Sulfuri, ²Kibiriti (S)

chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16

Atomic Number	16
Atomic Weight	32.06
mass number	32

Group	16
Period	3
Block	p

protoni	16 p⁺
nyutroni	16 n⁰
elektroni	16 e^-

Animated Bohr model of S (Sulfuri, ²Kibiriti)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	100 pm 214 pm
molar volume	15.5 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	103 pm 94 pm 95 pm 102 pm 105 pm
Metallic Radius	104 pm 127 pm
ionic radius	184 pm 37 pm 12 pm 29 pm
Crystal Radius	170 pm 51 pm 26 pm 43 pm
Van der Waals radius	180 pm 180 pm 403 pm 180 pm 215 pm 181 pm 403.5 pm
msongamano	2.07 g/cm³ 1,819 kg/m³

Chemical Property

nishati

proton affinity	664.3 kJ/mol
electron affinity	2.07710403 eV/particle
ionization energy	10.36001 eV/particle 23.33788 eV/particle 34.856 eV/particle 47.222 eV/particle 72.59449 eV/particle 88.05292 eV/particle 280.954 eV/particle 328.79 eV/particle 379.84 eV/particle 447.74 eV/particle 504.55 eV/particle 564.407 eV/particle 651.96 eV/particle 706.994 eV/particle 3,223.78059 eV/particle 3,494.1877 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	10.5 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	1.23 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	277.17 kJ/mol
elektroni

Mzingo elektroni	2, 8, 6

valence electron	6 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴

oxidation number	-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
electronegativity	15.31 eV/particle 0.23596 2.58
Electrophilicity Index	2.3343529124239053 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	717.76 K 717.76 K
Melting Point	368.35 K 388.36 K
critical pressure	20.7 MPa
critical temperature	1,314.15 K 1,314.15 K
Kiwango utatu
appearance
Rangi	Yellow #ffc832 #ffff30 #fff529
appearance	lemon yellow sintered microcrystals
refractive index	1.001111
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	0.27 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity	22.7 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.708 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Insulator
electrical conductivity	0.000000000000000000001 MS/m
electrical resistivity	1,000,000,000,000,000 m Ω
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000062 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000199 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000122
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Orthorhombic (ORC)
lattice constant	10.47 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	2 MPa
bulk modulus	7.7 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
classification
Category	Other nonmetals, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VIB
IUPAC Group	VIA
Glawe Number	96
Mendeleev Number	100
Pettifor Number	94
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	chalcophile

other

Gas Basicity	640.2 kJ/mol
polarizability	19.4 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	134 a₀ 140 a₀
allotrope	Rhombic Sulphur, Monoclinic Sulphur, Amorphous Sulphur
Neutron cross section	0.52
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.00055
quantum number	3P2
space group	70 (Fddd)

Isotopes of Sulfur

Stable Isotopes	4
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	4

²⁶S

mass number	26
neutron number	10
relative atomic mass	26.029716 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)

²⁷S

mass number	27
neutron number	11
relative atomic mass	27.018777 ± 0.00043 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	16.3 ± 0.2 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1986
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	61%
2p (2-proton emission)	3%

²⁸S

mass number	28
neutron number	12
relative atomic mass	28.004372762 ± 0.000171767 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	125 ± 10 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1982
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.7%

²⁹S

mass number	29
neutron number	13
relative atomic mass	28.996678 ± 0.000014 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	188 ± 4 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1964
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	46.4%

³⁰S

mass number	30
neutron number	14
relative atomic mass	29.98490677 ± 0.000000221 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	1.1798 ± 0.0003 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1961
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³¹S

mass number	31
neutron number	15
relative atomic mass	30.979557002 ± 0.000000246 Da
g-factor	0.97586 ± 0.00016
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	2.5534 ± 0.0018 s
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1940
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³²S

mass number	32
neutron number	16
relative atomic mass	31.97207117354 ± 0.00000000141 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	94.85 ± 2.55
Unururifu	stable isotope
Nusumaisha	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1920
parity	+

³³S

mass number	33
neutron number	17
relative atomic mass	32.97145890862 ± 0.00000000144 Da
g-factor	0.42883333333333 ± 0.000013333333333333
natural abundance	0.763 ± 0.02
Unururifu	stable isotope
Nusumaisha	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.694 ± 0.004
Uvumbuzi	1926
parity	+

³⁴S

mass number	34
neutron number	18
relative atomic mass	33.967867011 ± 0.000000047 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	4.365 ± 0.235
Unururifu	stable isotope
Nusumaisha	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1926
parity	+

³⁵S

mass number	35
neutron number	19
relative atomic mass	34.969032321 ± 0.000000043 Da
g-factor	0.66666666666667 ± 0.026666666666667
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	87.37 ± 0.04 d
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.483 ± 0.003
Uvumbuzi	1936
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁶S

mass number	36
neutron number	20
relative atomic mass	35.967080692 ± 0.000000201 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.0158 ± 0.0017
Unururifu	stable isotope
Nusumaisha	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1938
parity	+

