Вольфрам

Вольфрам (W)

chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74
Atomic Number74
Atomic Weight183.84
mass number184
Group6
Period6
Blockd
Протон74 p+
Нейтрон110 n0
Электрон74 e-
Animated Bohr model of W (Вольфрам)

Physical Property

Атомдук Радиус
135 pm
molar volume
covalent radius
137 pm
Metallic Radius
130 pm
ionic radius
66 pm
Crystal Radius
80 pm
Van der Waals radius
218 pm
density
19,3 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Вольфрам020406080100120140160180200220pmАтомдук РадиусCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

энергия
proton affinity
electron affinity
0,81626 eV/particle
ionization energy
7,86403 eV/particle
ionization energy of W (Вольфрам)
enthalpy of vaporization
824 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
standard enthalpy of formation
851 kJ/mol
Электрон
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Bohr model: W (Вольфрам)
valence electron2
Lewis structure: W (Вольфрам)
electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d4 6s2
Enhanced Bohr model of W (Вольфрам)
Orbital Diagram of W (Вольфрам)
oxidation number-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
electronegativity
1.7
Electrophilicity Index
1,336370129915207 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
5 828,15 K
Melting Point
3 687,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
Түс –
Gray
appearancegrayish white, lustrous
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
0,0000045 1/K
molar heat capacity
24,27 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0,132 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
20 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0,00000004999999999997 m Ω
superconductivity
0,015 K
Магнетизм
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0,00000000459 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0,000000000844 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0,0000884
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
түзүм
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic (BCC)
lattice constant
3,16 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
7,5 MPa
bulk modulus
310 GPa
shear modulus
161 GPa
Young's modulus
411 GPa
Poisson's ratio
0,28
speed of sound
5 174 m/s
classification
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIA
IUPAC GroupVIB
Glawe Number57
Mendeleev Number53
Pettifor Number56
Geochemical Class
Литофиль элементтериlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
68 ± 15 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
18,4
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0036
Кванттык сандар5D0
space group229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Tungsten

Stable Isotopes0
Unstable Isotopes41
Natural Isotopes5
Isotopic Composition18430.64%18430.64%18628.43%18628.43%18226.50%18226.50%18314.31%18314.31%1800.12%1800.12%

157W

mass number157
neutron number83
relative atomic mass
156,978862 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
275 ± 40 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2010
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0%

158W

mass number158
neutron number84
relative atomic mass
157,974565 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,43 ± 0,18 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%

159W

mass number159
neutron number85
relative atomic mass
158,972696 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
8,2 ± 0,7 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

160W

mass number160
neutron number86
relative atomic mass
159,968513946 ± 0,000160828 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
90 ± 5 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)87%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

161W

mass number161
neutron number87
relative atomic mass
160,967249 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
409 ± 16 ms
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)73%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)27%

162W

mass number162
neutron number88
relative atomic mass
161,963500341 ± 0,000018955 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,19 ± 0,12 s
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
α (α emission)45.2%

163W

mass number163
neutron number89
relative atomic mass
162,962524251 ± 0,000062722 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,63 ± 0,09 s
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
α (α emission)14%

164W

mass number164
neutron number90
relative atomic mass
163,958952445 ± 0,000010384 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
6,3 ± 0,2 s
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)96.2%
α (α emission)3.8%

165W

mass number165
neutron number91
relative atomic mass
164,958280663 ± 0,000027649 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
5,1 ± 0,5 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1975
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

166W

mass number166
neutron number92
relative atomic mass
165,955031952 ± 0,000010159 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
19,2 ± 0,6 s
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1975
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.965%
α (α emission)0.035%

167W

mass number167
neutron number93
relative atomic mass
166,95481108 ± 0,000020078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
19,9 ± 0,5 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1985
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.96%
α (α emission)0.04%

168W

mass number168
neutron number94
relative atomic mass
167,951805459 ± 0,000014233 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
50,9 ± 1,9 s
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1971
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.0032%

169W

mass number169
neutron number95
relative atomic mass
168,951778689 ± 0,000016571 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
74 ± 6 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1985
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

170W

mass number170
neutron number96
relative atomic mass
169,949231235 ± 0,000014165 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,42 ± 0,04 m
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1971
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

