Talij

Talij (Tl)

chemical element with symbol Tl and atomic number 81
Atomski broj81
Relativna atomska masa204.38
Maseni broj205
Skupina13
Perioda6
Blokp
proton81 p+
neutron124 n0
elektron81 e-
Animated Bohrov model atoma of Tl (Talij)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus
190 pm
Molni volumen
Kovalentni Radijus
144 pm
Metallic Radius
144 pm
Ionski radijus
150 pm
Crystal Radius
164 pm
Van der Waals radius
196 pm
gustoća
11,8 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Talij020406080100120140160180200pmAtomski RadijusKovalentni RadijusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Kemijsko Svojstvo

energija
proton affinity
Elektronski afinitet
ionization energy
6,108287 eV/particle
ionization energy of Tl (Talij)
Toplina isparivanja
162,4 kJ/mol
toplina taljenja
4,31 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
182,2 kJ/mol
elektron
Elektronska ljuska2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
Bohrov model atoma: Tl (Talij)
valence electron3
Lewis structure: Tl (Talij)
electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Enhanced Bohrov model atoma of Tl (Talij)
Orbital Diagram of Tl (Talij)
Oksidacijski broj-5, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3
Elektronegativnost
1.8
Electrophilicity Index
0,9173102715055317 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
agregatno stanjeČvrsto
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište
1.746,15 K
Talište
577,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka
appearance
boja
Srebrna
appearancesilvery white
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost
46,1 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje
0,0000299 1/K
molar heat capacity
26,32 J/(mol K)
Specifični toplinski kapacitet
0,129 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
6,7 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost
0,00000015 m Ω
Supravodljivost
2,38 K
Magnetizam
typediamagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)
−0,000000003 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)
−0,000000000613 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)
−0,0000356
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature
struktura
Kristalna strukturaJednostavna heksagonska (HEX)
lattice constant
3,46 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Tvrdoća
1,2 MPa
bulk modulus
43 GPa
shear modulus
2,8 GPa
Youngov modul elastičnosti
8 GPa
Poissonov omjer
0,45
brzina zvuka
818 m/s
classification
KategorijaSlabi metali, Poor metals
CAS GroupIIIB
IUPAC GroupIIIA
Glawe Number81
Mendeleev Number85
Pettifor Number78
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
50 ± 2 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Nuklearni udarni presjek
3,4
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,00059
Kvantni brojevi2P1/2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Thallium

Stabilni izotopi2
Nestabilni izotopi41
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition20570.49%20570.49%20329.52%20329.52%

176Tl

Maseni broj176
neutron number95
Relativna atomska masa
176,000627731 ± 0,000089166 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
6,2 ± 2,3 ms
spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2004
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)100%
α (α emission)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

177Tl

Maseni broj177
neutron number96
Relativna atomska masa
176,996414252 ± 0,000023218 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
18 ± 5 ms
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1999
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)73%
p (proton emission)

178Tl

Maseni broj178
neutron number97
Relativna atomska masa
177,995047 ± 0,00011 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
255 ± 9 ms
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1997
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)62%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)38%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.15%

179Tl

Maseni broj179
neutron number98
Relativna atomska masa
178,991122185 ± 0,000041495 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
437 ± 9 ms
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1983
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)60%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

180Tl

Maseni broj180
neutron number99
Relativna atomska masa
179,98991895 ± 0,000075058 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,09 ± 0,01 s
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1987
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)93%
α (α emission)7%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)0.0032%

181Tl

Maseni broj181
neutron number100
Relativna atomska masa
180,986259978 ± 0,000009771 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,9 ± 0,1 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1996
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
α (α emission)8.6%

182Tl

Maseni broj182
neutron number101
Relativna atomska masa
181,985692649 ± 0,000012856 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,9 ± 0,1 s
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1991
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.49%
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission)3.4%

183Tl

Maseni broj183
neutron number102
Relativna atomska masa
182,982192843 ± 0,000010017 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
6,9 ± 0,7 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1980
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
α (α emission)

184Tl

Maseni broj184
neutron number103
Relativna atomska masa
183,981874973 ± 0,000010747 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
9,5 ± 0,2 s
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1976
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)98.78%
α (α emission)1.22%

185Tl

Maseni broj185
neutron number104
Relativna atomska masa
184,978789189 ± 0,000022194 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
19,5 ± 0,5 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1976
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

186Tl

Maseni broj186
neutron number105
Relativna atomska masa
185,978654787 ± 0,000022276 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,5 ± 0,5 s
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1975
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
α (α emission)

187Tl

Maseni broj187
neutron number106
Relativna atomska masa
186,97590474 ± 0,00000864 Da
g-factor
3,08 ± 0,12
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1976
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

188Tl

Maseni broj188
neutron number107
Relativna atomska masa
187,976020886 ± 0,000032103 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
71 ± 2 s
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1970
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

189Tl

Maseni broj189
neutron number108
Relativna atomska masa
188,973573525 ± 0,000008983 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,3 ± 0,2 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1972
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

190Tl

Maseni broj190
neutron number109
Relativna atomska masa
189,973841771 ± 0,000007784 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,6 ± 0,3 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1970
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

191Tl

Maseni broj191
neutron number110
Relativna atomska masa
190,971784093 ± 0,000007889 Da
g-factor
3,164 ± 0,008
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1974
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

