Tungstan (W)

chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74

Atomic Number	74
Atomic Weight	183.84
mass number	184

Group	6
Period	6
Block	d

proton	74 p⁺
neutron	110 n⁰
electron	74 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	135 pm 253 pm
molar volume	9.53 cm³/mol
covalent radius	137 pm 120 pm 115 pm 162 pm
Metallic Radius	130 pm 139 pm
ionic radius	66 pm 62 pm 42 pm 51 pm 60 pm
Crystal Radius	80 pm 76 pm 56 pm 65 pm 74 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm 218 pm 239 pm 309.6 pm
density	19.3 g/cm³ 17,600 kg/m³

Chemical Property

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proton affinity
electron affinity	0.81626 eV/particle
ionization energy	7.86403 eV/particle 16.4 eV/particle 26.02 eV/particle 38.21 eV/particle 51.59 eV/particle 64.766 eV/particle 122.01 eV/particle 141.2 eV/particle 160.2 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 208.9 eV/particle 231.6 eV/particle 258.3 eV/particle 290.7 eV/particle 325.3 eV/particle 361.9 eV/particle 387.9 eV/particle 420.7 eV/particle 462.1 eV/particle 502.6 eV/particle 543.4 eV/particle 594.5 eV/particle 640.6 eV/particle 686 eV/particle 734.1 eV/particle 784.4 eV/particle 833.4 eV/particle 881.4 eV/particle 1,132.2 eV/particle 1,180 eV/particle 1,230.4 eV/particle 1,283.4 eV/particle 1,335.1 eV/particle 1,386.8 eV/particle 1,459.9 eV/particle 1,512.4 eV/particle 1,569.1 eV/particle 1,622 eV/particle 1,829.8 eV/particle 1,882.9 eV/particle 1,940.6 eV/particle 1,994.8 eV/particle 2,149.1 eV/particle 2,210 eV/particle 2,354 eV/particle 2,414.11 eV/particle 4,057 eV/particle 4,180 eV/particle 4,309 eV/particle 4,446 eV/particle 4,578 eV/particle 4,709 eV/particle 4,927 eV/particle 5,063 eV/particle 5,209 eV/particle 5,348 eV/particle 5,719 eV/particle 5,840 eV/particle 5,970 eV/particle 6,093 eV/particle 6,600 eV/particle 6,735 eV/particle 7,000 eV/particle 7,130 eV/particle 15,566 eV/particle 15,896 eV/particle 16,252 eV/particle 16,588 eV/particle 18,476 eV/particle 18,872 eV/particle 19,362 eV/particle 19,686.74 eV/particle 79,181.93 eV/particle 80,755.6 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	824 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	35 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	851 kJ/mol
electron

electron shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2

valence electron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²

oxidation number	-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
electronegativity	8.67 eV/particle 0.2390504 1.7
Electrophilicity Index	1.336370129915207 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	5,828.15 K
Melting Point	3,687.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
dath	Black #ff1493 #2194d6 #2194d6
appearance	grayish white, lustrous
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	173 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0.0000045 1/K
molar heat capacity	24.27 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.132 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	20 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0.00000004999999999997 Ω*m
superconductivity	0.015 K
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.00000000459 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000000844 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.0000884
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.16 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	2,570 MPa 7.5 MPa 3,430 MPa
bulk modulus	310 GPa
shear modulus	161 GPa
Young's modulus	411 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0.28
speed of sound	5,174 m/s
classification
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIA
IUPAC Group	VIB
Glawe Number	57
Mendeleev Number	53
Pettifor Number	56
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	68 ± 15 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	757 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	18.4
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0036
quantum number	5D0
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Tungsten

Stable Isotopes	0
Unstable Isotopes	41
Natural Isotopes	5

¹⁵⁷W

mass number	157
neutron number	83
Relative Atomic Mass	156.978862 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	275 ± 40 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0%

¹⁵⁸W

mass number	158
neutron number	84
Relative Atomic Mass	157.974565 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.43 ± 0.18 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1981
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%