171W

mass number171
neutron number97
relative atomic mass
170,949451 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,38 ± 0,04 m
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1983
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

172W

mass number172
neutron number98
relative atomic mass
171,947292 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
6,6 ± 0,9 m
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1964
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

173W

mass number173
neutron number99
relative atomic mass
172,947689 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
7,6 ± 0,2 m
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1963
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

174W

mass number174
neutron number100
relative atomic mass
173,946079 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
33,2 ± 2,1 m
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1964
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

175W

mass number175
neutron number101
relative atomic mass
174,946717 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
35,2 ± 0,6 m
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1963
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

176W

mass number176
neutron number102
relative atomic mass
175,945634 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,5 ± 0,1 h
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1950
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

177W

mass number177
neutron number103
relative atomic mass
176,946643 ± 0,00003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
132,4 ± 2 m
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1950
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

178W

mass number178
neutron number104
relative atomic mass
177,945885791 ± 0,000016316 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
21,6 ± 0,3 d
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1950
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

179W

mass number179
neutron number105
relative atomic mass
178,947079378 ± 0,000015644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
37,05 ± 0,16 m
Спин7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1950
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

180W

mass number180
neutron number106
relative atomic mass
179,946713304 ± 0,000001545 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,12 ± 0,01
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,59 ± 0,5 Ey
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1937
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

181W

mass number181
neutron number107
relative atomic mass
180,948218733 ± 0,000001554 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
120,956 ± 0,019 d
Спин9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1947
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

182W

mass number182
neutron number108
relative atomic mass
181,948205636 ± 0,000000799 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
26,5 ± 0,16
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1930
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)

183W

mass number183
neutron number109
relative atomic mass
182,950224416 ± 0,000000798 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
14,31 ± 0,04
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1930
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)

184W

mass number184
neutron number110
relative atomic mass
183,95093318 ± 0,000000792 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
30,64 ± 0,02
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1930
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)

185W

mass number185
neutron number111
relative atomic mass
184,953421206 ± 0,000000793 Da
g-factor
0,362 ± 0,0093333333333333
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
75,1 ± 0,3 d
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1940
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

186W

mass number186
neutron number112
relative atomic mass
185,95436514 ± 0,000001302 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
28,43 ± 0,19
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1930
parity+

decay modeintensity
(double β decay)
α (α emission)

187W

mass number187
neutron number113
relative atomic mass
186,957161249 ± 0,000001302 Da
g-factor
0,414 ± 0,01
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
23,809 ± 0,025 h
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1940
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

188W

mass number188
neutron number114
relative atomic mass
187,958488325 ± 0,000003316 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
69,77 ± 0,05 d
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

189W

mass number189
neutron number115
relative atomic mass
188,961557 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
11,6 ± 0,2 m
Спин9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1963
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

190W

mass number190
neutron number116
relative atomic mass
189,963103542 ± 0,000037993 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
30 ± 1,5 m
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1976
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

191W

mass number191
neutron number117
relative atomic mass
190,966531 ± 0,000045 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1999
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

192W

mass number192
neutron number118
relative atomic mass
191,968202 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1999
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

193W

mass number193
neutron number119
relative atomic mass
192,971884 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention2009
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

194W

mass number194
neutron number120
relative atomic mass
193,973795 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention2008
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

195W

mass number195
neutron number121
relative atomic mass
194,977735 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

196W

mass number196
neutron number122
relative atomic mass
195,979882 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

197W

mass number197
neutron number123
relative atomic mass
196,984036 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
Wolfram evaporated crystals and 1cm3 cube

тарых

discoverer or inventorFausto and Juan José de Elhuyar
location of discoverySpain
time of discovery or invention1783
ЭтимологияSwedish: tung sten (heavy stone): symbol from its German name wolfram.
pronunciationTUNG-sten (англисче)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,25 mg/kg
natural abundance (Океан)
0,0001 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,000012 %
natural abundance (Күн)
0,0000004 %
Abundance in Universe
0,00000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.4343
2p4.4258
2s19.3302
3d13.5476
3p21.3824
3s22.13
4d36.8268
4f39.2892
4p34.4516
4s33.4412
5d57.258
5p52.6745
5s50.4585
6s64.1456