Atomnummer | 40 |
---|---|
Atommassa | 91.224 |
masstal | 90 |
Grupp | 4 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | d |
Protoner | 40 p+ |
---|---|
Neutroner | 50 n0 |
Electrons | 40 e- |
fysisk egenskap | |
---|---|
atomradie | 155 pm
|
molvolym | 14,1 cm³/mol
|
kovalent radie | 154 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 145 pm
|
ionic radius | 59 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 73 pm
|
Van der Waalsradie | 223 pm
|
densitet | 6,52 g/cm³
|
energi | |
proton affinity | |
Elektronaffinitet | 0,426 eV/particle
|
joniseringsenergi | 6,6339 eV/particle
|
ångbildningsvärme | 567 kJ/mol
|
smältvärme | 19,2 kJ/mol
|
Bildningsentalpi | 610 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
electron shell | 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 |
valenselektron | 2 |
elektronkonfiguration | [Kr] 4d2 5s2 |
oxidationstal | -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 |
elektronegativitet | 1.33
|
Electrophilicity | 1,0036040369931862 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
aggregationstillstånd | Fast |
Gas Phase | |
Kokpunkt | 4 679,15 K
|
Smältpunkt | 2 127,15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
trippelpunkt | |
Visual | |
färg | Silver
|
appearance | silvery white |
Brytningsindex | |
materialegenskap | |
Värmeledningsförmåga | 22,7 W/(m K)
|
termisk expansion | 0,0000057 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 25,36 J/(mol K)
|
Specifik värmekapacitet | 0,278 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
elektrisk konduktivitet | 2,4 MS/m
|
resistivitet | 0,00000042 m Ω
|
supraledare | 0,61 K
|
magnetism | |
type | paramagnetic |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass) | 0,0000000168 m³/Kg
|
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar) | 0,00000000153 m³/mol
|
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume) | 0,000109
|
magnetic ordering | |
Curiepunkten | |
Néel temperature | |
Structure | |
Kristallstruktur | Enkelt hexagonalt (HEX) |
Gitterkonstant | 3,23 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
mekanisk materialegenskap | |
hårdhet | 5 MPa
|
Kompressibilitet | |
skjuvmodul | 33 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 68 GPa
|
Poissons konstant | 0,34
|
ljudhastighet | 3 800 m/s
|
klassificering | |
Kategori | Övergångsmetaller, Transition metals |
CAS Group | IVA |
IUPAC Group | IVB |
Glawe Number | 49 |
Mendeleev Number | 44 |
Pettifor Number | 49 |
Geochemical Class | high field strength |
Goldschmidt classification | litophile |
övrigt | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Träffyta | 0,184
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0,00066
|
kvanttal | 3F2 |
rymdgrupp | 194 (P63/mmc) |
Stabila isotoper | 5 |
---|---|
Instabila isotoper | 32 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 33 |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 77 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2017 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
p (proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 78 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2001 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 79 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 56 ± 30 ms
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1999 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 80 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 4,6 ± 0,6 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 81 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 5,5 ± 0,4 s
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1997 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.12% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 82 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 32 ± 5 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1982 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 83 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 42 ± 2 s
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1974 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 84 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 25,8 ± 0,5 m
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1977 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 85 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 7,86 ± 0,04 m
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1963 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 86 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 16,5 ± 0,1 h
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1951 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 87 |
g-factor | −0,19866666666667 ± 0,0011111111111111
|
Halveringstid | 1,68 ± 0,01 h
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,42 ± 0,05
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1948 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 88 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 83,4 ± 0,3 d
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1951 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 89 |
g-factor | −0,23222222222222 ± 0,0013333333333333
|
Halveringstid | 78,36 ± 0,023 h
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,28 ± 0,1
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1948 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | 51,45 ± 0,04
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 90 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1924 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | 11,22 ± 0,05
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 91 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | −0,176 ± 0,003
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | 17,15 ± 0,03
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 92 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1924 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 93 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,61 ± 0,05 My
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1950 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | 17,38 ± 0,04
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 94 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1924 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 95 |
g-factor | 0,452 ± 0,008
|
Halveringstid | 64,032 ± 0,006 d
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,22 ± 0,02
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1946 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ 2,8 ± 0,02
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 96 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 23,4 ± 1,7 Ey
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 97 |
g-factor | −1,872 ± 0,01
|
Halveringstid | 16,749 ± 0,008 h
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1951 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 98 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 30,7 ± 0,4 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1967 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 99 |
g-factor | −1,858 ± 0,008
|
Halveringstid | 2,1 ± 0,1 s
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1970 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 100 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 7,1 ± 0,4 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1970 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 101 |
g-factor | −0,18133333333333 ± 0,0053333333333333
|
Halveringstid | 2,29 ± 0,08 s
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,81 ± 0,06
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1972 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 102 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 2,01 ± 0,08 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1970 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 103 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,38 ± 0,07 s
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 1% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 104 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 920 ± 28 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1990 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 1% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 105 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 670 ± 28 ms
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1992 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 2% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 106 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 179 ± 6 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1994 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 7% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 107 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 145,7 ± 2,4 ms
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1994 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 23% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 108 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 78,5 ± 2 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1997 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 109 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 56 ± 3 ms
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1997 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 110 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 37,5 ± 2 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1997 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 111 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 24 ± 0,5 ms
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2010 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 112 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 43 ± 21 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2010 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 113 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2018 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
upptäckare eller uppfinnare | Martin Klaproth |
---|---|
fyndplats | Germany |
upptäcktsdatum | 1789 |
etymologi | From the mineral, zircon. |
uttal | zer-KO-ni-em (engelska) |
1 | s | 0.841 |
2 | p | 4.0072 |
2 | s | 10.6262 |
3 | d | 14.4331 |
3 | p | 16.1545 |
3 | s | 15.6385 |
4 | d | 26.9284 |
4 | p | 26.54 |
4 | s | 25.0984 |
5 | s | 33.5545 |