Holmium

Holmium (Ho)

grundämne
Atomnummer67
Atommassa164.93033
masstal165
Grupp
Period6
Blockf
Protoner67 p+
Neutroner98 n0
Electrons67 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Ho (Holmium)

Egenskaper

fysisk egenskap
atomradie
175 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
166 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
90,1 pm
Crystal Radius
104,1 pm
Van der Waalsradie
230 pm
densitet
8,8 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
joniseringsenergi
joniseringsenergi of Ho (Holmium)
ångbildningsvärme
301 kJ/mol
smältvärme
Bildningsentalpi
300,6 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
Bohrs atommodell: Ho (Holmium)
valenselektron2
Elektronformel: Ho (Holmium)
elektronkonfiguration[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Ho (Holmium)
Orbital Diagram of Ho (Holmium)
oxidationstal0, 2, 3
elektronegativitet
1.23
Electrophilicity
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
2 973,15 K
Smältpunkt
1 745,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Silver
appearancesilvery white
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
termisk expansion
0,0000112 1/K
molar heat capacity
27,15 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,165 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
1,1 MS/m
resistivitet
0,00000094 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typeparamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
0,00000549 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
0,000000905467 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
0,0482845
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
20 K
Néel temperature
132 K
Structure
KristallstrukturEnkelt hexagonalt (HEX)
Gitterkonstant
3,58 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
Kompressibilitet
40 GPa
skjuvmodul
26 GPa
Young's modulus
65 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,23
ljudhastighet
2 760 m/s
klassificering
KategoriLantanoider, Lanthanides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number23
Mendeleev Number33
Pettifor Number24
Geochemical Classrare earth & related
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
156 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta
64
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,015
kvanttal4I15/2
rymdgrupp194 (P63/mmc)

Holmiumisotoper

Stabila isotoper1
Instabila isotoper38
Radioactive Isotopes38

140Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
139,968526 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal140
g-factor
Halveringstid
6 ± 3 ms
Spinn8
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1999
Paritet+

140Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

141Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
140,963108 ± 0,00043 Da
masstal141
g-factor
Halveringstid
4,1 ± 0,1 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1998
Paritet-

141Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

142Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
141,96001 ± 0,00043 Da
masstal142
g-factor
Halveringstid
400 ± 100 ms
Spinn7
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2001
Paritet-

142Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%
p (proton emission)0%

143Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
142,95486 ± 0,00032 Da
masstal143
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2000
Paritet-

143Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

144Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
143,952109712 ± 0,0000091 Da
masstal144
g-factor
Halveringstid
700 ± 100 ms
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1986
Paritet-

144Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

145Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
144,947267392 ± 0,000008 Da
masstal145
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,4 ± 0,1 s
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1987
Paritet-

145Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

146Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
145,944993503 ± 0,000007071 Da
masstal146
g-factor
Halveringstid
3,32 ± 0,22 s
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1982
Paritet-

146Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

147Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
146,940142293 ± 0,000005368 Da
masstal147
g-factor
Halveringstid
5,8 ± 0,4 s
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1982
Paritet-

147Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

148Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
147,937743925 ± 0,00009 Da
masstal148
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,2 ± 1,1 s
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet+

148Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

149Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
148,933820457 ± 0,000012866 Da
masstal149
g-factor
Halveringstid
21,1 ± 0,2 s
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet-

149Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

150Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
149,933498353 ± 0,000015209 Da
masstal150
g-factor
Halveringstid
76,8 ± 1,8 s
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet

150Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

151Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
150,931698176 ± 0,000008908 Da
masstal151
g-factor
Halveringstid
35,2 ± 0,1 s
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet-

151Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)88%
α (α emission)22%

152Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
151,931717618 ± 0,000013449 Da
masstal152
g-factor
−0,51 ± 0,01
Halveringstid
161,8 ± 0,3 s
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,1 ± 0,2
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet-

152Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)88%
α (α emission)12%

153Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
152,930206671 ± 0,000005438 Da
masstal153
g-factor
1,2345454545455 ± 0,0090909090909091
Halveringstid
2,01 ± 0,03 m
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−1,1 ± 0,5
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet-

153Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.949%
α (α emission)0.051%

154Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
153,930606776 ± 0,00000882 Da
masstal154
g-factor
−0,3205 ± 0,003
Halveringstid
11,76 ± 0,19 m
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,19 ± 0,1
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

154Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.981%
α (α emission)0.019%

155Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
154,929103363 ± 0,000018754 Da
masstal155
g-factor
1,4 ± 0,012
Halveringstid
48 ± 2 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,56 ± 0,12
upptäcktsdatum1959
Paritet+

155Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

156Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
155,929641634 ± 0,000041249 Da
masstal156
g-factor
0,745 ± 0,0075
Halveringstid
56 ± 1 m
Spinn4
nuclear quadrupole moment
2,4 ± 0,18
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet-

156Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

157Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
156,928251974 ± 0,000025194 Da
masstal157
g-factor
1,24 ± 0,0085714285714286
Halveringstid
12,6 ± 0,2 m
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,05 ± 0,13
upptäcktsdatum1966
Paritet-

157Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

158Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
157,92894491 ± 0,000029099 Da
masstal158
g-factor
0,7552 ± 0,0006
Halveringstid
11,3 ± 0,4 m
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
4,2 ± 0,4
upptäcktsdatum1961
Paritet+

158Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)%

159Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
158,927718683 ± 0,000003268 Da
masstal159
g-factor
1,22 ± 0,0085714285714286
Halveringstid
33,05 ± 0,11 m
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,27 ± 0,13
upptäcktsdatum1958
Paritet-

159Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

160Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
159,928735538 ± 0,00001612 Da
masstal160
g-factor
0,74 ± 0,006
Halveringstid
25,6 ± 0,3 m
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
4 ± 0,2
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

160Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

161Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
160,927861815 ± 0,000002309 Da
masstal161
g-factor
1,2114285714286 ± 0,0085714285714286
Halveringstid
2,48 ± 0,05 h
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,3 ± 0,11
upptäcktsdatum1954
Paritet-

161Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

162Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
161,929102543 ± 0,00000333 Da
masstal162
g-factor
2,32 ± 0,03
Halveringstid
15 ± 1 m
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet+

162Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

163Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
162,92874026 ± 0,000000744 Da
masstal163
g-factor
1,2057142857143 ± 0,011428571428571
Halveringstid
4,57 ± 0,025 ky
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,7 ± 0,6
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet-

163Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

164Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
163,930240548 ± 0,000001492 Da
masstal164
g-factor
Halveringstid
28,8 ± 0,5 m
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1938
Paritet+

164Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)61%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)39%

165Ho

natural abundance
100
relative atomic mass
164,930329116 ± 0,000000844 Da
masstal165
g-factor
1,1885714285714 ± 0,0085714285714286
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3,58 ± 0,02
upptäcktsdatum1934
Paritet-

166Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
165,932291209 ± 0,000000844 Da
masstal166
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
26,812 ± 0,007 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1936
Paritet-

166Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

167Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
166,933140254 ± 0,00000557 Da
masstal167
g-factor
Halveringstid
3,1 ± 0,1 h
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet-

167Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

168Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
167,935523766 ± 0,000032207 Da
masstal168
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,99 ± 0,07 m
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet+

168Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

169Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
168,93687989 ± 0,000021522 Da
masstal169
g-factor
Halveringstid
4,72 ± 0,1 m
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1963
Paritet-

169Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

170Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
169,939626548 ± 0,000053697 Da
masstal170
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,76 ± 0,05 m
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet+

170Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

171Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
170,941472713 ± 0,000644128 Da
masstal171
g-factor
Halveringstid
53 ± 2 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet-

171Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

172Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
171,94473 ± 0,00021 Da
masstal172
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
25 ± 3 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1991
Paritet+

172Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

173Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
172,94702 ± 0,00032 Da
masstal173
g-factor
Halveringstid
7,1 ± 0,4 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet-

173Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

174Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
173,950757 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal174
g-factor
Halveringstid
3,7 ± 0,4 s
Spinn8
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet-

174Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

175Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
174,953516 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal175
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,88 ± 0,55 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet-

175Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

176Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
175,957713 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal176
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn4
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2012
Paritet+

176Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

177Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
176,961052 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal177
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet-

177Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
n (neutron emission)%

178Ho

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
177,965507 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal178
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet+

178Ho Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
Holmium

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareJ.L. Soret
fyndplatsSwitzerland
upptäcktsdatum1878
etymologiFrom Holmia, the Latinized name for Stockholm, Sweden.
uttalHOLE-mi-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,3 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
0,00000022 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor
0,0000059 %
Abundance in Sun
0 %
Abundance in Universe
0,00000005 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.3088
2p4.3332
2s17.5444
3d13.6531
3p20.2546
3s20.7649
4d35.3284
4f39.5304
4p32.4372
4s31.688
5p49.661
5s47.424
6s58.561