¹⁵⁹W

mass number	159
neutron number	85
Relative Atomic Mass	158.972696 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8.2 ± 0.7 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1981
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁶⁰W

mass number	160
neutron number	86
Relative Atomic Mass	159.968513946 ± 0.000160828 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	90 ± 5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1979
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	87%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

¹⁶¹W

mass number	161
neutron number	87
Relative Atomic Mass	160.967249 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	409 ± 16 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1973
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	73%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	27%

¹⁶²W

mass number	162
neutron number	88
Relative Atomic Mass	161.963500341 ± 0.000018955 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.19 ± 0.12 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1973
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	45.2%

¹⁶³W

mass number	163
neutron number	89
Relative Atomic Mass	162.962524251 ± 0.000062722 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.63 ± 0.09 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1973
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	14%

¹⁶⁴W

mass number	164
neutron number	90
Relative Atomic Mass	163.958952445 ± 0.000010384 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	6.3 ± 0.2 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1973
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	96.2%
α (α emission)	3.8%

¹⁶⁵W

mass number	165
neutron number	91
Relative Atomic Mass	164.958280663 ± 0.000027649 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5.1 ± 0.5 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1975
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)

¹⁶⁶W

mass number	166
neutron number	92
Relative Atomic Mass	165.955031952 ± 0.000010159 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	19.2 ± 0.6 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1975
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.965%
α (α emission)	0.035%

¹⁶⁷W

mass number	167
neutron number	93
Relative Atomic Mass	166.95481108 ± 0.000020078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	19.9 ± 0.5 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1985
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.96%
α (α emission)	0.04%

¹⁶⁸W

mass number	168
neutron number	94
Relative Atomic Mass	167.951805459 ± 0.000014233 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	50.9 ± 1.9 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.0032%

¹⁶⁹W

mass number	169
neutron number	95
Relative Atomic Mass	168.951778689 ± 0.000016571 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	74 ± 6 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1985
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁰W

mass number	170
neutron number	96
Relative Atomic Mass	169.949231235 ± 0.000014165 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.42 ± 0.04 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1971
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷¹W

mass number	171
neutron number	97
Relative Atomic Mass	170.949451 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.38 ± 0.04 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1983
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷²W

mass number	172
neutron number	98
Relative Atomic Mass	171.947292 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	6.6 ± 0.9 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷³W

mass number	173
neutron number	99
Relative Atomic Mass	172.947689 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	7.6 ± 0.2 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1963
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁴W

mass number	174
neutron number	100
Relative Atomic Mass	173.946079 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	33.2 ± 2.1 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁵W

mass number	175
neutron number	101
Relative Atomic Mass	174.946717 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	35.2 ± 0.6 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1963
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁶W

mass number	176
neutron number	102
Relative Atomic Mass	175.945634 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.5 ± 0.1 h
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1950
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁷⁷W

mass number	177
neutron number	103
Relative Atomic Mass	176.946643 ± 0.00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	132.4 ± 2 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1950
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁸W

mass number	178
neutron number	104
Relative Atomic Mass	177.945885791 ± 0.000016316 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	21.6 ± 0.3 d
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1950
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁷⁹W

mass number	179
neutron number	105
Relative Atomic Mass	178.947079378 ± 0.000015644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	37.05 ± 0.16 m
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1950
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸⁰W

mass number	180
neutron number	106
Relative Atomic Mass	179.946713304 ± 0.000001545 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.12 ± 0.01
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	1.59 ± 0.5 Ey
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1937
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

¹⁸¹W

mass number	181
neutron number	107
Relative Atomic Mass	180.948218733 ± 0.000001554 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	120.956 ± 0.019 d
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1947
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁸²W

mass number	182
neutron number	108
Relative Atomic Mass	181.948205636 ± 0.000000799 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	26.5 ± 0.16
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)

