Sulfur, ²Belerang (S)

chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16

Atomic Number	16
Atomic Weight	32.06
Nombor jisim	32

Group	16
Period	3
Block	p

proton	16 p⁺
neutron	16 n⁰
Elektron	16 e^-

Animated Model Bohr of S (Sulfur, ²Belerang)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	100 pm 214 pm
molar volume	15.5 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	103 pm 94 pm 95 pm 102 pm 105 pm
Metallic Radius	104 pm 127 pm
ionic radius	184 pm 37 pm 12 pm 29 pm
Crystal Radius	170 pm 51 pm 26 pm 43 pm
Jejari van der Waals	180 pm 180 pm 403 pm 180 pm 215 pm 181 pm 403.5 pm
ketumpatan	2.07 g/cm³ 1,819 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	664.3 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	2.07710403 eV/particle
ionization energy	10.36001 eV/particle 23.33788 eV/particle 34.856 eV/particle 47.222 eV/particle 72.59449 eV/particle 88.05292 eV/particle 280.954 eV/particle 328.79 eV/particle 379.84 eV/particle 447.74 eV/particle 504.55 eV/particle 564.407 eV/particle 651.96 eV/particle 706.994 eV/particle 3,223.78059 eV/particle 3,494.1877 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	10.5 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	1.23 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	277.17 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 6

Elektron valens	6 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Keelektronegatifan	15.31 eV/particle 0.23596 2.58
Electrophilicity Index	2.3343529124239053 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	717.76 K 717.76 K
Melting Point	368.35 K 388.36 K
critical pressure	20.7 MPa
critical temperature	1,314.15 K 1,314.15 K
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #ffc832 #ffff30 #fff529
rupa	lemon yellow sintered microcrystals
indeks biasan	1.001111
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	0.27 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity	22.7 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.708 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Insulator
Kekonduksian elektrik	0.000000000000000000001 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	1,000,000,000,000,000 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000062 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000199 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000122
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	10.47 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	2 MPa
Modulus pukal	7.7 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VIB
IUPAC Group	VIA
Glawe Number	96
Mendeleev Number	100
Pettifor Number	94
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	chalcophile

other

Gas Basicity	640.2 kJ/mol
polarizability	19.4 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	134 a₀ 140 a₀
allotrope	Rhombic Sulphur, Monoclinic Sulphur, Amorphous Sulphur
Neutron cross section	0.52
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.00055
Nombor kuantum	3P2
space group	70 (Fddd)

Isotopes of Sulfur

Stable Isotopes	4
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	4

²⁶S

Nombor jisim	26
nombor neutron	10
Jisim Atom Relatif	26.029716 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2p (2-proton emission)

²⁷S

Nombor jisim	27
nombor neutron	11
Jisim Atom Relatif	27.018777 ± 0.00043 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	16.3 ± 0.2 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1986
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	61%
2p (2-proton emission)	3%

²⁸S

Nombor jisim	28
nombor neutron	12
Jisim Atom Relatif	28.004372762 ± 0.000171767 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	125 ± 10 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1982
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.7%

²⁹S

Nombor jisim	29
nombor neutron	13
Jisim Atom Relatif	28.996678 ± 0.000014 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	188 ± 4 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1964
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	46.4%

³⁰S

Nombor jisim	30
nombor neutron	14
Jisim Atom Relatif	29.98490677 ± 0.000000221 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.1798 ± 0.0003 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1961
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³¹S

Nombor jisim	31
nombor neutron	15
Jisim Atom Relatif	30.979557002 ± 0.000000246 Da
g-factor	0.97586 ± 0.00016
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.5534 ± 0.0018 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1940
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³²S

Nombor jisim	32
nombor neutron	16
Jisim Atom Relatif	31.97207117354 ± 0.00000000141 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	94.85 ± 2.55
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1920
parity	+

³³S

Nombor jisim	33
nombor neutron	17
Jisim Atom Relatif	32.97145890862 ± 0.00000000144 Da
g-factor	0.42883333333333 ± 0.000013333333333333
natural abundance	0.763 ± 0.02
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.694 ± 0.004
tarikh penemuan	1926
parity	+

³⁴S

Nombor jisim	34
nombor neutron	18
Jisim Atom Relatif	33.967867011 ± 0.000000047 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	4.365 ± 0.235
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1926
parity	+

³⁵S

Nombor jisim	35
nombor neutron	19
Jisim Atom Relatif	34.969032321 ± 0.000000043 Da
g-factor	0.66666666666667 ± 0.026666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	87.37 ± 0.04 d
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.483 ± 0.003
tarikh penemuan	1936
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁶S

Nombor jisim	36
nombor neutron	20
Jisim Atom Relatif	35.967080692 ± 0.000000201 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.0158 ± 0.0017
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1938
parity	+

³⁷S

Nombor jisim	37
nombor neutron	21
Jisim Atom Relatif	36.9711255 ± 0.000000212 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.05 ± 0.02 m
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1945
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁸S

Nombor jisim	38
nombor neutron	22
Jisim Atom Relatif	37.9711633 ± 0.000007699 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	170.3 ± 0.7 m
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1958
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁹S

Nombor jisim	39
nombor neutron	23
Jisim Atom Relatif	38.97513385 ± 0.000053677 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	11.5 ± 0.5 s
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁰S

Nombor jisim	40
nombor neutron	24
Jisim Atom Relatif	39.975482561 ± 0.000004274 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	8.8 ± 2.2 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴¹S

Nombor jisim	41
nombor neutron	25
Jisim Atom Relatif	40.979593451 ± 0.0000044 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.99 ± 0.05 s
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁴²S

Nombor jisim	42
nombor neutron	26
Jisim Atom Relatif	41.9810651 ± 0.000003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.016 ± 0.015 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1%

⁴³S

Nombor jisim	43
nombor neutron	27
Jisim Atom Relatif	42.986907635 ± 0.000005335 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	265 ± 13 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	40%

⁴⁴S

Nombor jisim	44
nombor neutron	28
Jisim Atom Relatif	43.990118846 ± 0.0000056 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	100 ± 1 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	18%

⁴⁵S

Nombor jisim	45
nombor neutron	29
Jisim Atom Relatif	44.996414 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	68 ± 2 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	54%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁶S

Nombor jisim	46
nombor neutron	30
Jisim Atom Relatif	46.000687 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	50 ± 8 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁷S

Nombor jisim	47
nombor neutron	31
Jisim Atom Relatif	47.00773 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁸S

Nombor jisim	48
nombor neutron	32
Jisim Atom Relatif	48.013301 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁹S

Nombor jisim	49
nombor neutron	33
Jisim Atom Relatif	49.021891 ± 0.000626 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	2018
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Known to the ancients.
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
Etimologi	Latin: sulphur (brimstone).
sebutan	SUL-fer (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	350 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	905 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.2 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	4 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.04 %
Abundance in Universe	0.05 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4591
2	p	4.023
2	s	5.3712
3	p	10.5181
3	s	9.6331

Sulfur, ²Belerang on ChemicalAid

Sulfur, ²Belerang (S)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Sulfur

26S

27S

28S

29S

30S

31S

32S

33S

34S

35S

36S

37S

38S

39S

40S

41S

42S

43S

44S

45S

46S

47S

48S

49S

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

²⁶S

²⁷S

²⁸S

²⁹S

³⁰S

³¹S

³²S

³³S

³⁴S

³⁵S

³⁶S

³⁷S

³⁸S

³⁹S

⁴⁰S

⁴¹S

⁴²S

⁴³S

⁴⁴S

⁴⁵S

⁴⁶S

⁴⁷S

⁴⁸S

⁴⁹S