192Tl

Maseni broj192
neutron number111
Relativna atomska masa
191,972225 ± 0,000034 Da
g-factor
0,0995 ± 0,0015
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
9,6 ± 0,4 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1961
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

193Tl

Maseni broj193
neutron number112
Relativna atomska masa
192,970501994 ± 0,0000072 Da
g-factor
3,17 ± 0,006
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
21,6 ± 0,8 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1960
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

194Tl

Maseni broj194
neutron number113
Relativna atomska masa
193,971081408 ± 0,000015 Da
g-factor
0,0695 ± 0,0015
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
33 ± 0,5 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,282 ± 0,007
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1960
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

195Tl

Maseni broj195
neutron number114
Relativna atomska masa
194,969774052 ± 0,000011944 Da
g-factor
3,14 ± 0,08
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,16 ± 0,05 h
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1955
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

196Tl

Maseni broj196
neutron number115
Relativna atomska masa
195,970481189 ± 0,000013 Da
g-factor
0,036 ± 0,0015
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,84 ± 0,03 h
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,178 ± 0,014
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1955
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

197Tl

Maseni broj197
neutron number116
Relativna atomska masa
196,969560492 ± 0,000014573 Da
g-factor
3,14 ± 0,04
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,84 ± 0,04 h
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1955
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

198Tl

Maseni broj198
neutron number117
Relativna atomska masa
197,970446669 ± 0,0000081 Da
g-factor
0 ± 0,005
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
5,3 ± 0,5 h
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1949
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

199Tl

Maseni broj199
neutron number118
Relativna atomska masa
198,969877 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
3,18 ± 0,04
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
7,42 ± 0,08 h
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1949
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

200Tl

Maseni broj200
neutron number119
Relativna atomska masa
199,970963608 ± 0,000006182 Da
g-factor
0,02 ± 0,005
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
26,1 ± 0,1 h
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1949
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

201Tl

Maseni broj201
neutron number120
Relativna atomska masa
200,970820235 ± 0,000015228 Da
g-factor
3,198 ± 0,006
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,0421 ± 0,0008 d
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1950
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

202Tl

Maseni broj202
neutron number121
Relativna atomska masa
201,972108874 ± 0,000001972 Da
g-factor
0,03 ± 0,005
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
12,31 ± 0,08 d
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1940
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

203Tl

Maseni broj203
neutron number122
Relativna atomska masa
202,972344098 ± 0,000001257 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
29,515 ± 0,044
radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1931
Parnost+

204Tl

Maseni broj204
neutron number123
Relativna atomska masa
203,97386342 ± 0,000001238 Da
g-factor
0,045 ± 0,005
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,783 ± 0,012 y
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1953
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)97.08%
EC+B+2.92%

205Tl

Maseni broj205
neutron number124
Relativna atomska masa
204,974427318 ± 0,00000133 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
70,485 ± 0,044
radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1931
Parnost+

206Tl

Maseni broj206
neutron number125
Relativna atomska masa
205,976110108 ± 0,00000138 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,202 ± 0,011 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1935
Parnost-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

207Tl

Maseni broj207
neutron number126
Relativna atomska masa
206,977418605 ± 0,000005839 Da
g-factor
3,738 ± 0,01
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,77 ± 0,02 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1908
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

208Tl

Maseni broj208
neutron number127
Relativna atomska masa
207,982018006 ± 0,000001989 Da
g-factor
0,0582 ± 0,0026
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,053 ± 0,004 m
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1909
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

209Tl

Maseni broj209
neutron number128
Relativna atomska masa
208,985351713 ± 0,000006559 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,162 ± 0,007 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1950
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

210Tl

Maseni broj210
neutron number129
Relativna atomska masa
209,990072942 ± 0,000012456 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,3 ± 0,03 m
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1909
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.009%

211Tl

Maseni broj211
neutron number130
Relativna atomska masa
210,993475 ± 0,000045 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
81 ± 16 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1998
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.2%

212Tl

Maseni broj212
neutron number131
Relativna atomska masa
211,998335 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
31 ± 8 s
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1998
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1.8%

213Tl

Maseni broj213
neutron number132
Relativna atomska masa
213,001915 ± 0,000029 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23,8 ± 4,4 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.6%

214Tl

Maseni broj214
neutron number133
Relativna atomska masa
214,00694 ± 0,00021 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
11 ± 2,4 s
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)34%

215Tl

Maseni broj215
neutron number134
Relativna atomska masa
215,010768 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
9,7 ± 3,8 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)4.6%

216Tl

Maseni broj216
neutron number135
Relativna atomska masa
216,015964 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
5,9 ± 3,3 s
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)11.5%

217Tl

Maseni broj217
neutron number136
Relativna atomska masa
217,020032 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma2010
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

218Tl

Maseni broj218
neutron number137
Relativna atomska masa
218,025454 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Thallium pieces in ampoule
Thallium-croprotated

povijest

otkrio/izumioSir William Crookes
location of discoveryEngland
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma1861
EtimologijaGreek: thallos (green twig), for a bright green line in its spectrum.
pronunciationTHAL-i-em (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori
0,85 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)
0,000019 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,0000078 %
natural abundance (Sunce)
0,0000001 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru
0,00000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.5591
2p4.5138
2s21.3158
3d13.4658
3p22.6335
3s23.5809
4d37.6112
4f38.1324
4p35.7832
4s34.9212
5d58.975
5p53.9115
5s51.878
6p68.7462
6s68.1804