¹⁸³W

mass number	183
neutron number	109
Relative Atomic Mass	182.950224416 ± 0.000000798 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	14.31 ± 0.04
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1930
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁴W

mass number	184
neutron number	110
Relative Atomic Mass	183.95093318 ± 0.000000792 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	30.64 ± 0.02
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁵W

mass number	185
neutron number	111
Relative Atomic Mass	184.953421206 ± 0.000000793 Da
g-factor	0.362 ± 0.0093333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	75.1 ± 0.3 d
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁶W

mass number	186
neutron number	112
Relative Atomic Mass	185.95436514 ± 0.000001302 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	28.43 ± 0.19
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1930
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)
α (α emission)

¹⁸⁷W

mass number	187
neutron number	113
Relative Atomic Mass	186.957161249 ± 0.000001302 Da
g-factor	0.414 ± 0.01
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	23.809 ± 0.025 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁸W

mass number	188
neutron number	114
Relative Atomic Mass	187.958488325 ± 0.000003316 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	69.77 ± 0.05 d
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1951
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁹W

mass number	189
neutron number	115
Relative Atomic Mass	188.961557 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11.6 ± 0.2 m
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1963
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹⁰W

mass number	190
neutron number	116
Relative Atomic Mass	189.963103542 ± 0.000037993 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	30 ± 1.5 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1976
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹¹W

mass number	191
neutron number	117
Relative Atomic Mass	190.966531 ± 0.000045 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1999
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹²W

mass number	192
neutron number	118
Relative Atomic Mass	191.968202 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	1999
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹³W

mass number	193
neutron number	119
Relative Atomic Mass	192.971884 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	2009
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁴W

mass number	194
neutron number	120
Relative Atomic Mass	193.973795 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	2008
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁵W

mass number	195
neutron number	121
Relative Atomic Mass	194.977735 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2012
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁶W

mass number	196
neutron number	122
Relative Atomic Mass	195.979882 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	2012
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

¹⁹⁷W

mass number	197
neutron number	123
Relative Atomic Mass	196.984036 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2012
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

eachdraidh

discoverer or inventor	Fausto and Juan José de Elhuyar
location of discovery	Spain
time of discovery or invention	1783
Facal-fhreumachd	Swedish: tung sten (heavy stone): symbol from its German name wolfram.
pronunciation	TUNG-sten (Beurla)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	1.25 mg/kg
natural abundance (cuan)	0.0001 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)
natural abundance (Dreag)	0.000012 %
natural abundance (Grian)	0.0000004 %
Abundance in Universe	0.00000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	1.4343
2	p	4.4258
2	s	19.3302
3	d	13.5476
3	p	21.3824
3	s	22.13
4	d	36.8268
4	f	39.2892
4	p	34.4516
4	s	33.4412
5	d	57.258
5	p	52.6745
5	s	50.4585
6	s	64.1456

Tungstan on ChemicalAid

Tungstan (W)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Tungsten

157W

158W

159W

160W

161W

162W

163W

164W

165W

166W

167W

168W

169W

170W

171W

172W

173W

174W

175W

176W

177W

178W

179W

180W

181W

182W

183W

184W

185W

186W

187W

188W

189W

190W

191W

192W

193W

194W

195W

196W

197W

eachdraidh

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹⁵⁷W

¹⁵⁸W

¹⁵⁹W

¹⁶⁰W

¹⁶¹W

¹⁶²W

¹⁶³W

¹⁶⁴W

¹⁶⁵W

¹⁶⁶W

¹⁶⁷W

¹⁶⁸W

¹⁶⁹W

¹⁷⁰W

¹⁷¹W

¹⁷²W

¹⁷³W

¹⁷⁴W

¹⁷⁵W

¹⁷⁶W

¹⁷⁷W

¹⁷⁸W

¹⁷⁹W

¹⁸⁰W

¹⁸¹W

¹⁸²W

¹⁸³W

¹⁸⁴W

¹⁸⁵W

¹⁸⁶W

¹⁸⁷W

¹⁸⁸W

¹⁸⁹W

¹⁹⁰W

¹⁹¹W

¹⁹²W

¹⁹³W

¹⁹⁴W

¹⁹⁵W

¹⁹⁶W

¹⁹⁷W