goldschmidt Classsynthetic

Other

The Dipole Polarizability of Radon is 35 plus or minus 2 a₀. Rn has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 408 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 86 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Radon (Rn) is 0.7. The Quantum Numbers of Radon is 1S0. The Space Group of Rn is ().

Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Neutron Cross Section
0.7
Neutron Mass Absorption
Quantum Numbers1S0
Space Group ()

Isotopes of Radon

Stable Isotopes0
Unstable Isotopes39
Natural Isotopes0

193Rn

Mass Number193
Neutron Number107
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
1.15 ± 0.27 ms
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year2006
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

194Rn

Mass Number194
Neutron Number108
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
780 ± 160 us
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year2006
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

195Rn

Mass Number195
Neutron Number109
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
7 ± 3 ms
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year2001
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

196Rn

Mass Number196
Neutron Number110
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
4.7 ± 1.1 ms
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1995
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

197Rn

Mass Number197
Neutron Number111
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
54 ± 6 ms
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1995
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

198Rn

Mass Number198
Neutron Number112
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
64.4 ± 1.6 ms
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1984
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)93%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

199Rn

Mass Number199
Neutron Number113
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
590 ± 30 ms
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1980
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

200Rn

Mass Number200
Neutron Number114
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
1.09 ± 0.16 s
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1971
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)92%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

201Rn

Mass Number201
Neutron Number115
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
7 ± 0.4 s
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1967
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

202Rn

Mass Number202
Neutron Number116
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
9.7 ± 0.1 s
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1967
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)78%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

203Rn

Mass Number203
Neutron Number117
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
44.2 ± 1.6 s
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1967
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)66%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)34%

204Rn

Mass Number204
Neutron Number118
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
1.242 ± 0.023 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1967
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)72.4%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

205Rn

Mass Number205
Neutron Number119
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0.3192 ± 0.00064
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
170 ± 4 s
Spin5/2
Quadrupole Moment
0.062 ± 0.006
Discovery Year1967
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)75.4%
α (α emission)24.6%

206Rn

Mass Number206
Neutron Number120
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
5.67 ± 0.17 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1954
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)62%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)38%

207Rn

Mass Number207
Neutron Number121
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0.32496 ± 0.00064
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
9.25 ± 0.17 m
Spin5/2
Quadrupole Moment
0.22 ± 0.02
Discovery Year1954
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)79%
α (α emission)21%

208Rn

Mass Number208
Neutron Number122
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
24.35 ± 0.14 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1955
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)62%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)38%

209Rn

Mass Number209
Neutron Number123
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
28.8 ± 1 m
Spin5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1952
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)83%
α (α emission)17%

210Rn

Mass Number210
Neutron Number124
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
2.4 ± 0.1 h
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1952
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)96%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

211Rn

Mass Number211
Neutron Number125
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
1.1968 ± 0.0024
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
14.6 ± 0.2 h
Spin1/2
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1952
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)72.6%
α (α emission)27.4%

212Rn

Mass Number212
Neutron Number126
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
23.9 ± 1.2 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1950
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

213Rn

Mass Number213
Neutron Number127
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
19.5 ± 0.1 ms
Spin9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1967
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

214Rn

Mass Number214
Neutron Number128
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
259 ± 3 ns
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1970
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

215Rn

Mass Number215
Neutron Number129
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
2.3 ± 0.1 us
Spin9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1952
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

216Rn

Mass Number216
Neutron Number130
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
29 ± 4 us
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1949
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

217Rn

Mass Number217
Neutron Number131
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
593 ± 38 us
Spin9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1949
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

218Rn

Mass Number218
Neutron Number132
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
33.75 ± 0.15 ms
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1948
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

219Rn

Mass Number219
Neutron Number133
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
-0.17596 ± 0.00048
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
3.96 ± 0.01 s
Spin5/2
Quadrupole Moment
1.15 ± 0.12
Discovery Year1903
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

220Rn

Mass Number220
Neutron Number134
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
55.6 ± 0.1 s
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1900
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%
(double β decay)

