Atomic Number | 54 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 131.293 |
Mass Number | 132 |
Group | 18 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | p |
Protons | 54 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 78 n0 |
Electrons | 54 e- |
Atomic Radius | |
---|---|
Molar Volume | 42.9 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 131 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | 40 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 54 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius |
216 pm
|
Density | 0.005366 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | 499.6 kJ/mol
|
Electron Affinity | -0.056 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 12.1298431 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 12.65 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | |
Heat of Formation | |
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 |
Valence Electrons | 8 |
Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
Oxidation States | 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 |
Electronegativity | 2.6
|
Electrophilicity | 1.4953590614035728 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
Phase | Gas |
Gas Phase | Monoatomic |
Boiling Point | 165.051 K
|
Melting Point | 161.4 K
|
Critical Pressure | 5.842 MPa
|
Critical Temperature | 289.733 K
|
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Color | Colorless
|
Appearance | colorless gas, exhibiting a blue glow when placed in a high voltage electric field |
Refractive Index | 1.000702
|
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | 0.0057 W/(m K)
|
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | 20.786 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.158 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | 5/3 |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | diamagnetic |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | -0.0000000043 m³/Kg
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | -0.000000000565 m³/mol
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | -0.0000000254
|
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
Lattice Constant | 6.2 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | 1,090 m/s
|
Classification | |
Category | Noble gases, Noble gases |
CAS Group | VIII |
IUPAC Group | VIIIA |
Glawe Number | 5 |
Mendeleev Number | 116 |
Pettifor Number | 5 |
Geochemical Class | volatile |
Goldschmidt Class | atmophile |
Other | |
Gas Basicity | 478.1 kJ/mol
|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 25
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0083
|
Quantum Numbers | 1S0 |
Space Group | 225 (Fm_3m) |
Stable Isotopes | 9 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 34 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 35 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 108 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 72 ± 35 us
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2018 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 109 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 13 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2006 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 110 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 93 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1981 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 64% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 36% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 111 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 740 ± 200 ms
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1979 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 89.6% |
α (α emission) | 10.4% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 112 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 2.7 ± 0.8 s
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1978 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 98.8% |
α (α emission) | 1.2% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 113 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 2.74 ± 0.08 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
α (α emission) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 7% |
β+α (β+-delayed α emission) | 0.007% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 114 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 10 ± 0.4 s
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1977 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 115 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 18 ± 3 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.34% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 116 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 59 ± 2 s
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 117 |
G-Factor | -0.23752 ± 0.0006
|
Half Life | 61 ± 2 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.1 ± 0.4
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.0029% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 118 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 3.8 ± 0.9 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1965 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 119 |
G-Factor | -0.26168 ± 0.0006
|
Half Life | 5.8 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.29 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1965 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
e+ (positron emission) | 79% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 21% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 120 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 46 ± 0.6 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1965 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 121 |
G-Factor | -0.2804 ± 0.0012
|
Half Life | 40.1 ± 2 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.31 ± 0.05
|
Discovery Year | 1952 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 122 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 20.1 ± 0.1 h
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1952 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 123 |
G-Factor | -0.3 ± 0.006
|
Half Life | 2.08 ± 0.02 h
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1952 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | 0.095 ± 0.005
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 124 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1922 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2β+ (double β+ decay) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 125 |
G-Factor | -0.538 ± 0.006
|
Half Life | 16.87 ± 0.08 h
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Abundance | 0.089 ± 0.003
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 126 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1922 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2β+ (double β+ decay) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 127 |
G-Factor | -1.0066 ± 0.0022
|
Half Life | 36.342 ± 0.003 d
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
Abundance | 1.91 ± 0.013
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 128 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1922 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 26.401 ± 0.138
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 129 |
G-Factor | -1.555922 ± 0.000032
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1920 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 4.071 ± 0.022
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 130 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1922 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 21.232 ± 0.051
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 131 |
G-Factor | 0.46123 ± 0.0000046666666666667
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.114 ± 0.001
|
Discovery Year | 1920 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | 26.909 ± 0.055
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 132 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1920 |
Parity | + |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 133 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 5.2474 ± 0.0005 d
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.14 ± 0.005
|
Discovery Year | 1940 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | 10.436 ± 0.035
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 134 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1920 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 135 |
G-Factor | 0.60213333333333 ± 0.00046666666666667
|
Half Life | 9.14 ± 0.02 h
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.21 ± 0.007
|
Discovery Year | 1940 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ 8.857 ± 0.072
|
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 136 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 2.18 ± 0.05 Zy
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1920 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 137 |
G-Factor | -0.27725714285714 ± 0.00028571428571429
|
Half Life | 3.818 ± 0.013 m
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.47 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1943 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 138 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 14.14 ± 0.07 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1943 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 139 |
G-Factor | -0.20266666666667 ± 0.0010666666666667
|
Half Life | 39.68 ± 0.14 s
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.39 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1951 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 140 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 13.6 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1951 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 141 |
G-Factor | 0.004 ± 0.0012
|
Half Life | 1.73 ± 0.01 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.57 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1951 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.044% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 142 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 1.23 ± 0.02 s
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1960 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 0.37% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 143 |
G-Factor | -0.184 ± 0.0008
|
Half Life | 511 ± 6 ms
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.91 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1951 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 1% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 144 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 388 ± 7 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2003 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 3% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 145 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 188 ± 4 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2003 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 5% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 146 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 146 ± 6 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1989 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 6.9% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 147 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 88 ± 14 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 8% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 148 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | 85 ± 15 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2010 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 149 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | |
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2018 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 150 |
G-Factor | 0
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2018 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
Xenon was discovered in England by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers in 1898. They found xenon in the residue left over from evaporating components of liquid air. Spectroscopic analysis showed the previously unseen beautiful blue lines that indicated the presence of a new element. From the Greek word xenon, stranger
Discoverers | Sir William Ramsay; M. W. Travers |
---|---|
Discovery Location | England |
Discovery Year | 1898 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Greek: xenos (strange). |
Pronunciation | ZEE-non (English) |
1 | s | 1.0785 |
2 | p | 4.1654 |
2 | s | 14.197 |
3 | d | 14.0532 |
3 | p | 18.3324 |
3 | s | 18.4236 |
4 | d | 32.1068 |
4 | p | 29.0428 |
4 | s | 27.8272 |
5 | p | 41.5755 |
5 | s | 39.782 |