³⁷S

mass number	37
neutron number	21
relative atomic mass	36.9711255 ± 0.000000212 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	5.05 ± 0.02 m
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1945
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁸S

mass number	38
neutron number	22
relative atomic mass	37.9711633 ± 0.000007699 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	170.3 ± 0.7 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1958
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁹S

mass number	39
neutron number	23
relative atomic mass	38.97513385 ± 0.000053677 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	11.5 ± 0.5 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1971
parity

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁰S

mass number	40
neutron number	24
relative atomic mass	39.975482561 ± 0.000004274 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	8.8 ± 2.2 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1971
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴¹S

mass number	41
neutron number	25
relative atomic mass	40.979593451 ± 0.0000044 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	1.99 ± 0.05 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1979
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁴²S

mass number	42
neutron number	26
relative atomic mass	41.9810651 ± 0.000003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	1.016 ± 0.015 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1979
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1%

⁴³S

mass number	43
neutron number	27
relative atomic mass	42.986907635 ± 0.000005335 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	265 ± 13 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1979
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	40%

⁴⁴S

mass number	44
neutron number	28
relative atomic mass	43.990118846 ± 0.0000056 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	100 ± 1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1979
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	18%

⁴⁵S

mass number	45
neutron number	29
relative atomic mass	44.996414 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	68 ± 2 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1989
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	54%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁶S

mass number	46
neutron number	30
relative atomic mass	46.000687 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha	50 ± 8 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1989
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁷S

mass number	47
neutron number	31
relative atomic mass	47.00773 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi	1989
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁸S

mass number	48
neutron number	32
relative atomic mass	48.013301 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	1990
parity	+

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁹S

mass number	49
neutron number	33
relative atomic mass	49.021891 ± 0.000626 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu	☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
Uvumbuzi	2018
parity	-

hali ya kuoza	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuzi	Known to the ancients.
location of discovery
Uvumbuzi
Etimolojia	Latin: sulphur (brimstone).
pronunciation	SUL-fer (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	350 mg/kg
natural abundance (Bahari)	905 mg/L
natural abundance (Mwili)	0.2 %
natural abundance (Kimondo)	4 %
natural abundance (Jua)	0.04 %
Abundance in Universe	0.05 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4591
2	p	4.023
2	s	5.3712
3	p	10.5181
3	s	9.6331

Sulfuri, ²Kibiriti on ChemicalAid

Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3579
BNCF Thesaurus ID	16105
Biblioteca Nacional de España ID	XX534797
Bibliothèque nationale de France ID	11947003d
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	schwefel
CAS Registry Number	7704-34-9
Canadian Encyclopedia article ID	sulphur
ChEBI ID	33403
CosIng number	75467
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID7014941
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID9034941
Den Store Danske ID	svovl
Dizionario di Medicina ID	zolfo
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.839
Encyclopedia of China ID (Second Edition)	218057
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/sulfur
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	soufre
EuroVoc ID	4218
Freebase ID	/m/025sf9q
French Vikidia ID	Soufre
GND	4180380-2
Golden ID	Sulfur-R9VY8
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID	0143151
Great Aragonese Encyclopedia ID	1720
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	3657023
HSDB ID	5166
ICSC ID	1166
InChI	InChI=1S/S
InChIKey	NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Italian Vikidia ID	Zolfo
KBpedia ID	Sulfur
KEGG ID	C00087
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/SERA.html
LEM ID	LEM201001202
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	126673
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85130365
MeSH descriptor ID	D013455
Mindat mineral ID	36807
NALT ID	55168
NDL Authority ID	00564201
NE.se ID	sulfur
NE.se ID	svavel
NKCR AUT ID	ph116380
NSC number	403664
Namuwiki ID	황(원소)
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007548506005171
National Library of Latvia ID	000182402
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	3668
OpenAlex ID	C518881349
PSH ID	5807
Probes And Drugs ID	PD071852
PubChem CID	5362487
Quora topic ID	Sulphur
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	14627-0
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1013784
Spanish Vikidia ID	Azufre
Store medisinske leksikon ID	svovel
Store medisinske leksikon ID	svovel_-_medisin
Store norske leksikon ID	svovel
Treccani ID	zolfo
U.S. National Archives Identifier	10645875
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	13113
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept3497
USGS Thesaurus ID	1582
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Sulfur"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14680398-n
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14809484-n
YSO ID	12305
ZVG number	8130

Sulfuri, ²Kibiriti (S)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Sulfur

26S

27S

28S

29S

30S

31S

32S

33S

34S

35S

36S

37S

38S

39S

40S

41S

42S

43S

44S

45S

46S

47S

48S

49S

historia

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

²⁶S

²⁷S

²⁸S

²⁹S

³⁰S

³¹S

³²S

³³S

³⁴S

³⁵S

³⁶S

³⁷S

³⁸S

³⁹S

⁴⁰S

⁴¹S

⁴²S

⁴³S

⁴⁴S

⁴⁵S

⁴⁶S

⁴⁷S

⁴⁸S

⁴⁹S