Paladi

Paladi (Pd)

chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46
Atomic Number46
Atomic Weight106.42
mass number106
Group10
Period5
Blockd
protoni46 p+
nyutroni60 n0
elektroni46 e-
Animated Bohr model of Pd (Paladi)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius
140 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius
120 pm
Metallic Radius
128 pm
ionic radius
59 pm
Crystal Radius
73 pm
Van der Waals radius
210 pm
msongamano
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Paladi0153045607590105120135150165180195210pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

nishati
proton affinity
696 kJ/mol
electron affinity
ionization energy
8.33686 eV/particle
ionization energy of Pd (Paladi)
enthalpy of vaporization
372.4 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
17.24 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
376.6 kJ/mol
elektroni
Mzingo elektroni2, 8, 18, 18
Bohr model: Pd (Paladi)
valence electron10
Lewis structure: Pd (Paladi)
electron configuration[Kr] 4d10
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d10
Enhanced Bohr model of Pd (Paladi)
Orbital Diagram of Pd (Paladi)
oxidation number0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
electronegativity
2.2
Electrophilicity Index
1.273169376998428 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
3,236.15 K
Melting Point
1,827.95 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Kiwango utatu
appearance
Rangi
Silver
appearancesilvery white
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
71.8 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
0.0000118 1/K
molar heat capacity
25.98 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.246 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
10 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0.0000001 m Ω
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0.0000000657 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0.000000006992 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0.0007899
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant
3.89 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
4.75 MPa
bulk modulus
180 GPa
shear modulus
44 GPa
Young's modulus
121 GPa
Poisson's ratio
0.39
speed of sound
3,070 m/s
classification
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number65
Mendeleev Number68
Pettifor Number69
Geochemical Classnoble metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile

other

Gas Basicity
673.4 kJ/mol
polarizability
26.14 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
6.9
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0023
quantum number1S0
space group225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Palladium

Stable Isotopes4
Unstable Isotopes38
Natural Isotopes6
Isotopic Composition10627.33%10627.33%10826.46%10826.46%10522.33%10522.33%10411.14%10411.14%11011.72%11011.72%1021.02%1021.02%

90Pd

mass number90
neutron number44
relative atomic mass
89.95737 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi2016
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
2p (2-proton emission)

91Pd

mass number91
neutron number45
relative atomic mass
90.950435 ± 0.000454 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
32 ± 3 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)3.1%

92Pd

mass number92
neutron number46
relative atomic mass
91.941192225 ± 0.000370402 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.06 ± 0.03 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1994
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)1.6%

93Pd

mass number93
neutron number47
relative atomic mass
92.936680426 ± 0.000397221 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.17 ± 0.02 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1994
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)7.4%

94Pd

mass number94
neutron number48
relative atomic mass
93.929036286 ± 0.000004602 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
9.1 ± 0.3 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1982
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.13%

95Pd

mass number95
neutron number49
relative atomic mass
94.924888506 ± 0.000003253 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
7.4 ± 0.4 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1980
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.23%

96Pd

mass number96
neutron number50
relative atomic mass
95.918213739 ± 0.000004502 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
122 ± 2 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1980
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

97Pd

mass number97
neutron number51
relative atomic mass
96.916471985 ± 0.0000052 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
3.1 ± 0.09 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1969
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

98Pd

mass number98
neutron number52
relative atomic mass
97.912698335 ± 0.00000509 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
17.7 ± 0.4 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1955
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

99Pd

mass number99
neutron number53
relative atomic mass
98.911773073 ± 0.000005482 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
21.4 ± 0.2 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1955
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

100Pd

mass number100
neutron number54
relative atomic mass
99.908520438 ± 0.000018934 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
3.63 ± 0.09 d
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1948
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

101Pd

mass number101
neutron number55
relative atomic mass
100.908284824 ± 0.000004925 Da
g-factor
0.264 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
8.47 ± 0.06 h
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1948
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

102Pd

mass number102
neutron number56
relative atomic mass
101.905632292 ± 0.000000449 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
1.02 ± 0.01
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
+ (double β+ decay)

103Pd

mass number103
neutron number57
relative atomic mass
102.906111074 ± 0.000000942 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
16.991 ± 0.019 d
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1950
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

104Pd

mass number104
neutron number58
relative atomic mass
103.904030393 ± 0.000001434 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
11.14 ± 0.08
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

