Ytrium (Y)

chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39

Atomic Number	39
Atomic Weight	88.90584
Nombor jisim	89

Group	3
Period	5
Block	d

proton	39 p⁺
neutron	50 n⁰
Elektron	39 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	180 pm 274 pm
molar volume	19.8 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	163 pm 130 pm 124 pm 190 pm
Metallic Radius	162 pm 180 pm
ionic radius	90 pm 96 pm 101.9 pm 107.5 pm
Crystal Radius	104 pm 110 pm 115.9 pm 121.5 pm
Jejari van der Waals	240 pm 232 pm 271 pm 334.5 pm
ketumpatan	4.47 g/cm³ 4,240 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	967 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	0.307 eV/particle
ionization energy	6.21726 eV/particle 12.224 eV/particle 20.52441 eV/particle 60.607 eV/particle 74.97 eV/particle 91.39 eV/particle 110.02 eV/particle 127 eV/particle 145.64 eV/particle 185.7 eV/particle 206 eV/particle 374.04 eV/particle 414 eV/particle 463 eV/particle 512 eV/particle 559 eV/particle 624 eV/particle 677 eV/particle 733 eV/particle 790 eV/particle 847 eV/particle 1,010 eV/particle 1,061.9 eV/particle 1,120.2 eV/particle 1,190 eV/particle 1,253 eV/particle 1,300 eV/particle 1,427.6 eV/particle 1,483.118 eV/particle 3,562.9 eV/particle 3,720 eV/particle 3,892 eV/particle 4,060 eV/particle 4,299 eV/particle 4,484 eV/particle 4,724 eV/particle 4,875.73 eV/particle 20,415.716 eV/particle 21,115.55 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	367 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	11.5 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	424.7 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 18, 9, 2

Elektron valens	2 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Kr] 4d¹ 5s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d¹ 5s²

Keadaan pengoksidaan	0, 1, 2, 3
Keelektronegatifan	6.631 eV/particle 0.1216986 1.22
Electrophilicity Index	0.9002558378903806 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3,618.15 K
Melting Point	1,795.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #ff1493 #94ffff #94ffff
rupa	silvery white
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma	0.0000106 1/K
molar heat capacity	26.53 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.298 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Kekonduksian elektrik	1.8 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	0.00000057 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian	1.3 K
kemagnetan
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000666 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000005921 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.0002978
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.65 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness	589 MPa
Modulus pukal	41 GPa
shear modulus	26 GPa
Young's modulus	64 GPa
Nisbah Poisson	0.24
Kelajuan bunyi	3,300 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIIA
IUPAC Group	IIIB
Glawe Number	21
Mendeleev Number	12
Pettifor Number	19
Geochemical Class	rare earth & related
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	945.9 kJ/mol
polarizability	162 ± 12 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	2,600 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	1.28
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.00059
Nombor kuantum	2D3/2
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Yttrium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	34
Natural Isotopes	1

⁷⁵Y

Nombor jisim	75
nombor neutron	36
Jisim Atom Relatif	74.96584 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

⁷⁶Y

Nombor jisim	76
nombor neutron	37
Jisim Atom Relatif	75.958937 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	28 ± 9 ms
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2001
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
p (proton emission)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁷⁷Y

Nombor jisim	77
nombor neutron	38
Jisim Atom Relatif	76.950146 ± 0.000218 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	63 ± 17 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1999
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

⁷⁸Y

Nombor jisim	78
nombor neutron	39
Jisim Atom Relatif	77.94399 ± 0.00032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	54 ± 5 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1992
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁷⁹Y

Nombor jisim	79
nombor neutron	40
Jisim Atom Relatif	78.937946 ± 0.000086 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	14.8 ± 0.6 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1992
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁰Y

Nombor jisim	80
nombor neutron	41
Jisim Atom Relatif	79.93435475 ± 0.000006701 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	30.1 ± 0.5 s
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1981
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸¹Y

Nombor jisim	81
nombor neutron	42
Jisim Atom Relatif	80.929454283 ± 0.000005802 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	70.4 ± 1 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1981
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸²Y

Nombor jisim	82
nombor neutron	43
Jisim Atom Relatif	81.926930189 ± 0.000005902 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	8.3 ± 0.2 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1980
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸³Y

Nombor jisim	83
nombor neutron	44
Jisim Atom Relatif	82.922484026 ± 0.00002 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	7.08 ± 0.08 m
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1962
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁴Y

Nombor jisim	84
nombor neutron	45
Jisim Atom Relatif	83.92067106 ± 0.000004615 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	39.5 ± 0.8 m
Spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1962
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁵Y

Nombor jisim	85
nombor neutron	46
Jisim Atom Relatif	84.916433039 ± 0.00002036 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.68 ± 0.05 h
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1952
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁶Y

Nombor jisim	86
nombor neutron	47
Jisim Atom Relatif	85.914886095 ± 0.000015182 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	14.74 ± 0.02 h
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1951
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁷Y

Nombor jisim	87
nombor neutron	48
Jisim Atom Relatif	86.9108761 ± 0.00000121 Da
g-factor	-0.38 ± 0.04
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	79.8 ± 0.3 h
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1940
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁸Y

Nombor jisim	88
nombor neutron	49
Jisim Atom Relatif	87.909501274 ± 0.00000161 Da
g-factor	-0.105 ± 0.0025
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	106.629 ± 0.024 d
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.16 ± 0.03
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁸⁹Y

Nombor jisim	89
nombor neutron	50
Jisim Atom Relatif	88.905838156 ± 0.000000363 Da
g-factor	-0.274596 ± 0.00001
natural abundance	100
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1923
parity	-

