Zirkonium

Zirkonium (Zr)

chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40
Atomic Number40
Atomic Weight91.224
Nombor jisim90
Group4
Period5
Blockd
proton40 p+
neutron50 n0
Elektron40 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Zr (Zirkonium)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
155 pm
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
154 pm
Metallic Radius
145 pm
ionic radius
59 pm
Crystal Radius
73 pm
Jejari van der Waals
223 pm
ketumpatan
6.52 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Zirkonium0153045607590105120135150165180195210225240pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
ionization energy of Zr (Zirkonium)
Entalpi pengewapan
567 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
19.2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
610 kJ/mol
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Model Bohr: Zr (Zirkonium)
Elektron valens2
Teori ion Lewis: Zr (Zirkonium)
tatarajah elektron[Kr] 4d2 5s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d2 5s2
Enhanced Model Bohr of Zr (Zirkonium)
Orbital Diagram of Zr (Zirkonium)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Keelektronegatifan
1.33
Electrophilicity Index
1.0036040369931862 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
4,679.15 K
Melting Point
2,127.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna
Silver
rupasilvery white
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
22.7 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
0.0000057 1/K
molar heat capacity
25.36 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.278 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
2.4 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
0.00000042 m Ω
Kesuperkonduksian
0.61 K
kemagnetan
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0.0000000168 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0.00000000153 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0.000109
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
3.23 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
5 MPa
Modulus pukal
shear modulus
33 GPa
Young's modulus
68 GPa
Nisbah Poisson
0.34
Kelajuan bunyi
3,800 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIVA
IUPAC GroupIVB
Glawe Number49
Mendeleev Number44
Pettifor Number49
Geochemical Classhigh field strength
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
112 ± 13 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
0.184
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.00066
Nombor kuantum3F2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Zirconium

Stable Isotopes3
Unstable Isotopes34
Natural Isotopes5
Isotopic Composition9051.45%9051.45%9217.15%9217.15%9417.38%9417.38%9111.22%9111.22%962.80%962.80%

77Zr

Nombor jisim77
nombor neutron37
jisim atom relatif
76.966076 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2017
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
p (proton emission)

78Zr

Nombor jisim78
nombor neutron38
jisim atom relatif
77.956146 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2001
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

79Zr

Nombor jisim79
nombor neutron39
jisim atom relatif
78.94979 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
56 ± 30 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1999
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

80Zr

Nombor jisim80
nombor neutron40
jisim atom relatif
79.941213 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
4.6 ± 0.6 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

81Zr

Nombor jisim81
nombor neutron41
jisim atom relatif
80.938245 ± 0.000099 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.5 ± 0.4 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1997
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.12%

82Zr

Nombor jisim82
nombor neutron42
jisim atom relatif
81.931707497 ± 0.0000017 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
32 ± 5 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1982
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

83Zr

Nombor jisim83
nombor neutron43
jisim atom relatif
82.929240926 ± 0.000006902 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
42 ± 2 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1974
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

84Zr

Nombor jisim84
nombor neutron44
jisim atom relatif
83.923325663 ± 0.000005903 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
25.8 ± 0.5 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1977
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

85Zr

Nombor jisim85
nombor neutron45
jisim atom relatif
84.921443199 ± 0.000006902 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.86 ± 0.04 m
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1963
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

86Zr

Nombor jisim86
nombor neutron46
jisim atom relatif
85.916296814 ± 0.000003827 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
16.5 ± 0.1 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

87Zr

Nombor jisim87
nombor neutron47
jisim atom relatif
86.914817338 ± 0.00000445 Da
g-factor
-0.19866666666667 ± 0.0011111111111111
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.68 ± 0.01 h
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.42 ± 0.05
tarikh penemuan1948
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

88Zr

Nombor jisim88
nombor neutron48
jisim atom relatif
87.910220715 ± 0.0000058 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
83.4 ± 0.3 d
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%

89Zr

Nombor jisim89
nombor neutron49
jisim atom relatif
88.908879751 ± 0.000002983 Da
g-factor
-0.23222222222222 ± 0.0013333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
78.36 ± 0.023 h
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.28 ± 0.1
tarikh penemuan1948
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

90Zr

Nombor jisim90
nombor neutron50
jisim atom relatif
89.904698755 ± 0.000000126 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
51.45 ± 0.04
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1924
parity+