221Rn

Mass Number221
Neutron Number135
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
-0.0057428571428571 ± 0.00017142857142857
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
25.7 ± 0.5 m
Spin7/2
Quadrupole Moment
-0.47 ± 0.05
Discovery Year1956
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)78%
α (α emission)22%

222Rn

Mass Number222
Neutron Number136
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
3.8215 ± 0.0002 d
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1899
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
α (α emission)100%

223Rn

Mass Number223
Neutron Number137
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
-0.22057142857143 ± 0.0022857142857143
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
24.3 ± 0.4 m
Spin7/2
Quadrupole Moment
0.8 ± 0.08
Discovery Year1964
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%
α (α emission)

224Rn

Mass Number224
Neutron Number138
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
107 ± 3 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1964
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

225Rn

Mass Number225
Neutron Number139
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
-0.198 ± 0.0022857142857143
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
4.66 ± 0.04 m
Spin7/2
Quadrupole Moment
0.84 ± 0.08
Discovery Year1969
Parity-

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

226Rn

Mass Number226
Neutron Number140
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
7.4 ± 0.1 m
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1969
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

227Rn

Mass Number227
Neutron Number141
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
20.2 ± 0.4 s
Spin3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year1986
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

228Rn

Mass Number228
Neutron Number142
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
65 ± 2 s
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year1989
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

229Rn

Mass Number229
Neutron Number143
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
11.9 ± 1.3 s
Spin5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year2009
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)100%

230Rn

Mass Number230
Neutron Number144
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
0
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin0
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year2010
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)

231Rn

Mass Number231
Neutron Number145
Relative Atomic Mass
G-Factor
Abundance
Radioactivity☢️ Radioactive
Half Life
Spin1/2
Quadrupole Moment
0
Discovery Year2010
Parity+

Decay ModeIntensity
β (β decay)
Radon water apparatus P1120815.JPG
Radon spectrum visible

History

Radon was discovered in 1900 by Friedrich Ernst Dorn in Halle, Germany. He reported some experiments in which he noticed that radium compounds emanate a radioactive gas. In 1910, Sir William Ramsay and Robert Whytlaw-Gray isolated radon, determined its density, and determined that it was the heaviest known gas. The name was derived from radium; called niton at first, from the Latin word nitens meaning shining

DiscoverersFredrich Ernst Dorn
Discovery LocationGermany
Discovery Year1898
Etymology (Name Origin)Variation of the name of another element, radium.
PronunciationRAY-don (English)
Radon is highly radioactive and a carcinogen
Upon condensation, radon glows because of the intense radiation it produces

Uses

Radon is used in hydrologic research that studies the interaction between ground water and streams. Radon has been produced commercially for use in radiation therapy. Radon has been used in implantable seeds, made of gold or glass, primarily used to treat cancers. Used to treat some forms of cancer.

Sources

Formed from the decay of radium in the earths crust.

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
Natural Abundance (Oceans)
Natural Abundance (Human Body)
Natural Abundance (Meteor)
Natural Abundance (Sun)
Abundance in Universe
0 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.6659
2p4.562
2s22.5864
3d13.4027
3p23.7194
3s24.9149
4d38.0572
4f37.6688
4p36.6988
4s35.85
5d58.647
5p54.029
5s52.107
6p69.9242
6s67.676

