Wolfram (W)

grundstof med atomnummer 74

Atomnummer	74
Atommasse	183.84
mass number	184

Gruppe	6
Periode	6
Blok	d

proton	74 p⁺
neutron	110 n⁰
elektron	74 e^-

Fysisk Egenskab

Atomradius	135 pm 253 pm
molar volume	9,53 cm³/mol
Kovalent Radius	137 pm 120 pm 115 pm 162 pm
Metallic Radius	130 pm 139 pm
Ionisk radius	66 pm 62 pm 42 pm 51 pm 60 pm
Crystal Radius	80 pm 76 pm 56 pm 65 pm 74 pm
Van der Waals-radius	210 pm 218 pm 239 pm 309,6 pm
massefylde	19,3 g/cm³ 17.600 kg/m³

Kemisk Egenskab

{ERROR}

energi

proton affinity
electron affinity	0,81626 eV/particle
ioniseringsenergi	7,86403 eV/particle 16,4 eV/particle 26,02 eV/particle 38,21 eV/particle 51,59 eV/particle 64,766 eV/particle 122,01 eV/particle 141,2 eV/particle 160,2 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 208,9 eV/particle 231,6 eV/particle 258,3 eV/particle 290,7 eV/particle 325,3 eV/particle 361,9 eV/particle 387,9 eV/particle 420,7 eV/particle 462,1 eV/particle 502,6 eV/particle 543,4 eV/particle 594,5 eV/particle 640,6 eV/particle 686 eV/particle 734,1 eV/particle 784,4 eV/particle 833,4 eV/particle 881,4 eV/particle 1.132,2 eV/particle 1.180 eV/particle 1.230,4 eV/particle 1.283,4 eV/particle 1.335,1 eV/particle 1.386,8 eV/particle 1.459,9 eV/particle 1.512,4 eV/particle 1.569,1 eV/particle 1.622 eV/particle 1.829,8 eV/particle 1.882,9 eV/particle 1.940,6 eV/particle 1.994,8 eV/particle 2.149,1 eV/particle 2.210 eV/particle 2.354 eV/particle 2.414,11 eV/particle 4.057 eV/particle 4.180 eV/particle 4.309 eV/particle 4.446 eV/particle 4.578 eV/particle 4.709 eV/particle 4.927 eV/particle 5.063 eV/particle 5.209 eV/particle 5.348 eV/particle 5.719 eV/particle 5.840 eV/particle 5.970 eV/particle 6.093 eV/particle 6.600 eV/particle 6.735 eV/particle 7.000 eV/particle 7.130 eV/particle 15.566 eV/particle 15.896 eV/particle 16.252 eV/particle 16.588 eV/particle 18.476 eV/particle 18.872 eV/particle 19.362 eV/particle 19.686,74 eV/particle 79.181,93 eV/particle 80.755,6 eV/particle

Fordampningsvarme	824 kJ/mol
smeltevarme	35 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	851 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronskal	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2

Valenselektron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²

Oxidationstrin	-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Elektronegativitet	8,67 eV/particle 0.2390504 1.7
Electrophilicity Index	1,336370129915207 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

stoffase
gaseous state of matter
Kogepunkt	5.828,15 K
Smeltepunkt	3.687,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
appearance
farve	Sort #ff1493 #2194d6 #2194d6
appearance	grayish white, lustrous
Brydningsindeks
materialeegenskab
Varmeledningsevne	173 W/(m K)
Termisk ekspansion	0,0000045 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,27 J/(mol K)
Varmefylde	0,132 J/(g⋅K)
Adiabateksponenten
electrical properties
type	Conductor
specifik ledningsevne	20 MS/m
Elektrisk resistivitet	0,00000004999999999997 Ω*m
superledning	0,015 K
Magnetisme
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,00000000459 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000844 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,0000884
magnetic ordering
Curietemperaturen
Néel temperature
struktur
Krystalstruktur	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3,16 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hårdhed	2.570 MPa 7,5 MPa 3.430 MPa
Kompressibilitetsmodul	310 GPa
Forskydningsmodul	161 GPa
E-modul	411 GPa
Poissons forhold	0,28
speed of sound	5.174 m/s
klassificering
Kategori	Actinider, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIA
IUPAC Group	VIB
Glawe Number	57
Mendeleev Number	53
Pettifor Number	56
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