91Zr

Nombor jisim91
nombor neutron51
jisim atom relatif
90.905640205 ± 0.000000101 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
11.22 ± 0.05
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.176 ± 0.003
tarikh penemuan1934
parity+

92Zr

Nombor jisim92
nombor neutron52
jisim atom relatif
91.905035336 ± 0.000000101 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
17.15 ± 0.03
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1924
parity+

93Zr

Nombor jisim93
nombor neutron53
jisim atom relatif
92.906470661 ± 0.000000489 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.61 ± 0.05 My
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1950
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

94Zr

Nombor jisim94
nombor neutron54
jisim atom relatif
93.906312523 ± 0.000000175 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
17.38 ± 0.04
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1924
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
(double β decay)

95Zr

Nombor jisim95
nombor neutron55
jisim atom relatif
94.908040276 ± 0.000000933 Da
g-factor
0.452 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
64.032 ± 0.006 d
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.22 ± 0.02
tarikh penemuan1946
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

96Zr

Nombor jisim96
nombor neutron56
jisim atom relatif
95.908277615 ± 0.000000122 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2.8 ± 0.02
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
23.4 ± 1.7 Ey
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1934
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
(double β decay)100%

97Zr

Nombor jisim97
nombor neutron57
jisim atom relatif
96.910963802 ± 0.00000013 Da
g-factor
-1.872 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
16.749 ± 0.008 h
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

98Zr

Nombor jisim98
nombor neutron58
jisim atom relatif
97.912740448 ± 0.000009065 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
30.7 ± 0.4 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1967
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

99Zr

Nombor jisim99
nombor neutron59
jisim atom relatif
98.916675081 ± 0.000011271 Da
g-factor
-1.858 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.1 ± 0.1 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1970
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

100Zr

Nombor jisim100
nombor neutron60
jisim atom relatif
99.918010499 ± 0.000008742 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.1 ± 0.4 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1970
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

101Zr

Nombor jisim101
nombor neutron61
jisim atom relatif
100.921458454 ± 0.000008944 Da
g-factor
-0.18133333333333 ± 0.0053333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.29 ± 0.08 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.81 ± 0.06
tarikh penemuan1972
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

102Zr

Nombor jisim102
nombor neutron62
jisim atom relatif
101.923154181 ± 0.000009401 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.01 ± 0.08 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1970
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

103Zr

Nombor jisim103
nombor neutron63
jisim atom relatif
102.927204054 ± 0.0000099 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.38 ± 0.07 s
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1%

104Zr

Nombor jisim104
nombor neutron64
jisim atom relatif
103.929449193 ± 0.00001 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
920 ± 28 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1990
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1%

105Zr

Nombor jisim105
nombor neutron65
jisim atom relatif
104.934021832 ± 0.000013 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
670 ± 28 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1992
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2%

106Zr

Nombor jisim106
nombor neutron66
jisim atom relatif
105.93693 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
179 ± 6 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7%

107Zr

Nombor jisim107
nombor neutron67
jisim atom relatif
106.942007 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
145.7 ± 2.4 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)23%

108Zr

Nombor jisim108
nombor neutron68
jisim atom relatif
107.945303 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
78.5 ± 2 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

109Zr

Nombor jisim109
nombor neutron69
jisim atom relatif
108.950907 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
56 ± 3 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

110Zr

Nombor jisim110
nombor neutron70
jisim atom relatif
109.954675 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
37.5 ± 2 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

111Zr

Nombor jisim111
nombor neutron71
jisim atom relatif
110.960837 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
24 ± 0.5 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

112Zr

Nombor jisim112
nombor neutron72
jisim atom relatif
111.965196 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
43 ± 21 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

113Zr

Nombor jisim113
nombor neutron73
jisim atom relatif
112.971723 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2018
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Zirconium crystal bar and 1cm3 cube

sejarah

penemu atau perekaMartin Klaproth
tempat penemuanGermany
tarikh penemuan1789
EtimologiFrom the mineral, zircon.
sebutanzer-KO-ni-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
165 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)
0.00003 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
0.000005 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.00066 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.000004 %
Abundance in Universe
0.000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.841
2p4.0072
2s10.6262
3d14.4331
3p16.1545
3s15.6385
4d26.9284
4p26.54
4s25.0984
5s33.5545