Also Known As

  • Rn
  • element 86
  • 86Rn

Translations

  • Frenchradon
  • Norwegian Bokmålradon
  • GermanRadon
  • Italianradon
  • Spanishradón
  • Norwegian Nynorskradon
  • Hungarianradon
  • Dutchradon
  • Afrikaansradon
  • Amharicራዶን
  • Aragoneseradón
  • Arabicرادون
  • Azerbaijaniradon
  • Belarusianрадон
  • Bulgarianрадон
  • Banglaরেডন
  • Bretonradon
  • Bosnianradon
  • Catalanradó
  • Corsicanradone
  • Czechradon
  • Chuvashрадон
  • Welshradon
  • Danishradon
  • Greekραδόνιο
  • Esperantoradono
  • Estonianradoon
  • Basqueradon
  • Persianرادون
  • Finnishradon
  • Friulianradon
  • Irishradón
  • Galicianradon
  • Manxraadon
  • Hakka Chineseradon
  • Hebrewרדון
  • Hindiरेडॉन
  • Fiji Hindiradon
  • Croatianradon
  • Haitian Creoleradon
  • Armenianռադոն
  • Interlinguaradon
  • Indonesianradon
  • Idoradono
  • Icelandicradon
  • Japaneseラドン
  • Lojbandircynavni
  • Javaneseradon
  • Kazakhрадон
  • Kannadaರೇಡಾನ್
  • Korean라돈
  • Komiрадон
  • Latinradon
  • LuxembourgishRadon
  • Ligurianradon
  • Lithuanianradonas
  • Latvianradons
  • Macedonianрадон
  • Malayalamറഡോൺ
  • Marathiरेडॉन
  • Western Mariрадон
  • Malayradon
  • Low GermanRadon
  • Occitanradon
  • Polishradon
  • Piedmonteseràdon
  • Western Panjabiریڈون
  • Portugueserádon
  • Quechuaradun
  • Romanianradon
  • Russianрадон
  • Sicilianradon
  • Serbo-Croatianradon
  • Slovakradón
  • Slovenianradon
  • Albanianradoni
  • Serbianрадон
  • Saterland FrisianRadon
  • Swedishradon
  • Swahiliradoni
  • Tamilரேடான்
  • Thaiเรดอน
  • Tagalogradon
  • Turkishradon
  • Uyghurرادون
  • Ukrainianрадон
  • Urduریڈون
  • Vepsradon
  • Vietnameseradon
  • Warayradon
  • Kalmykрадон
  • Yiddishראדאן
  • Yorubaradon
  • Chinese
  • Georgianრადონი
  • Cebuanoradon
  • Central Kurdishڕادۆن
  • Odiaର‍୍ୟାଡ଼ନ
  • Gujaratiરેડૉન
  • Punjabiਰੇਡਾਨ
  • Tatarрадон
  • Scotsradon
  • Somaliraadhoon
  • Erzyaрадон
  • Literary Chinese
  • Cantonese
  • Belarusian (Taraskievica orthography)радон
  • Uzbekradon
  • Chinese (China)
  • Chinese (Simplified)
  • Chinese (Traditional)
  • Chinese (Hong Kong SAR China)
  • Chinese (Taiwan)
  • AromanianRadon
  • Kyrgyzрадон
  • LimburgishRadon
  • Faroeseradon
  • Teluguరేడాన్
  • Malteseradon
  • Lombardradon
  • Scottish Gaelicradon
  • Portuguese (Brazil)radônio
  • Gan Chinese
  • cdoradon
  • Min Nan ChineseRadon
  • Asturianradón
  • Bhojpuriरेडान
  • Tibetanདབ་རླུང་།
  • Chinese (Macao SAR China)
  • Chinese (Malaysia)
  • Chinese (Singapore)
  • kbpradɔŋ
  • Mongolianрадон
  • Lingua Franca Novaradon
  • Northern Frisianradoon
  • oloradon
  • Wu Chinese
  • Newariरेडन
  • Nepaliरेडन
  • Sanskritरेडन
  • Paliरेडन
  • TajikРадон
  • German (Switzerland)Radon
  • English (Canada)Radon
  • English (United Kingdom)radon
  • SardinianRadon
  • Burmeseရေဒွန်
  • BashkirРадон
  • Moroccan Arabicرادون
  • MinangkabauRadon
  • Northern SamiRadon
  • Egyptian Arabicرادون
  • Pashtoراډون
  • BikolRadon
  • Manipuriꯔꯦꯗꯣꯟ
  • CornishRadon
  • BalineseRadon
  • WalloonRadon
  • ZuluUmLahwe