øvrige

Gas Basicity
polarizability	68 ± 15 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	757 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	18,4
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0036
quantum number	5D0
rumgruppe	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Tungsten

Stable Isotopes	0
Unstable Isotopes	41
Natural Isotopes	5

¹⁵⁷W

mass number	157
neutron number	83
Relative Atomic Mass	156,978862 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	275 ± 40 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	2010
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0%

¹⁵⁸W

mass number	158
neutron number	84
Relative Atomic Mass	157,974565 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	1,43 ± 0,18 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1981
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁵⁹W

mass number	159
neutron number	85
Relative Atomic Mass	158,972696 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	8,2 ± 0,7 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1981
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁶⁰W

mass number	160
neutron number	86
Relative Atomic Mass	159,968513946 ± 0,000160828 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	90 ± 5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1979
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	87%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁶¹W

mass number	161
neutron number	87
Relative Atomic Mass	160,967249 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	409 ± 16 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1973
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	73%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	27%

¹⁶²W

mass number	162
neutron number	88
Relative Atomic Mass	161,963500341 ± 0,000018955 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	1,19 ± 0,12 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1973
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	45.2%

¹⁶³W

mass number	163
neutron number	89
Relative Atomic Mass	162,962524251 ± 0,000062722 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,63 ± 0,09 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1973
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	14%

¹⁶⁴W

mass number	164
neutron number	90
Relative Atomic Mass	163,958952445 ± 0,000010384 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	6,3 ± 0,2 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1973
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	96.2%
α (α emission)	3.8%

¹⁶⁵W

mass number	165
neutron number	91
Relative Atomic Mass	164,958280663 ± 0,000027649 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	5,1 ± 0,5 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1975
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁶⁶W

mass number	166
neutron number	92
Relative Atomic Mass	165,955031952 ± 0,000010159 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	19,2 ± 0,6 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1975
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.965%
α (α emission)	0.035%

¹⁶⁷W

mass number	167
neutron number	93
Relative Atomic Mass	166,95481108 ± 0,000020078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	19,9 ± 0,5 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1985
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.96%
α (α emission)	0.04%

¹⁶⁸W

mass number	168
neutron number	94
Relative Atomic Mass	167,951805459 ± 0,000014233 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	50,9 ± 1,9 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1971
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.0032%

¹⁶⁹W

mass number	169
neutron number	95
Relative Atomic Mass	168,951778689 ± 0,000016571 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	74 ± 6 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1985
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁰W

mass number	170
neutron number	96
Relative Atomic Mass	169,949231235 ± 0,000014165 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,42 ± 0,04 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1971
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷¹W

mass number	171
neutron number	97
Relative Atomic Mass	170,949451 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,38 ± 0,04 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1983
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷²W

mass number	172
neutron number	98
Relative Atomic Mass	171,947292 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	6,6 ± 0,9 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1964
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷³W

mass number	173
neutron number	99
Relative Atomic Mass	172,947689 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	7,6 ± 0,2 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1963
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁴W

mass number	174
neutron number	100
Relative Atomic Mass	173,946079 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	33,2 ± 2,1 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1964
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁵W

mass number	175
neutron number	101
Relative Atomic Mass	174,946717 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	35,2 ± 0,6 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1963
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁶W

mass number	176
neutron number	102
Relative Atomic Mass	175,945634 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,5 ± 0,1 h
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1950
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁷⁷W

mass number	177
neutron number	103
Relative Atomic Mass	176,946643 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	132,4 ± 2 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1950
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁸W

mass number	178
neutron number	104
Relative Atomic Mass	177,945885791 ± 0,000016316 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	21,6 ± 0,3 d
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1950
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁷⁹W

mass number	179
neutron number	105
Relative Atomic Mass	178,947079378 ± 0,000015644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	37,05 ± 0,16 m
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1950
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸⁰W

mass number	180
neutron number	106
Relative Atomic Mass	179,946713304 ± 0,000001545 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0,12 ± 0,01
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	1,59 ± 0,5 Ey
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1937
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

