Bly

Bly (Pb)

grundämne
Atomnummer82
Atommassa207.2
masstal208
Grupp14
Period6
Blockp
Protoner82 p+
Neutroner126 n0
Electrons82 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Pb (Bly)

Egenskaper

fysisk egenskap
atomradie
180 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
144 pm
Metallic Radius
150 pm
ionic radius
98 pm
Crystal Radius
112 pm
Van der Waalsradie
202 pm
densitet
11,3 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
0,35674316 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi
7,4166796 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Pb (Bly)
ångbildningsvärme
177,8 kJ/mol
smältvärme
4,77 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
195,2 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Bohrs atommodell: Pb (Bly)
valenselektron4
Elektronformel: Pb (Bly)
elektronkonfiguration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Pb (Bly)
Orbital Diagram of Pb (Bly)
oxidationstal-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
elektronegativitet
1.8
Electrophilicity
1,069876866442547 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
2 022,15 K
Smältpunkt
600,612 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Slate Gray
appearancemetallic gray
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
35,3 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
0,0000289 1/K
molar heat capacity
26,84 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
4,8 MS/m
resistivitet
0,00000021 m Ω
supraledare
7,2 K
magnetism
typediamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
−0,0000000015 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
−0,000000000311 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
−0,000017
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturYtcentrerat kubiskt (FCC)
Gitterkonstant
4,95 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
1,5 MPa
Kompressibilitet
46 GPa
skjuvmodul
5,6 GPa
Young's modulus
16 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,44
ljudhastighet
1 260 m/s
klassificering
KategoriPosttransitionsmetaller, Poor metals
CAS GroupIVB
IUPAC GroupIVA
Glawe Number82
Mendeleev Number91
Pettifor Number82
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
47 ± 3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta
0,171
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,00003
kvanttal3P0
rymdgrupp225 (Fm_3m)

Blyisotoper

Stabila isotoper4
Instabila isotoper39
Radioactive Isotopes39

178Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
178,003836171 ± 0,000024889 Da
masstal178
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
250 ± 80 us
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2001
Paritet+

178Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

179Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
179,002202492 ± 0,000087203 Da
masstal179
g-factor
Halveringstid
2,7 ± 0,2 ms
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet-

179Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

180Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
179,997916177 ± 0,000013306 Da
masstal180
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
4,1 ± 0,3 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1996
Paritet+

180Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%

181Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
180,9966606 ± 0,00009129 Da
masstal181
g-factor
Halveringstid
39 ± 0,8 ms
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet-

181Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

182Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
181,992673537 ± 0,000012975 Da
masstal182
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
55 ± 5 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1986
Paritet+

182Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

183Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
182,991862527 ± 0,00003111 Da
masstal183
g-factor
−0,76933333333333 ± 0,0033333333333333
Halveringstid
535 ± 30 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1980
Paritet-

183Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

184Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
183,988135634 ± 0,000013743 Da
masstal184
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
490 ± 25 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1980
Paritet+

184Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)80%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

185Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
184,98761 ± 0,000017364 Da
masstal185
g-factor
−0,758 ± 0,0033333333333333
Halveringstid
6,3 ± 0,4 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1975
Paritet-

185Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)66%
α (α emission)34%

186Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
185,984239409 ± 0,000011813 Da
masstal186
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
4,82 ± 0,03 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet+

186Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
α (α emission)40%

187Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
186,983910842 ± 0,000005468 Da
masstal187
g-factor
−0,748 ± 0,002
Halveringstid
15,2 ± 0,3 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet-

187Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)90.5%
α (α emission)9.5%

188Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
187,980879079 ± 0,000010868 Da
masstal188
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
25,1 ± 0,1 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet+

188Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)91.5%
α (α emission)8.5%

189Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
188,980843658 ± 0,000015096 Da
masstal189
g-factor
−0,718 ± 0,006
Halveringstid
39 ± 8 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet-

189Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.58%
α (α emission)0.42%

190Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
189,978081872 ± 0,000013434 Da
masstal190
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
71 ± 1 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1972
Paritet+

190Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.6%
α (α emission)0.4%

191Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
190,978216455 ± 0,000007099 Da
masstal191
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,33 ± 0,08 m
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1974
Paritet-

191Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.51%

192Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
191,975789598 ± 0,000006147 Da
masstal192
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
3,5 ± 0,1 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1974
Paritet+

192Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0.0059%

193Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
192,976135914 ± 0,000011044 Da
masstal193
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1974
Paritet-

193Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%

194Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
193,974011788 ± 0,000018717 Da
masstal194
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
10,7 ± 0,6 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet+

194Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)7.3%

195Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
194,974516167 ± 0,000005461 Da
masstal195
g-factor
Halveringstid
15 ± 1,4 m
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet-

195Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

196Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
195,972787552 ± 0,000008277 Da
masstal196
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
37 ± 3 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet+

196Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)3%

197Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
196,973434737 ± 0,000005157 Da
masstal197
g-factor
−0,71453333333333 ± 0,0015333333333333
Halveringstid
8,1 ± 1,7 m
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,08 ± 0,17
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet-

197Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

198Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
197,97201545 ± 0,000009393 Da
masstal198
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
2,4 ± 0,1 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet+

198Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

199Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
198,97291262 ± 0,000007322 Da
masstal199
g-factor
−0,7138 ± 0,00093333333333333
Halveringstid
90 ± 10 m
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,08 ± 0,09
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

199Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

200Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
199,971818546 ± 0,000010744 Da
masstal200
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
21,5 ± 0,4 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

200Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

201Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
200,972870431 ± 0,000014758 Da
masstal201
g-factor
0,26924 ± 0,00024
Halveringstid
9,33 ± 0,03 h
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,01 ± 0,04
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet-

201Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

202Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
201,972151613 ± 0,000004075 Da
masstal202
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
52,5 ± 2,8 ky
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1954
Paritet+

202Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

203Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
202,973390617 ± 0,000007036 Da
masstal203
g-factor
0,27364 ± 0,00024
Halveringstid
51,924 ± 0,015 h
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,1 ± 0,05
upptäcktsdatum1942
Paritet-

203Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

204Pb

natural abundance
1,4 ± 0,6
relative atomic mass
203,973043506 ± 0,000001231 Da
masstal204
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1932
Paritet+

204Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

205Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
204,974481682 ± 0,000001228 Da
masstal205
g-factor
0,28376 ± 0,00024
Halveringstid
17 ± 0,9 My
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,23 ± 0,04
upptäcktsdatum1954
Paritet-

205Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

206Pb

natural abundance
24,1 ± 3
relative atomic mass
205,97446521 ± 0,000001228 Da
masstal206
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1927
Paritet+

206Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

207Pb

natural abundance
22,1 ± 5
relative atomic mass
206,975896821 ± 0,000001231 Da
masstal207
g-factor
1,1812 ± 0,0008
Halveringstid
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1927
Paritet-

207Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

208Pb

natural abundance
52,4 ± 7
relative atomic mass
207,976652005 ± 0,000001232 Da
masstal208
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1927
Paritet+

208Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)%

209Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
208,981089978 ± 0,000001875 Da
masstal209
g-factor
−0,32635555555556 ± 0,00042222222222222
Halveringstid
3,235 ± 0,005 h
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,27 ± 0,17
upptäcktsdatum1940
Paritet+

209Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

210Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
209,984188381 ± 0,000001554 Da
masstal210
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
22,2 ± 0,22 y
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1900
Paritet+

210Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
α (α emission)1.9%

211Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
210,988735288 ± 0,000002426 Da
masstal211
g-factor
−0,31091111111111 ± 0,00026666666666667
Halveringstid
36,1628 ± 0,0025 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,09 ± 0,06
upptäcktsdatum1904
Paritet+

211Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

212Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
211,991895891 ± 0,000001975 Da
masstal212
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
10,627 ± 0,006 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1905
Paritet+

212Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

213Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
212,996560796 ± 0,000007465 Da
masstal213
g-factor
Halveringstid
10,2 ± 0,3 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1964
Paritet+

213Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

214Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
213,999803521 ± 0,000002114 Da
masstal214
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
27,06 ± 0,07 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1904
Paritet+

214Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

215Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
215,004661591 ± 0,00005656 Da
masstal215
g-factor
Halveringstid
142 ± 11 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1998
Paritet+

215Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

216Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
216,008062 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal216
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
1,66 ± 0,2 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet+

216Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

217Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
217,013162 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal217
g-factor
Halveringstid
19,9 ± 5,3 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet+

217Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

218Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
218,016779 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal218
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
14,8 ± 6,8 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet+

218Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

219Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
219,022136 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal219
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet+

219Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%

220Pb

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
220,025905 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal220
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet+

220Pb Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
Lead electrolytic and 1cm3 cube
Lead-2

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareKnown to the ancients.
fyndplats
upptäcktsdatum
etymologiAnglo-Saxon: lead; symbol from Latin: plumbum.
uttalLED (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
Abundance in Oceans
0,00003 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
0,00017 %
Abundance in Meteor
0,00014 %
Abundance in Sun
0,000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0,000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.5805
2p4.5234
2s21.57
3d13.4533
3p22.8505
3s23.8477
4d37.6804
4f38.0312
4p35.9664
4s35.1072
5d58.848
5p53.97
5s51.8685
6p69.607
6s67.9