⁹⁰Y

Nombor jisim	90
nombor neutron	51
Jisim Atom Relatif	89.907141749 ± 0.000000379 Da
g-factor	-0.814 ± 0.004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	64.05 ± 0.05 h
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.125 ± 0.011
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹¹Y

Nombor jisim	91
nombor neutron	52
Jisim Atom Relatif	90.907298048 ± 0.000001978 Da
g-factor	0.3278 ± 0.0016
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	58.51 ± 0.06 d
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1943
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹²Y

Nombor jisim	92
nombor neutron	53
Jisim Atom Relatif	91.908945752 ± 0.000009798 Da
g-factor	-0.335 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.54 ± 0.01 h
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0 ± 0.02
tarikh penemuan	1940
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹³Y

Nombor jisim	93
nombor neutron	54
Jisim Atom Relatif	92.909578434 ± 0.000011259 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	10.18 ± 0.08 h
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹⁴Y

Nombor jisim	94
nombor neutron	55
Jisim Atom Relatif	93.911592062 ± 0.000006849 Da
g-factor	-0.12 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	18.7 ± 0.1 m
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.03 ± 0.03
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹⁵Y

Nombor jisim	95
nombor neutron	56
Jisim Atom Relatif	94.912819697 ± 0.000007277 Da
g-factor	-0.32 ± 0.06
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	10.3 ± 0.1 m
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1959
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹⁶Y

Nombor jisim	96
nombor neutron	57
Jisim Atom Relatif	95.915909305 ± 0.000006521 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.34 ± 0.05 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1975
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁹⁷Y

Nombor jisim	97
nombor neutron	58
Jisim Atom Relatif	96.918286702 ± 0.000007201 Da
g-factor	-0.24 ± 0.02
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.75 ± 0.03 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1970
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.055%

⁹⁸Y

Nombor jisim	98
nombor neutron	59
Jisim Atom Relatif	97.922394841 ± 0.000008501 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	548 ± 2 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1970
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.33%

⁹⁹Y

Nombor jisim	99
nombor neutron	60
Jisim Atom Relatif	98.924160839 ± 0.000007101 Da
g-factor	1.272 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.484 ± 0.007 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	1.55 ± 0.17
tarikh penemuan	1975
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1.77%

¹⁰⁰Y

Nombor jisim	100
nombor neutron	61
Jisim Atom Relatif	99.927727678 ± 0.000012 Da
g-factor	0.6875 ± 0.0025
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	940 ± 30 ms
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹⁰¹Y

Nombor jisim	101
nombor neutron	62
Jisim Atom Relatif	100.930160817 ± 0.000007601 Da
g-factor	1.288 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	426 ± 20 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	1.53 ± 0.17
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.3%

¹⁰²Y

Nombor jisim	102
nombor neutron	63
Jisim Atom Relatif	101.934328471 ± 0.000004381 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	360 ± 40 ms
Spin	5
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1980
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.6%

¹⁰³Y

Nombor jisim	103
nombor neutron	64
Jisim Atom Relatif	102.937243796 ± 0.000012029 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	239 ± 12 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	8%

¹⁰⁴Y

Nombor jisim	104
nombor neutron	65
Jisim Atom Relatif	103.941943 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	197 ± 4 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	34%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁵Y

Nombor jisim	105
nombor neutron	66
Jisim Atom Relatif	104.945711 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	95 ± 9 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	82%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁶Y

Nombor jisim	106
nombor neutron	67
Jisim Atom Relatif	105.950842 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	75 ± 6 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁷Y

Nombor jisim	107
nombor neutron	68
Jisim Atom Relatif	106.954943 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	33.5 ± 0.3 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁸Y

Nombor jisim	108
nombor neutron	69
Jisim Atom Relatif	107.960515 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	30 ± 5 ms
Spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁰⁹Y

Nombor jisim	109
nombor neutron	70
Jisim Atom Relatif	108.965131 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	25 ± 5 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Johann Gadolin
tempat penemuan	Finland
tarikh penemuan	1789
Etimologi	From the Swedish village, Ytterby, where one of its minerals was first found.
sebutan	IT-ri-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	33 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	0.000013 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.00019 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.000001 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.8244
2	p	3.9968
2	s	10.3778
3	d	13.6029
3	p	15.9075
3	s	15.4485
4	d	23.0416
4	p	26.2544
4	s	24.7364
5	s	32.744

Ytrium on ChemicalAid

Ytrium (Y)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Yttrium

75Y

76Y

77Y

78Y

79Y

80Y

81Y

82Y

83Y

84Y

85Y

86Y

87Y

88Y

89Y

90Y

91Y

92Y

93Y

94Y

95Y

96Y

97Y

98Y

99Y

100Y

101Y

102Y

103Y

104Y

105Y

106Y

107Y

108Y

109Y

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁷⁵Y

⁷⁶Y

⁷⁷Y

⁷⁸Y

⁷⁹Y

⁸⁰Y

⁸¹Y

⁸²Y

⁸³Y

⁸⁴Y

⁸⁵Y

⁸⁶Y

⁸⁷Y

⁸⁸Y

⁸⁹Y

⁹⁰Y

⁹¹Y

⁹²Y

⁹³Y

⁹⁴Y

⁹⁵Y

⁹⁶Y

⁹⁷Y

⁹⁸Y

⁹⁹Y

¹⁰⁰Y

¹⁰¹Y

¹⁰²Y

¹⁰³Y

¹⁰⁴Y

¹⁰⁵Y

¹⁰⁶Y

¹⁰⁷Y

¹⁰⁸Y

¹⁰⁹Y