¹⁸¹W

mass number	181
neutron number	107
Relative Atomic Mass	180,948218733 ± 0,000001554 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	120,956 ± 0,019 d
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1947
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁸²W

mass number	182
neutron number	108
Relative Atomic Mass	181,948205636 ± 0,000000799 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	26,5 ± 0,16
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1930
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)

¹⁸³W

mass number	183
neutron number	109
Relative Atomic Mass	182,950224416 ± 0,000000798 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	14,31 ± 0,04
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1930
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁴W

mass number	184
neutron number	110
Relative Atomic Mass	183,95093318 ± 0,000000792 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	30,64 ± 0,02
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1930
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁵W

mass number	185
neutron number	111
Relative Atomic Mass	184,953421206 ± 0,000000793 Da
g-factor	0,362 ± 0,0093333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	75,1 ± 0,3 d
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1940
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁶W

mass number	186
neutron number	112
Relative Atomic Mass	185,95436514 ± 0,000001302 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	28,43 ± 0,19
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1930
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁷W

mass number	187
neutron number	113
Relative Atomic Mass	186,957161249 ± 0,000001302 Da
g-factor	0,414 ± 0,01
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	23,809 ± 0,025 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1940
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁸W

mass number	188
neutron number	114
Relative Atomic Mass	187,958488325 ± 0,000003316 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	69,77 ± 0,05 d
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1951
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁹W

mass number	189
neutron number	115
Relative Atomic Mass	188,961557 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	11,6 ± 0,2 m
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1963
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹⁰W

mass number	190
neutron number	116
Relative Atomic Mass	189,963103542 ± 0,000037993 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	30 ± 1,5 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1976
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹¹W

mass number	191
neutron number	117
Relative Atomic Mass	190,966531 ± 0,000045 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1999
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹²W

mass number	192
neutron number	118
Relative Atomic Mass	191,968202 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1999
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹³W

mass number	193
neutron number	119
Relative Atomic Mass	192,971884 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	2009
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁴W

mass number	194
neutron number	120
Relative Atomic Mass	193,973795 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	2008
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁵W

mass number	195
neutron number	121
Relative Atomic Mass	194,977735 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	2012
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁶W

mass number	196
neutron number	122
Relative Atomic Mass	195,979882 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	2012
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁷W

mass number	197
neutron number	123
Relative Atomic Mass	196,984036 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	2012
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

historie

opdager eller opfinder	Fausto and Juan José de Elhuyar
fundsted	Spain
opdagelsesdato	1783
etymologi	Swedish: tung sten (heavy stone): symbol from its German name wolfram.
udtale	TUNG-sten (engelsk)

source

Forekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust	1,25 mg/kg
natural abundance (verdenshave)	0,0001 mg/L
natural abundance (menneskelige krop)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0,000012 %
natural abundance (Solen)	0,0000004 %
Abundance in Universe	0,00000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	1.4343
2	p	4.4258
2	s	19.3302
3	d	13.5476
3	p	21.3824
3	s	22.13
4	d	36.8268
4	f	39.2892
4	p	34.4516
4	s	33.4412
5	d	57.258
5	p	52.6745
5	s	50.4585
6	s	64.1456

Wolfram on ChemicalAid

Wolfram (W)

Fysisk Egenskab

Kemisk Egenskab

øvrige

Isotopes of Tungsten

157W

158W

159W

160W

161W

162W

163W

164W

165W

166W

167W

168W

169W

170W

171W

172W

173W

174W

175W

176W

177W

178W

179W

180W

181W

182W

183W

184W

185W

186W

187W

188W

189W

190W

191W

192W

193W

194W

195W

196W

197W

historie

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

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