105Pd

mass number105
neutron number59
relative atomic mass
104.905079479 ± 0.000001222 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
22.33 ± 0.08
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.66 ± 0.011
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

106Pd

mass number106
neutron number60
relative atomic mass
105.903480287 ± 0.000001186 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
27.33 ± 0.03
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

107Pd

mass number107
neutron number61
relative atomic mass
106.905128058 ± 0.000001289 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
6.5 ± 0.3 My
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1958
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

108Pd

mass number108
neutron number62
relative atomic mass
107.903891806 ± 0.000001189 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
26.46 ± 0.09
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

109Pd

mass number109
neutron number63
relative atomic mass
108.905950576 ± 0.000001195 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
13.59 ± 0.12 h
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1937
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

110Pd

mass number110
neutron number64
relative atomic mass
109.905172878 ± 0.000000657 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
11.72 ± 0.09
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1935
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
(double β decay)

111Pd

mass number111
neutron number65
relative atomic mass
110.907690358 ± 0.000000785 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
23.56 ± 0.09 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1937
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

112Pd

mass number112
neutron number66
relative atomic mass
111.907330557 ± 0.000007027 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
21.04 ± 0.17 h
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1951
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

113Pd

mass number113
neutron number67
relative atomic mass
112.910261912 ± 0.000007458 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
93 ± 5 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1954
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

114Pd

mass number114
neutron number68
relative atomic mass
113.91036943 ± 0.000007459 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
2.42 ± 0.06 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1958
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

115Pd

mass number115
neutron number69
relative atomic mass
114.913659333 ± 0.000014543 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
25 ± 2 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1958
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

116Pd

mass number116
neutron number70
relative atomic mass
115.914297872 ± 0.000007659 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
11.8 ± 0.4 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1970
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

117Pd

mass number117
neutron number71
relative atomic mass
116.917955584 ± 0.000007788 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
4.3 ± 0.3 s
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1968
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

118Pd

mass number118
neutron number72
relative atomic mass
117.919067273 ± 0.000002677 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.9 ± 0.1 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1969
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

119Pd

mass number119
neutron number73
relative atomic mass
118.923341138 ± 0.000008854 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
920 ± 80 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1991
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

120Pd

mass number120
neutron number74
relative atomic mass
119.924551745 ± 0.000002464 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
492 ± 33 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1993
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.7%

121Pd

mass number121
neutron number75
relative atomic mass
120.928950342 ± 0.0000036 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
290 ± 1 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1994
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.8%

122Pd

mass number122
neutron number76
relative atomic mass
121.930631693 ± 0.000021 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
193 ± 5 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1994
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.5%

123Pd

mass number123
neutron number77
relative atomic mass
122.935126 ± 0.0008475 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
108 ± 1 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1994
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)10%

124Pd

mass number124
neutron number78
relative atomic mass
123.937305 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
88 ± 15 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1997
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)17%

125Pd

mass number125
neutron number79
relative atomic mass
124.942072 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
60 ± 6 ms
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2008
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)12%

126Pd

mass number126
neutron number80
relative atomic mass
125.944401 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
48.6 ± 0.8 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi2008
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)22%

127Pd

mass number127
neutron number81
relative atomic mass
126.949307 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
38 ± 2 ms
spin11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2010
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)19%
2n (2-neutron emission)

128Pd

mass number128
neutron number82
relative atomic mass
127.952345 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
35 ± 3 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi2010
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

129Pd

mass number129
neutron number83
relative atomic mass
128.959334 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
31 ± 7 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2015
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

130Pd

mass number130
neutron number84
relative atomic mass
129.964863 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi2018
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

131Pd

mass number131
neutron number85
relative atomic mass
130.972367 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2018
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Palladium 1-noReflection

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuziWilliam Wollaston
location of discoveryEngland
Uvumbuzi1803
EtimolojiaNamed after the asteroid, Pallas, discovered in 1803.
pronunciationpeh-LAY-di-em (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.015 mg/kg
natural abundance (Bahari)
natural abundance (Mwili)
natural abundance (Kimondo)
0.000066 %
natural abundance (Jua)
0.0000003 %
Abundance in Universe
0.0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.9411
2p4.07
2s12.1172
3d14.5489
3p16.9804
3s16.7788
4d32.3824
4p28.2768
4s27.014